Word Friend

Your only friend in the world!
换行
// ==UserScript==
// @name         Word Friend
// @namespace    http://tampermonkey.net/
// @version      0.3
// @description  Your only friend in the world!
// @author       You
// @include      http*://*weibo*/*
// @include      http*://weibo*/*
// @include      http*://*.amazon.*/*
// @include      http*://*.baidu.*/*
// @include      http*://*.zhihu.*/*
// @grant        none
// ==/UserScript==
 
(function() {
    'use strict';
    var chance = 0.6;
    var words = [
        ["abandon", "v./n.放弃；放纵"],
        ["abash", "v.使害羞，使尴尬"],
        ["abate", "v.减轻，减少"],
        ["abbreviate", "v.缩短；缩写"],
        ["abdicate", "v.退位，辞职，放弃"],
        ["aberrant", "a.越轨的；异常的"],
        ["aberration", "n.离开正路，脱离常轨；变形"],
        ["abet", "v.教唆，鼓励，帮助"],
        ["abeyance", "n.中止，搁置"],
        ["abhor", "v.憎恨，嫌恶"],
        ["abhorrent", "a.可恨的，讨厌的"],
        ["abide", "v.容忍，忍受"],
        ["abject", "a.极可怜的;卑下的"],
        ["abjure", "v.发誓放弃"],
        ["ablution", "n.(宗教的)净礼，沐浴"],
        ["abnegate", "v.否认，放弃"],
        ["abolish", "v.废止，废除(法律、制度、习俗等)"],
        ["abolition", "n.废除，革除"],
        ["abominate", "v.痛恨；厌恶"],
        ["aboveboard", "a./adv.光明正大的(地)"],
        ["abrade", "v.磨损，磨小"],
        ["abrasion", "n.表面磨损"],
        ["abrasive", "a.磨损的；生硬粗暴的"],
        ["abreast", "adv.并列，并排"],
        ["abridge", "v.删减；缩短"],
        ["abrogate", "v.废止，废除"],
        ["abscission", "n.[医]切除，截去；[植]脱离"],
        ["abscond", "v.潜逃，逃亡"],
        ["absenteeism", "n.旷课，旷工"],
        ["absolute", "a.绝对的，完全的; 无(条件)限制的"],
        ["absolve", "v.赦免，免除"],
        ["absorb", "v.吸收；同化；吸引…的注意"],
        ["abstain", "v.禁绝，放弃"],
        ["abstemious", "a.有节制的，节俭的"],
        ["abstention", "n.节制"],
        ["abstentious", "a.节制的"],
        ["abstract", "n.摘要；a.抽象的"],
        ["abstruse", "a.难懂的，深奥的"],
        ["absurd", "a.荒谬的，可笑的"],
        ["abundance", "n.充裕，多量"],
        ["abundant", "a.丰富的，盛产的"],
        ["abuse", "v./n.辱骂; 滥用"],
        ["abusive", "a.漫骂的；毁谤的；虐待的"],
        ["abut", "v.接界，毗连"],
        ["abysmal", "a.极深的；糟透的"],
        ["academic", "a.学院的，学术的；理论的"],
        ["academician", "n.院士；学会会员"],
        ["accede", "v.同意"],
        ["accelerate", "v.加速；促进"],
        ["accentuate", "v.重读；强调"],
        ["access", "n.通路；途径"],
        ["accessible", "a.易达到的；易受影响的"],
        ["accessory", "a.附属的，次要的"],
        ["acclaim", "v.欢呼，称赞"],
        ["acclimate", "v.使服水土; 使适应"],
        ["accolade", "n.推崇；赞扬"],
        ["accommodate", "v.与…一致；提供食宿"],
        ["accommodating", "a.乐于助人的"],
        ["accompany", "v.伴随，陪伴"],
        ["accomplice", "n.同谋者，帮凶"],
        ["accomplish", "v.完成，做成功"],
        ["accomplished", "a.完成了的；有技巧的，有造诣的"],
        ["accord", "v./n.同意；一致"],
        ["accost", "v.搭话"],
        ["accountability", "n.负有责任"],
        ["accrete", "v.逐渐增长；添加生长；连生"],
        ["accretion", "n.自然的增加；增加物"],
        ["accrue", "v.(利息等)增大；增多"],
        ["accumulate", "v.积聚，积累"],
        ["accuracy", "n.精确，准确"],
        ["accurate", "a.精确的，准确的"],
        ["accuse", "v.谴责，指责"],
        ["acerbic", "a.苦涩的；刻薄的"],
        ["acknowledge", "v.承认；致谢"],
        ["acme", "n.顶点，极点"],
        ["acolyte", "n.(教士的)助手，侍僧"],
        ["acorn", "n.橡子，橡果"],
        ["acoustic", "a.听觉的，有关声音的"],
        ["acquaint", "v.使…熟知；通知"],
        ["acquaintance", "n.熟知；熟人"],
        ["acquainted", "a.对某事物熟悉的；对某人认识的"],
        ["acquiesce", "v.勉强同意，默许"],
        ["acquired", "a.后天习得的"],
        ["acquisitive", "a.渴望得到的，贪婪的"],
        ["acquit", "v.宣告无罪；脱卸义务和责任；还清(债务)"],
        ["acquittal", "n.宣告无罪，开释"],
        ["acrid", "a.辛辣的，刻薄的"],
        ["acrimonious", "a.尖刻的，严厉的"],
        ["acrimony", "n.尖刻，刻薄"],
        ["acrobat", "n.特技演员，杂技演员"],
        ["acrophobia", "n.恐高症"],
        ["acuity", "n.(尤指思想或感官)敏锐"],
        ["acumen", "n.敏锐，精明"],
        ["acute", "a.灵敏的；[病]急性的"],
        ["adage", "n.格言，古训"],
        ["adamant", "a.强硬的；固执的"],
        ["adapt", "v.使…适应；修改"],
        ["adaptable", "a.有适应能力的；可改编的"],
        ["addendum", "n.补充，附录"],
        ["addict", "v./n.沉溺；上瘾(者)"],
        ["addition", "n.增加，附加"],
        ["additive", "n.添加剂"],
        ["address", "v.处理，对付，着手解决；致词"],
        ["adept", "a.老练的，精通的"],
        ["adequate", "a.足够的"],
        ["adhere", "v.粘着"],
        ["adherent", "n.拥护者，信徒"],
        ["adhesive", "a.带粘性的，胶粘的；n.胶合剂"],
        ["adjacent", "a.接近的，毗连的"],
        ["adjourn", "v.使延期，推迟；休会"],
        ["adjunct", "n.附加物，附件"],
        ["adjust", "v.整顿，整理；适应"],
        ["admire", "v.钦佩，赞赏"],
        ["admission", "n.许可；入会费；承认"],
        ["admonish", "v.训诫；警告"],
        ["adobe", "n.泥砖，土坯"],
        ["adolescent", "a.青春期的；n.青少年"],
        ["adopt", "v.收养；采纳"],
        ["adore", "v.崇拜；热爱"],
        ["adorn", "v.装饰"],
        ["adroit", "a.熟练的，灵巧的"],
        ["adulate", "v.谄媚，奉承"],
        ["adulterate", "v.掺假"],
        ["adumbrate", "v.(对将来事件)预示"],
        ["advent", "n.到来，来临"],
        ["adventitious", "a.偶然的"],
        ["adverse", "a.不利的，相反的；敌对"],
        ["advertise", "v.做广告"],
        ["advisable", "a.适当的，可行的"],
        ["advocacy", "n.拥护，支持"],
        ["advocate", ">v.拥护，支持，鼓吹；n.支持者，拥护者"],
        ["aegis", "n.盾；保护，庇护"],
        ["aerate", "v.充气，让空气进入"],
        ["aerial", "a.空中的，空气中的"],
        ["aesthete", "n.审美家"],
        ["aesthetic", "a.美学的，有审美感的"],
        ["affable", "a.易于交谈的；和蔼的"],
        ["affectation", "n.做作，虚假"],
        ["affected", "a.不自然的；假装的"],
        ["affection", "n.爱"],
        ["affidavit", "n.宣誓书"],
        ["affiliate", "v.加入；联合"],
        ["affiliation", "n.联系，联合"],
        ["affinity", "n.密切关系；吸引力"],
        ["affirm", "v.确认；肯定"],
        ["affix", "v.粘上，贴上；在合同上添写某事物；n.词缀"],
        ["afflict", "v.使痛苦，折磨"],
        ["affliction", "n.悲痛，受难的起因"],
        ["affluence", "n.充裕，富足"],
        ["affluent", "a.富裕的，丰富的"],
        ["affordable", "a.能够支付的"],
        ["affront", "v.侮辱，冒犯"],
        ["agenda", "n.议程"],
        ["agglomerate", "v.凝聚，结块"],
        ["aggrandize", "v.增大，扩张；吹棒"],
        ["aggravate", "v.加重，恶化"],
        ["aggregate", "v.集合；合计"],
        ["aggression", "n.侵略；敌对的情绪或行为"],
        ["aggressive", "a.好斗的；进取的"],
        ["aggressor", "n.侵略者，攻击者"],
        ["aggrieve", "v.使受委屈；使痛苦"],
        ["agile", "a.敏捷的，灵活的"],
        ["agility", "n.敏捷"],
        ["agitate", "v.搅动，煽动；使不安，使焦虑"],
        ["agitated", "a.被鼓动的；不安的"],
        ["agnostic", "a.不可知论的"],
        ["agog", "a.兴奋的，有强烈兴趣的"],
        ["agony", "n.极大痛苦"],
        ["agrarian", "a.土地的"],
        ["agreeable", "a.令人喜悦的；欣然同意的"],
        ["agronomy", "n.农学，农艺学"],
        ["ail", "v.生病"],
        ["airborne", "a.空气传播的；空运的"],
        ["airtight", "a.密闭的，不透气的"],
        ["alabaster", "a.雪白的"],
        ["alacrity", "n.乐意，欣然；敏捷，活泼"],
        ["albeit", "conj. 虽然，尽管"],
        ["alchemy", "n.炼金术"],
        ["alcove", "n.凹室"],
        ["alert", "a.警惕的，机警的; n.警报"],
        ["alias", "n.化名，别名"],
        ["alibi", "n.某人当时不在犯罪现场的申辩或证明"],
        ["alienate", "v.疏远，离间某人"],
        ["align", "v.将某物排列在一条直线上；与某人结盟"],
        ["alimentary", "a.饮食的，营养的"],
        ["alkali", "n.碱"],
        ["allay", "v.减轻，缓和"],
        ["allege", "v.(无证据)陈述，宣称"],
        ["allegiance", "n.忠诚，拥护"],
        ["allegory", "n.寓言"],
        ["allergic", "a.过敏的；对…讨厌的"],
        ["allergy", "n.过敏症；厌恶"],
        ["alleviate", "v.缓和，减轻"],
        ["allocate", "v.配给，分配"],
        ["allowance", "n.津贴，补助；承认，允许"],
        ["allude", "v.间接提到，暗指"],
        ["alluring", "a.吸引人的，迷人的"],
        ["allusion", "n.暗示，间接提示"],
        ["aloft", "adv.在空中，在头顶上"],
        ["aloof", "a.冷淡的，疏远的"],
        ["alphabetical", "a.按字母表顺序的"],
        ["alter", "v.改变，更改"],
        ["alternate", "a.轮流的，交替的；v.轮流，交替n.候选人，替代性选择"],
        ["altruism", "n.利他主义；无私"],
        ["altruistic", "a.无私的，为他人着想的"],
        ["aluminium", "n.铝"],
        ["amalgam", "n.混合物"],
        ["amalgamate", "v.合并；混合"],
        ["amass", "v.积聚"],
        ["amateur", "n.业余爱好者"],
        ["amateurish", "a.业余爱好的，不熟练的"],
        ["ambidextrous", "a.十分灵巧的"],
        ["ambiguous", "a.含糊的"],
        ["ambivalence", "n.矛盾心理"],
        ["ambivalent", "a.(对人或物)有矛盾看法的"],
        ["amble", "n./v.漫步，缓行"],
        ["ambush", "v.埋伏；伏击"],
        ["ameliorate", "v.改善，改良"],
        ["amenable", "a.愿服从的，通情达理的"],
        ["amend", "v.修正；通常向更好的方向变化"],
        ["amendment", "n.改正，修正；[法]修正案"],
        ["amenity", "n.礼仪；使人感到舒适的事物"],
        ["amiable", "a.和蔼的，亲切的"],
        ["amicable", "a.友好的"],
        ["amity", "n.(人或国之间的)友好关系"],
        ["amnesia", "n.健忘症"],
        ["amnesty", "n.大赦，特赦"],
        ["amorphous", "a.无定形的"],
        ["amortize", "v.分期偿还"],
        ["amphibian", "n.两栖动物；水陆两用飞行器"],
        ["ample", "a.富足的；充足的"],
        ["amplify", "v.放大；详述"],
        ["amplitude", "n.广大，广阔"],
        ["amulet", "n.护身符"],
        ["amuse", "v.使愉快，逗某人笑"],
        ["anachronistic", "a.年代出错的"],
        ["anaerobic", "a.厌氧的"],
        ["anagram", "n.变形词"],
        ["analgesia", "n.无痛觉，痛觉丧失"],
        ["analgesic", "n.镇痛剂；a.止痛的"],
        ["analogous", "a.类似的"],
        ["analogy", "n.相似；类比"],
        ["analyze", "v.分析，分解"],
        ["anarchist", "n.无政府主义者"],
        ["anarchy", "n.无政府;政治上的混乱"],
        ["anathema", "n.被诅咒的人；宗教意义的诅咒"],
        ["anatomical", "a.解剖学的"],
        ["ancestor", "n.祖先，祖宗"],
        ["ancestry", "n.家系"],
        ["anchor", "v.稳固；固定n.锚"],
        ["ancillary", "a.辅助的；n.助手"],
        ["anecdote", "n.短故事；轶事"],
        ["anemia", "n.贫血，贫血症"],
        ["anesthetic", "n.麻醉剂；a.麻醉的"],
        ["anguish", "n.极大痛苦"],
        ["angular", "a.有角的；(指人)瘦削的"],
        ["anhydrous", "a.无水的"],
        ["animate", "a.活的，有生命的；v.赋予生命"],
        ["animated", "a.活泼的，生动的"],
        ["animation", "n.活泼，有生气；卡通制作"],
        ["animosity", "n.憎恶，仇恨"],
        ["animus", "n.敌意，憎恨"],
        ["annals", "n.编年史"],
        ["annexation", "n.并吞，合并"],
        ["annihilate", "v.消灭"],
        ["annotate", "v.注解"],
        ["announce", "v.宣布，发表；通报…的到来"],
        ["annoy", "v.惹恼；打搅，骚扰"],
        ["annul", "v.宣告无效；取消"],
        ["anomalous", "a.反常的；不规则的"],
        ["anomaly", "n.异常，反常"],
        ["anonymity", "n.无名，匿名"],
        ["anonymous", "a.匿名的"],
        ["anorexia", "n.厌食症"],
        ["antagonism", "n.反抗，敌意"],
        ["antagonize", "v.使对抗；与…对抗"],
        ["Antarctic", "a.南极的"],
        ["antecedence", "n.居先，优先"],
        ["antecedent", "n.前事；前辈；a.先行的"],
        ["antediluvian", "a.史前的；陈旧的"],
        ["antenna", "n.触角；天线"],
        ["anterior", "a.较早的，以前的"],
        ["anthem", "n.圣歌；赞美歌，国歌"],
        ["anthology", "n.诗集，文选"],
        ["anthropologist", "n.人类学家"],
        ["antibiotic", "n.抗生素"],
        ["antibody", "n.抗体(身体中的抗病物质)"],
        ["antic", "a.古怪的"],
        ["anticipate", "v.预期，期待"],
        ["anticipatory", "a.预想的，预期的"],
        ["anticlimax", "n.令人扫兴的结局"],
        ["antidote", "n.解毒药"],
        ["antihistamine", "n.(治疗过敏的)抗组胺剂"],
        ["antipathy", "n.反感，厌恶"],
        ["antiquated", "a.陈旧的，过时的"],
        ["antique", "a.古时的，古老的；n.古物，古董"],
        ["antiquity", "n.古；古人；古迹"],
        ["antiseptic", "n.杀菌剂；a.防腐的"],
        ["antithesis", "n.对立；相对"],
        ["anvil", "n.铁砧"],
        ["aorta", "n.主动脉"],
        ["apex", "n.顶点，最高点"],
        ["aphorism", "n.格言"],
        ["apiary", "n.养蜂场，蜂房"],
        ["aplomb", "n.沉着，镇静"],
        ["apocalyptic", "a.预示世界末日的；启示的"],
        ["apocrypha", "n.伪经，伪书"],
        ["apocryphal", "a.假冒的，虚假的"],
        ["apogee", "n.远地点"],
        ["apologize", "v.道歉；辩解"],
        ["apoplectic", "a.中风的；愤怒的"],
        ["apostasy", "n.背教，脱党"],
        ["apostate", "n.背教者；变节者"],
        ["apostrophe", "n.书写中撇号(’)(表示省略或所有格)"],
        ["apothecary", "n.药剂师"],
        ["appall", "v.使惊骇，使恐怖"],
        ["apparatus", "n.仪器，设备"],
        ["apparel", "n.(精致的)衣服"],
        ["apparition", "n.幽灵，神奇的现象"],
        ["appeal", "v.恳求；吸引；上诉"],
        ["appease", "v.使平静，安抚"],
        ["appellation", "n.名称，称呼"],
        ["appetite", "n.欲望，食欲，爱好"],
        ["appetizer", "n.开胃品"],
        ["appetizing", "a.美味可口的，促进食欲的"],
        ["applaud", "v.鼓掌表示欢迎或赞赏"],
        ["applause", "n.鼓掌，喝彩"],
        ["applicable", "a.生效的，适合的"],
        ["applicant", "n.申请人"],
        ["application", "n.请求，申请；应用，应用程序"],
        ["appoint", "v.任命，指定；约会"],
        ["apposite", "a.适当的，恰当的"],
        ["appraise", "v.评价，鉴定"],
        ["appreciable", "a.明显的"],
        ["appreciate", "v.欣赏；感激"],
        ["apprehend", "v.逮捕；恐惧"],
        ["apprehensive", "a.害怕的；有眼力的"],
        ["apprentice", "n.学徒"],
        ["apprise", "v.通知，告诉"],
        ["approach", "v.接近，靠近；着手处理；n.方法"],
        ["approbation", "n.称赞，认可"],
        ["appropriate", "v.拨款；盗用；a.恰当的"],
        ["approximate", "a.大约的，估计的"],
        ["apron", "n.围裙"],
        ["apropos", "a./adv.适宜的(地)；有关"],
        ["apt", "a.易于…的，恰当的"],
        ["aptitude", "n.适宜；才能，资质"],
        ["aquatic", "a.水生的，水中的"],
        ["aqueduct", "n.引水渠；高架渠"],
        ["aquifer", "n.含水土层"],
        ["arabesque", "n.蔓藤图饰"],
        ["arable", "a.可耕的，适合种植的"],
        ["arbiter", "n.权威人士，泰斗"],
        ["arbitrary", "a.专横的，不理智的"],
        ["arbitrate", "v.仲裁，公断"],
        ["arboreal", "a.树木的"],
        ["arboretum", "n.植物园"],
        ["arcane", "a.神秘的，秘密的"],
        ["arch", "n.拱门，拱形"],
        ["archaeology", "n.考古学"],
        ["archetype", "n.原型；典型例子"],
        ["archipelago", "n.群岛"],
        ["architect", "n.建筑师"],
        ["archive", "n.档案室"],
        ["arctic", "a.北极的；极寒的"],
        ["ardent", "a.热心的，热烈的"],
        ["arena", "n.(角斗的)竞技场"],
        ["argot", "n.隐语，黑话"],
        ["aria", "n.独唱曲，咏叹调"],
        ["arid", "a.干旱的；枯燥的"],
        ["aristocracy", "n.贵族；贵族政府，贵族统治"],
        ["armada", "n.舰队"],
        ["armistice", "n.休战，停战"],
        ["armory", "n.军械库"],
        ["aroma", "n.芳香，香气"],
        ["aromatic", "a.芬芳的，芳香的"],
        ["arouse", "v.唤醒；激发"],
        ["array", "v.部署；n.陈列；大批"],
        ["arrest", "v.依法逮捕；阻止，抑制"],
        ["arresting", "a.显著的，引人注意的"],
        ["arrhythmic", "a.无节奏的；不规则的"],
        ["arrogance", "n.傲慢，自大"],
        ["arrogant", "a.傲慢的，自大的"],
        ["arrogate", "v.冒称具有…权利"],
        ["arroyo", "n.干涸的河床；小河"],
        ["arsenal", "n.军械库"],
        ["arson", "n.纵火，放火"],
        ["artery", "n.动脉，命脉"],
        ["arthritis", "n.关节炎"],
        ["articulate", "v.清楚说话"],
        ["artifact", "n.人工制品"],
        ["artifacts", "n.史前古器物"],
        ["artifice", "n.巧办法；诡计"],
        ["artificial", "a.人造的，假的"],
        ["artistry", "n.艺术技巧"],
        ["artless", "a.粗俗的；自然的"],
        ["ascendancy", "n.统治权，支配力量"],
        ["ascetic", "a.禁欲的；n.苦行者"],
        ["ascribe", "v.归功于；归咎于"],
        ["aseptic", "a.洁净的；无菌的"],
        ["asparagus", "[植]芦笋，龙须菜(可作蔬菜)"],
        ["aspect", "n.(问题等的)方面；面貌，外表"],
        ["aspen", "n.白杨"],
        ["asperity", "n.严酷；粗鲁"],
        ["aspersion", "n.诽谤，中伤"],
        ["asphyxiate", "v.(使)无法呼吸，窒息而死"],
        ["aspirant", "n.有抱负者"],
        ["aspiration", "n.抱负，热望"],
        ["aspire", "v.向往，有志于"],
        ["assail", "v.抨击；猛攻"],
        ["assault", "n.突然袭击；猛袭"],
        ["assay", "v./n.试验，测定"],
        ["assemble", "v.集合，聚集"],
        ["assent", "v.同意，赞成"],
        ["assert", "v.断言，主张"],
        ["assertive", "a.过分自信的；有进取心的"],
        ["assertiveness", "n.过分自信"],
        ["assess", "v.确定，评定；估计…的质量"],
        ["assessment", "n.估计，评价"],
        ["asset", "n.财产；可取之处"],
        ["assiduous", "a.勤勉的；专心的"],
        ["assimilate", "v.同化；吸收"],
        ["associate", "a.联合的；n.合伙人；v.将人或事物联系起来"],
        ["assorted", "a.混杂的"],
        ["assuage", "v.缓和，减轻"],
        ["assume", "v.假定"],
        ["assumption", "n.设想；夺取"],
        ["assure", "v.向某人保证，确信"],
        ["assured", "a.自信的；确定的"],
        ["asterisk", "n.星号"],
        ["asteroid", "n.小行星"],
        ["asthma", "n.哮喘症"],
        ["astound", "v.使震惊"],
        ["astray", "a.迷路的，误入歧途的"],
        ["astringent", "a.止血的，收缩的；n.收缩剂，止血剂"],
        ["astrolabe", "n.星盘(古代星位观测仪)"],
        ["astrology", "n.占星术；占星学"],
        ["astronomical", "a.庞大的"],
        ["astute", "a.机敏的，精明的"],
        ["asunder", "a./adv.分离的；化为碎片"],
        ["asylum", "n.避难所，庇护所"],
        ["asymmetric", "a.不对称的"],
        ["athletics", "n.运动，体育"],
        ["atonal", "a.(音乐)无调的"],
        ["atrocious", "a.残忍的，凶恶的"],
        ["atrocity", "n.残暴，暴行"],
        ["atrophy", "n.萎缩，衰退"],
        ["attach", "v.将某物系在(另一物)上"],
        ["attain", "v.达到，实现"],
        ["attainment", "n.成就"],
        ["attenuate", "v.变薄"],
        ["attest", "(to)v.证明"],
        ["attic", "n.阁楼，顶楼"],
        ["attorney", "n.律师"],
        ["attribute", "n.属性，品质；v.把…归于"],
        ["attune", "(to)v.使调和"],
        ["auction", "n.拍卖"],
        ["audacious", "a.大胆的；愚勇的"],
        ["audible", "a.听得见的"],
        ["audience", "n.听众，观众；读者"],
        ["audit", "v.审计，核对；旁听"],
        ["auditorium", "n.礼堂；观众席"],
        ["augment", "v.增大，增值"],
        ["augur", "n.占卜师；v.占卜"],
        ["augury", "n.预言，征兆，占卜"],
        ["august", "a.威严的，高贵的"],
        ["auspices", "n.资助，赞助"],
        ["auspicious", "a.幸运的；吉兆的"],
        ["austere", "a.朴素的"],
        ["austerity", "n.朴素，艰苦"],
        ["authentic", "a.真正的；法律证实的"],
        ["authenticity", "n.确实性，真实性"],
        ["authoritarian", "n.独裁主义者；极权主义者"],
        ["authorization", "n.授权，认可"],
        ["autobiography", "n.自传"],
        ["autocracy", "n.独裁政府"],
        ["autocrat", "n.独裁者"],
        ["autonomous", "a.自治的"],
        ["autonomy", "n.自治，独立"],
        ["auxiliary", "a.辅助的，协助的"],
        ["available", "a.可用的，可得到的"],
        ["avalanche", "n.雪崩"],
        ["avant-garde", "n.(艺术)先锋派"],
        ["avarice", "n.贪财，贪婪"],
        ["avaricious", "a.贪婪的，贪心的"],
        ["avenge", "v.为…复仇，为…报仇"],
        ["aver", "v.极力声明；断言；确证"],
        ["averse", "a.不愿的，反对的"],
        ["aversion", "n.嫌恶，憎恨"],
        ["avert", "v.避免，防止"],
        ["aviary", "n.大鸟笼，鸟舍"],
        ["avid", "a.渴望的"],
        ["avoid", "v.避开，躲避"],
        ["avow", "v.承认；公开宣称"],
        ["awe", "n./v.敬畏"],
        ["awe-inspiring", "a.令人敬畏的"],
        ["awkward", "a.笨拙的；难用的；不便的"],
        ["awl", "n.(钻皮革的)尖钻"],
        ["awning", "n.遮阳蓬，雨蓬"],
        ["awry", "a.扭曲的，走样的"],
        ["axiom", "n.公理；定理"],
        ["axis", "n.轴(常为虚构之线，如地球轴)"],
        ["axle", "n.轮轴(连接两个车轮的轴)"],
        ["babble", "v.胡言乱语；牙牙学语；喋喋不休"],
        ["backdrop", "n.(事情的)背景，背景幕布"],
        ["backhanded", "a.间接的；反手击球的"],
        ["backset", "n.倒退"],
        ["bacteria", "n.细菌，培养基"],
        ["bacterium", "n.细菌"],
        ["badge", "n.徽章(如校徽等)"],
        ["badger", "n.獾；v.一再烦扰，一再要求"],
        ["badinage", "n.开玩笑，打趣"],
        ["bail", "n.保释金"],
        ["bait", "n.诱饵；v.逗弄；激怒"],
        ["bale", "n.大包裹；灾祸，不幸"],
        ["baleful", "a.邪恶的，恶意的"],
        ["balk", "n.大方木料；v.妨碍；(因困难等)不愿前进或从事某事"],
        ["ballad", "n.歌谣，小曲"],
        ["ballast", "n.(船等)压舱物"],
        ["ballerina", "n.芭蕾舞女演员"],
        ["balloon", "n.气球；v.快速增加"],
        ["ballot", "n./v.投票"],
        ["balm", "n.香油，药膏；镇痛剂"],
        ["balmy", "a.(气候)温和的；芳香的"],
        ["ban", "n.禁令"],
        ["banal", "a.陈腐的"],
        ["band", "n.带子；收音机波段"],
        ["bandage", "n.绷带；v.用绷带包扎"],
        ["bane", "n.祸根"],
        ["banish", "v.放逐某人"],
        ["banister", "n.(楼梯的)栏杆"],
        ["bankrupt", "a.破产的"],
        ["banquet", "n.宴会，盛宴"],
        ["banter", "n.打趣，玩笑"],
        ["bar", "v.禁止，阻挡；n.条，棒"],
        ["barb", "n.(鱼钩的)倒钩；严厉的批评"],
        ["barbarous", "a.野蛮的；残暴的"],
        ["barbecue", "n.烤肉架；烤肉"],
        ["bard", "n.吟游诗人"],
        ["bare", "v.暴露；a.赤裸的"],
        ["barefaced", "a.厚颜无耻的，公然的"],
        ["bargain", "n.交易; 物美价廉的东西；v.讨价还价"],
        ["barge", "n.平底货船，驳船"],
        ["bark", "v./n.狗吠；n.树皮"],
        ["barn", "n.谷仓，牲口棚"],
        ["barometer", "n.气压计；晴雨表"],
        ["baroque", "n./a.(艺术、建筑等)过分雕琢(的)"],
        ["barrage", "n.弹幕"],
        ["barren", "a.不育的；贫瘠的；不结果实的"],
        ["barricade", "v.设栅阻挡；n.栅栏"],
        ["barrier", "n.路障；障碍"],
        ["barter", "v.易货贸易"],
        ["base", "a.卑鄙的"],
        ["bask", "v.晒太阳，取暖"],
        ["baste", "v.倒油脂于(烤肉上，以防烤干)"],
        ["batch", "n.一批，一炉"],
        ["bathetic", "a.假作悲伤的；陈腐的"],
        ["baton", "n.指挥棒(指挥家用)；警棍"],
        ["battalion", "n.军营，军队"],
        ["bauxite", "n.铝土岩(产铝的矿土、石)"],
        ["bawdy", "a.淫猥的，好色的"],
        ["bazaar", "n.集市，商店集中区"],
        ["beacon", "n.烽火；灯塔"],
        ["beam", "n.(房屋等)大梁；光线"],
        ["bearing", "n.关系，意义；方位"],
        ["beat", "v.心跳；搅拌"],
        ["bedeck", "v.装饰，修饰"],
        ["bedlam", "n.混乱，骚乱"],
        ["befuddlement", "n.迷惑不解"],
        ["begrudge", "v.吝啬，勉强给"],
        ["beholder", "n.目睹者，旁观者"],
        ["behoove", "v.理应，有义务"],
        ["belabor", "v.过分冗长地做或说；痛打"],
        ["belated", "a.来得太迟的"],
        ["beleaguer", "v.围攻；骚扰"],
        ["belie", "v.掩饰；证明为假"],
        ["belittle", "v.轻视，贬抑"],
        ["bellicose", "a.好战的，好斗的"],
        ["belligerence", "n.交战；好战性，斗争性"],
        ["bellwether", "n.领导者，领头羊"],
        ["bench", "n.法官席；长凳"],
        ["bend", "v.弯曲；屈服"],
        ["benediction", "n.祝福；祈祷"],
        ["benefactor", "n.行善者，捐助者"],
        ["benevolent", "a.善心的，仁心的"],
        ["benign", "a.慈祥的"],
        ["benison", "n.祝福，赐福"],
        ["bent", "n.特长，爱好；a.弯曲的"],
        ["bequeath", ". 遗赠"],
        ["bequest", "n.遗产，遗赠物"],
        ["berate", "v.猛烈责骂"],
        ["bereft", "a.被剥夺的；缺少的"],
        ["beset", "v.镶嵌；困扰"],
        ["besiege", "v.围攻，困扰"],
        ["besmirch", "v.诽谤"],
        ["bestial", "a.野兽的，残忍的"],
        ["bestow", "v.给予，赐赠"],
        ["betray", "v.背叛；暴露"],
        ["betroth", "v.许配，和…订婚"],
        ["beverage", "n.饮料"],
        ["bewilder", "v.迷惑，混乱"],
        ["bewildering", "a.令人迷惑的；费解的"],
        ["bibliography", "n.文献学；参考书目"],
        ["bibliophile", "n.爱书者，藏书家"],
        ["bicker", "v.为小事争吵"],
        ["bid", "v.命令；出价，投标"],
        ["bifurcate", "v.分为两支，分叉"],
        ["bigot", "n.(宗教、政治等的)盲信者；心胸狭窄者"],
        ["bile", "n.胆汁"],
        ["bilingual", "a.(说)两种语言的"],
        ["bilk", "v.躲债；骗取"],
        ["billowy", "a.如波浪般翻滚的"],
        ["bin", "n.大箱子"],
        ["biosphere", "n.生命层，生物圈"],
        ["biped", "n.二足动物"],
        ["bit", "n.钻头"],
        ["bizarre", "a.奇异的，古怪的"],
        ["blade", "n.刀锋，刀口"],
        ["blanch", "v.使变白；使(脸色)变苍白"],
        ["bland", "a.(人)情绪平稳的；(食物)无味的"],
        ["blandishment", "n.奉承，甘言劝诱"],
        ["blasphemy", "n.亵渎，渎神"],
        ["blast", ">n.一阵(大风)；冲击波；v.爆破；枯萎"],
        ["blatant", "a.厚颜无耻的；显眼的；炫耀的"],
        ["blazon", "n.纹章，装饰；v.精确描绘"],
        ["bleach", "v.漂白"],
        ["bleak", "a.寒冷的；阴沉的；阴郁的，暗淡的"],
        ["blemish", "v.损害；玷污；n.瑕疵，缺点"],
        ["blight", "n.植物枯萎病；v.使…枯萎"],
        ["blighted", "a.枯萎的；衰老的"],
        ["bliss", "n.狂喜；福佑，天赐的福"],
        ["blissful", "a.极幸福的"],
        ["blithe", "a.快乐的，无忧无虑的"],
        ["blizzard", "n.暴风雪"],
        ["blockade", "v./n.封锁"],
        ["blockage", "n.障碍物"],
        ["blooming", "a.有花的；精力旺盛的"],
        ["blotch", "n.(皮肤上的)红斑点；(墨水等)大斑点"],
        ["blowhard", "n.自吹自擂者"],
        ["blue", "a.忧伤的，沮丧的"],
        ["blueprint", "n.蓝图；方案"],
        ["blunder", "v.犯大错；笨拙地做；n.愚蠢之举"],
        ["blunt", "a.钝的；直率的；v.变钝"],
        ["blur", "n.模糊不清的事物；v.使…模糊"],
        ["blurb", "n.简介；印在书籍封套上的推荐广告"],
        ["blurt", "v.脱口而出"],
        ["blush", "v.因某事物脸红；n.因羞愧等脸上泛出的红晕"],
        ["bluster", "v.(指风)猛刮"],
        ["blustering", "a.大吵大闹的"],
        ["boast", "v./n.自夸"],
        ["bodyguard", "n.保镖，侍卫"],
        ["bog", "n.沼泽；v.使…陷入泥沼"],
        ["boggle", "v.畏缩不前；使退缩"],
        ["bogus", "a.假装的，假的"],
        ["boisterous", "a.喧闹的；猛烈的"],
        ["bolster", "n.枕垫；v.支持，鼓励"],
        ["bolt", "v.急逃(to dash out; dart)；螺栓，门栓"],
        ["bombast", "n.高调，夸大之辞"],
        ["bombastic", "a.夸夸其谈的"],
        ["bondage", "n.奴役，束缚"],
        ["bonnet", "n.圆帽，扁平软帽"],
        ["boom", "n.繁荣昌盛时期；v.发出深沉有回响的声音"],
        ["boon", "n.恩惠，天赐福利"],
        ["boor", "n.举止粗野的人；乡下人"],
        ["boost", "v.往上推；增加，提高"],
        ["bootless", "a.无益处的；无用的"],
        ["bore", "v.钻孔；使厌烦；n.孔；令人厌烦的人"],
        ["boredom", "n.厌烦；令人厌烦的事物"],
        ["boring", "a.无趣的，乏味的"],
        ["botany", "n.植物学"],
        ["boulder", "n.巨砾"],
        ["bouquet", "n.花束；芳香"],
        ["bourgeois", "a.中产阶级的；自私拜物的"],
        ["bout", "n.一回合，一阵"],
        ["boycott", "v.抵制(贸易)"],
        ["brace", "v.使稳固，架稳；n.支撑物"],
        ["bracelet", "n.手镯，臂镯"],
        ["bracing", "a.令人振奋的"],
        ["bracket", "n.托架，支架"],
        ["brag", "v.吹嘘"],
        ["braggadocio", "n.吹牛大王；大吹大擂"],
        ["braggart", "n.吹牛者"],
        ["braid", "n.穗子；发辫；v.编成辫子"],
        ["brake", "n.刹车；v.减速，阻止"],
        ["brand", "n.商标；烙印；v.在某事物上打烙印"],
        ["brandish", "v.(威胁性地)挥舞"],
        ["brash", "a.性急的；无礼的"],
        ["brassy", "a.厚脸皮的，无礼的"],
        ["brat", "n.孩子；顽童"],
        ["bravado", "n.故作勇敢，虚张声势"],
        ["bravura", ">n.华美乐段；a.华美的；显示技巧的"],
        ["brawl", "v./n.争吵，打架"],
        ["brazen", "a.厚脸皮的"],
        ["breach", "n.裂缝，缺口；v.打破，裂开；违背"],
        ["breadth", "n.宽度"],
        ["breed", "v.繁殖；教养；n.品种，种类"],
        ["bribe", "v.贿赂"],
        ["bricklayer", "n.砌砖盖房者，泥瓦匠"],
        ["bridle", "n.马笼头；v.抑制，控制"],
        ["brink", "n.(峭壁的)边沿，边缘"],
        ["brisk", "a.敏捷的，活泼的；清新健康的"],
        ["bristle", "n.短而硬的毛发；v.(毛)竖起；发怒"],
        ["brittle", "a.易碎的，脆弱的"],
        ["broach", "v.开瓶；提出(讨论)"],
        ["brochure", "n.小册子，说明书"],
        ["broker", "n.经纪人"],
        ["bromide", "n.平庸的人或话"],
        ["brood", "n.一窝幼鸟；v.孵蛋；冥想"],
        ["brook", "n.小河"],
        ["browbeat", "v.欺侮；吓唬"],
        ["bruise", "v.受伤，擦伤"],
        ["bruit", "v.散布(谣言)"],
        ["brunt", "n.主要冲击力或影响"],
        ["brusque", "a.唐突的，鲁莽的"],
        ["brutal", "a.残忍的；严酷的"],
        ["brute", "n./a.野兽(的)；残忍的(人)"],
        ["buck", "v.反对；n.雄鹿；雄兔"],
        ["bucket", ">n.圆桶"],
        ["bucolic", "a.乡村的；牧羊的"],
        ["bud", "n.芽；花蕾"],
        ["budge", "v.移动一点儿；改变立场"],
        ["budget", "n.预算"],
        ["buffoon", "n.演出时的丑角；粗俗而愚蠢的人"],
        ["bulb", "n.植物的球茎；灯泡"],
        ["bulge", "n./v.膨胀，鼓起"],
        ["bulk", "n.体积；数量；大多数；大身躯"],
        ["bully", "v.以强欺弱，威胁；n.欺负别人者"],
        ["bumptious", "a.傲慢的，自夸的"],
        ["bungle", "v.粗制滥造"],
        ["buoy", "n.浮标；救生圈；v.支持，鼓励"],
        ["buoyant", "a.有浮力的；快乐的"],
        ["bureaucracy", "n.官僚政治"],
        ["burgeon", "v.迅速成长，发展"],
        ["burial", "n.埋葬，埋藏"],
        ["burlesque", "n.讽刺或滑稽的戏剧"],
        ["burnish", "v.擦亮，磨光"],
        ["bust", "n.半身(雕)像"],
        ["butt", "v.用头抵撞，顶撞；n.粗大的一端；烟蒂"],
        ["buttress", "n.拱墙，拱壁；v.支持"],
        ["byline", "n.(列作者名字的)报刊文章首行"],
        ["byproduct", "n.副产品；副作用"],
        ["bystander", "n.旁观者"],
        ["Byzantine", "a.像迷宫似的；难变更的"],
        ["cabal", "n.政治阴谋小集团"],
        ["cabinet", "n.橱柜；内阁"],
        ["cache", "n.贮藏处；v.将…藏于"],
        ["cacophonous", "a.发音不和谐的，不协调的"],
        ["cacophony", "n.难听的声音"],
        ["cadet", "n.军校或警官学校的学生"],
        ["cadge", "v.乞讨；占便宜"],
        ["cajole", "v.(以甜言蜜语)哄骗"],
        ["calamity", "n.大灾祸，不幸之事"],
        ["calcium", "n.钙"],
        ["calculated", "a.蓄意的"],
        ["calculating", "a.深谋远虑的，精明的"],
        ["calculus", "n.微积分学；结石"],
        ["caldron", "n.(煮汤用的)大锅"],
        ["calibrate", "v.量…口径；校准"],
        ["calipers", "n.测径器，双脚规"],
        ["calligraphy", "n.书法"],
        ["callous", "a.结硬块的"],
        ["callow", "a.(鸟)未生羽毛的；(人)未成熟的"],
        ["calorie", "n.卡路里；卡(热量单位)"],
        ["calumniate", "v.诽谤，中伤"],
        ["calumny", "n.诽谤，中伤"],
        ["cameo", "n.浮雕宝石；生动刻画；(演员)出演"],
        ["camouflage", "n./v.掩饰，伪装"],
        ["campaign", "n.战役；竞选活动"],
        ["canary", "n.金丝雀；女歌星"],
        ["candid", "a.率直的"],
        ["candidacy", "n.候选人的资格"],
        ["candidate", "n.候选人；参加考试的人"],
        ["candor", "n.坦白，率直"],
        ["cane", "n.拐杖"],
        ["canine", "a.犬的，似犬的"],
        ["canny", "a.精明仔细的"],
        ["canon", "n.经典，真作"],
        ["canonical", "a.符合规定的；经典的"],
        ["canopy", "n.蚊帐，华盖"],
        ["cant", "n.斜坡，斜面；隐语，术语，黑话；v.使倾斜"],
        ["cantankerous", "a.脾气坏的，好争吵的"],
        ["canto", "n.(长诗的)篇"],
        ["canvas", "n.画布；帆布"],
        ["canvass", "v.细查；拉选票"],
        ["canyon", "n.峡谷"],
        ["cape", "n.披肩，短斗篷；海角"],
        ["capillary", "n.毛细血管"],
        ["capitulate", "v.(有条件地)投降"],
        ["caprice", "n.奇思怪想，变化无常，任性"],
        ["capricious", "a.变化无常的，任性的"],
        ["capsule", "n.荚；胶囊"],
        ["caption", "n.标题"],
        ["captious", "a.吹毛求疵的"],
        ["captivate", "v.迷惑，吸引"],
        ["capture", "v.俘获；夺取或赢得；n.战利品"],
        ["carafe", "n.玻璃瓶"],
        ["carapace", "n.(蟹或龟等的)甲壳"],
        ["carbohydrate", "n.碳水化合物"],
        ["carcinogen", "n.致癌物"],
        ["cardinal", "a.最重要的；n.红衣主教"],
        ["cardiologist", "n.心脏病专家"],
        ["caress", "n.爱抚，抚摸；v.爱抚或抚摸某人"],
        ["careworn", "a.受忧虑折磨的，饱经风霜的"],
        ["cargo", "n.(船、飞机等装载的)货物"],
        ["caricature", "n.讽刺画；滑稽模仿"],
        ["carnivorous", "a.肉食动物的"],
        ["carol", "n.赞美诗，颂歌；v.欢唱"],
        ["carouse", "n.狂饮寻乐"],
        ["carp", "n.鲤鱼；v.吹毛求疵"],
        ["carpenter", "n.木匠"],
        ["carrion", "n.腐肉"],
        ["cartographer", "n.绘制地图者"],
        ["cartoon", "n.漫画"],
        ["carve", "v.雕刻"],
        ["cast", "n.演员阵容；剧团；v.扔；铸造"],
        ["caste", "n.社会等级，等级"],
        ["castigate", "v.惩治，严责"],
        ["castigation", "n.惩罚，苛评"],
        ["casual", "a.偶然的"],
        ["casualty", "n.伤亡事故；伤亡者"],
        ["cataclysm", "n.剧变，灾难(常指大洪水或地震)"],
        ["catalog", "n.目录；系列"],
        ["catalyst", "n.催化剂；促使事情发展的因素"],
        ["catastrophe", "n.突如其来的大灾难"],
        ["categorical", "a.无条件的，绝对的；分类的"],
        ["category", "n.类别，范畴"],
        ["cater", "v.迎合；提供饮食及服务"],
        ["caterpillar", "n.毛毛虫，蝴蝶的幼虫"],
        ["catharsis", "n.宣泄，净化"],
        ["cathedral", "n.总教堂，主教堂"],
        ["catholic", "a.普遍的；广泛的；(人)宽厚的"],
        ["caucus", "n.政党高层会议"],
        ["caulk", "v.填塞(隙缝使不漏水)"],
        ["causal", "a.原因的，因果关系的"],
        ["caustic", "a.腐蚀性的；刻薄的；n.腐蚀剂"],
        ["cauterize", "v.(用腐蚀性物质或烙铁)烧灼(表皮组织)以消毒或止血"],
        ["cavalier", ">n.骑士，武士"],
        ["cavalry", "n.骑兵部队，装甲部队"],
        ["caveat", "n.警告，告诫"],
        ["cavern", "n.大洞穴"],
        ["cavil", "v.挑毛病，吹毛求疵"],
        ["cavity", "n.(牙齿等的)洞，腔"],
        ["cavort", "v.腾越，欢跃"],
        ["cede", "v.割让(土地权利)，放弃"],
        ["celebrated", "a.有名的，知名的"],
        ["celebrity", "n.名声；知名人士"],
        ["celestial", "a.天体的，天上的"],
        ["cellar", "n.地下室；酒窖"],
        ["cello", "n.大提琴"],
        ["cement", "n.水泥；胶粘剂；v.粘合，巩固"],
        ["censor", "v.审查，检查(书报)"],
        ["census", "n.人口统计"],
        ["centaur", "n.人头马怪物"],
        ["centigrade", "a.百分度的，摄氏温度计的"],
        ["centralization", "n.集中；集权化"],
        ["centurion", "n.古罗马的百人队长"],
        ["ceramic", "n.陶瓷制品；a.陶器的"],
        ["ceramics", "n.制陶业)；陶器"],
        ["cereal", "n.谷类；谷类食品"],
        ["cerebral", "a.大脑的；深思的"],
        ["ceremonious", "a.仪式隆重的"],
        ["ceremony", "n.典礼，仪式"],
        ["certainty", "n.确定的事情"],
        ["certification", "n.证明"],
        ["certitude", "n.确定无疑"],
        ["cessation", "n.中止，(短暂的)停止"],
        ["cession", "n.割让，转让"],
        ["chafe", "v.摩擦生热；擦痛；激怒"],
        ["chaff", "n.谷物的皮壳，米糠"],
        ["chagrin", "v./n.失望，懊恼"],
        ["chalice", "n.大酒杯；圣餐杯"],
        ["chameleon", "n.变色龙，蜥蜴；善变之人"],
        ["champion", "n.冠军；斗士；拥护者；v.拥护"],
        ["championship", "n.冠军地位；锦标赛"],
        ["chancellor", "n.大臣，总理，首席法官，大学校长"],
        ["chandelier", "n.枝形吊灯(烛台)"],
        ["chant", "n.圣歌；v.歌唱或背诵"],
        ["chaos", "n.混乱"],
        ["chapel", "n.(附属于教堂或监狱等的)小教堂"],
        ["char", "v.烧焦；使…燃烧成焦炭"],
        ["characteristic", "a.有特色的；典型性的；n.与众不同的特征"],
        ["characterization", "n.描绘，刻画"],
        ["characterize", "v.描述或刻画…的特点"],
        ["charade", "n.用动作等表演文字意义的字谜游戏"],
        ["charisma", "n.(大众爱戴的)领袖气质；魅力"],
        ["charitable", "a.仁慈的；宽厚的"],
        ["charity", "n.仁慈；施舍"],
        ["charlatan", "n.江湖郎中，骗子"],
        ["charm", "n.魅力；咒语，咒符"],
        ["charter", "n.(公司)执照；宪章；v.包租车船"],
        ["chary", "a.小心的，审慎的"],
        ["chase", "v.雕镂；追捕"],
        ["chasm", "n.深渊，大沟；大差别"],
        ["chaste", "a.贞洁的；朴实的"],
        ["chastise", "v.严厉惩罚；谴责"],
        ["chauvinistic", "a.沙文主义的，过分爱国主义的"],
        ["check", "v.使突然停止，阻止"],
        ["chef", "n.厨师"],
        ["cherubic", "a.(尤指孩子)胖乎乎而天真无邪的"],
        ["chicanery", "n.诡计，狡诈"],
        ["chide", "v.叱责，指责"],
        ["chimera", "n.神话怪物；梦幻"],
        ["chip", "n.薄片，碎片；集成电路片"],
        ["chipmunk", "n.花栗鼠(像松鼠的美洲小动物)"],
        ["chisel", "n.凿子；v.凿；欺骗"],
        ["chivalrous", "a.武士精神的；对女人彬彬有礼的"],
        ["choice", "a.上等的；精选的"],
        ["choir", "n.(教堂的)歌唱队"],
        ["choke", "v.(使)窒息，阻塞"],
        ["choleric", "a.易怒的，暴躁的"],
        ["chord", "n.和弦，和音"],
        ["choreography", "n.舞蹈；舞蹈编排"],
        ["chorus", "n.合唱队，歌舞团"],
        ["chromatic", "a.彩色的，五彩的"],
        ["chromosome", "n.染色体"],
        ["chronic", "a.慢性的，长期的"],
        ["chrysanthemum", "n.菊，菊花"],
        ["chuckle", "v.轻声地笑"],
        ["churl", "n.粗鄙之人"],
        ["cinder", "n.余烬，矿渣"],
        ["cipher", "n.零；无影响力的人；密码"],
        ["circuit", "n.环行，环行道；线路；电路"],
        ["circuitous", "a.迂回的，绕圈子的"],
        ["circular", "a.圆形的"],
        ["circulate", "v.循环；流通；发行"],
        ["circulation", "n.循环，流通；发行额"],
        ["circumference", "n.周围；圆周；周长"],
        ["circumlocution", "n.迂回累赘的陈述"],
        ["circumscribe", "v.限制"],
        ["circumstantial", "a.不重要的，偶然的；描述详细的"],
        ["circumvent", "v.回避；用计谋战胜或规避"],
        ["cistern", "n.贮水池"],
        ["cite", "v.引用，引述"],
        ["civil", "a.国内的；公民的；文明的"],
        ["civilian", "n.平民"],
        ["civility", "n.彬彬有礼，斯文"],
        ["claim", "v.要求或索; 要n.声称拥有的权力"],
        ["clairvoyance", "n.超人的洞察力"],
        ["clam", "n.蛤蜊，蛤肉；守秘密之人"],
        ["clamor", "v./n.吵闹，喧哗"],
        ["clamp", "n.钳子；v.钳紧"],
        ["clandestine", "a.秘密的，暗中从事的"],
        ["clannish", "a.排他的，门户之见的"],
        ["clarify", "v.澄清"],
        ["clarion", "a.声音高而清晰的；n.尖音小号声；尖音小号"],
        ["clarity", "n.清楚"],
        ["clash", "v.冲突，撞击"],
        ["clasp", "n.钩子，扣子；紧握"],
        ["classify", "v.分类，归类"],
        ["clause", "n.从句；(法律等)条款"],
        ["clay", "n.黏土"],
        ["cleavage", "n.裂缝；分裂"],
        ["cleave", "v.劈开；分裂"],
        ["cleaver", "n.切肉刀"],
        ["cleft", "n.裂缝；a.劈开的"],
        ["clemency", "n.温和；仁慈，宽厚"],
        ["clement", "a.仁慈的；温和的"],
        ["clientele", "n.(医生、律师的)顾客，(商店的)常客"],
        ["climax", "n.顶点，高潮"],
        ["clinch", "v.钉牢；彻底解决"],
        ["cling", "v.紧抓住；舍不得放弃"],
        ["clinical", "a.临床的；冷静客观的"],
        ["clip", "n.夹子，别针；v.修剪"],
        ["clipper", "n.大剪刀；快速帆船"],
        ["clique", "n.朋党派系，小集团"],
        ["clog", "n.障碍; v.阻塞"],
        ["cloister", "n.修道院"],
        ["closet", "n.壁橱；a.秘密的"],
        ["clot", "n.凝块；v.使凝结成块"],
        ["cloture", "n.辩论的终结"],
        ["cloudburst", "n.大暴雨，豪雨"],
        ["clout", "n.用手猛击；权力，影响力"],
        ["clown", "n.小丑；v.扮小丑"],
        ["cloying", "a.甜得发腻的"],
        ["clumsy", "a.笨拙的；拙劣的"],
        ["cluster", "n.串，束，群；v.成群，成串"],
        ["coagulant", "n.凝结剂；凝血剂"],
        ["coagulate", "v.使凝结"],
        ["coagulation", "n.凝固"],
        ["coalesce", "v.联合，合并"],
        ["coalition", "n.结合，联合"],
        ["coarse", "a.粗糙的；低劣的；粗俗的"],
        ["coarsen", "v.使某物变粗糙"],
        ["coax", "v.哄诱，巧言诱哄"],
        ["cob", "n.玉米棒子；雄天鹅"],
        ["cobbler", "n.补鞋匠"],
        ["cocoon", "n.茧"],
        ["coda", "n.乐曲的尾声"],
        ["coddle", "v.溺爱；悉心照料"],
        ["code", "n.密码；法典；v.将某事物编写成密码"],
        ["codify", "v.将法律、规则等编成法典"],
        ["coerce", "v.强迫；压制"],
        ["coercion", "n.强制，高压统治"],
        ["coeval", "a.同年代的"],
        ["cogent", "a.有说服力的"],
        ["cogitate", "v.慎重思考，思索"],
        ["cognizance", "n.认识，察识，知识"],
        ["cognizant", "a.知道的，认识的"],
        ["cohabit", "v.共栖"],
        ["coherent", "a.连贯的，一致的"],
        ["cohesion", "n.内聚力；凝聚力"],
        ["cohesive", "a.凝聚的"],
        ["coincide", "v.巧合；一致"],
        ["colander", "n.滤器，漏勺"],
        ["cold-blooded", "a.[生]冷血的；残酷的"],
        ["collaborate", "v.合作，协作；通敌"],
        ["collage", "n.拼贴画"],
        ["collapse", "v.坍塌，塌陷;虚脱，晕倒"],
        ["collar", "n.衣领；戴在动物颈部的项圈"],
        ["collate", "v.对照，核对"],
        ["collateral", "a.平行的；旁系的；n.担保品"],
        ["collected", "a.泰然自若的"],
        ["collection", "n.收藏品"],
        ["collision", "n.碰撞，冲突"],
        ["colloquial", "a.口语的，口头的"],
        ["colloquium", "n.学术讨论会"],
        ["collude", "v.串通，共谋"],
        ["colon", "n.冒号"],
        ["colonize", "v.建立殖民地"],
        ["colonnade", "n.柱廊"],
        ["colony", "n.菌群；殖民地"],
        ["coloration", "n.着色法，染色法；颜色，色泽"],
        ["colossal", "a.巨大的，庞大的"],
        ["colossus", "n.巨人；巨型雕像"],
        ["coltish", "a.似小马的；不受拘束的"],
        ["coma", "n.昏迷状态"],
        ["comatose", "a.昏迷的"],
        ["combat", "n./v.格斗，搏斗"],
        ["combustible", "a.易燃的；易激动的"],
        ["comedienne", "n.说笑话、演滑稽剧等的女演员"],
        ["comely", "a.动人的，美丽的"],
        ["comic", "a.可笑的；喜剧的；n.喜剧演员"],
        ["comity", "n.礼让，礼仪"],
        ["comma", "n.逗号"],
        ["commemorate", "v.纪念(伟人、大事件等)"],
        ["commence", "v.开始，倡导"],
        ["commencement", "n.开始；(大学的)毕业典礼"],
        ["commensurate", "a.同样大小的；相称的"],
        ["commentary", "n.实况报道；(对书等的)集注"],
        ["commingle", "v.搀和，混合"],
        ["commission", "n.委托；佣金"],
        ["commit", "v.托付；承诺；犯罪"],
        ["committed", "a.(对事业，本职工作等)尽忠的"],
        ["commodious", "a.宽敞的"],
        ["commodity", "n.商品"],
        ["commonplace", "a.平常的"],
        ["commonsense", "a.具有常识的"],
        ["commonwealth", "n.共和国，联邦"],
        ["commotion", "n.骚动，动乱"],
        ["communal", "a.全体共用的，共享的"],
        ["commune", "n.公社；v.与某人亲密地交谈"],
        ["communicate", "v.传送信息，沟通"],
        ["commute", "v.交换；坐公交车上下班"],
        ["compact", "a.结实的；简洁的；n.合同，协议"],
        ["companion", "n.同伴，同伙；受雇的陪伴人"],
        ["comparison", "n.比较，对照；比喻"],
        ["compartment", "n.隔间，车厢"],
        ["compass", "n.指南针，罗盘；界限，范围"],
        ["compassion", "n.同情，怜悯"],
        ["compassionate", "a.有同情心的"],
        ["compatible", "a.和谐共处的，相容的"],
        ["compatriot", "n.同胞，同国人"],
        ["compel", "v.强迫"],
        ["compelling", "a.引起兴趣的"],
        ["compendium", "n.简要，概略"],
        ["compensate", "v.补偿，赔偿"],
        ["compensatory", "a.补偿性的，报酬的"],
        ["compete", "v.竞争，对抗"],
        ["competence", "n.胜任，能力"],
        ["compile", "v.汇集；编辑"],
        ["complacency", "n.满足，安心"],
        ["complacent", "a.自满的，得意的"],
        ["complaisance", "n.彬彬有礼，殷勤，柔顺"],
        ["complaisant", "a.顺从的，讨好的"],
        ["complementary", "a.互补的"],
        ["compliance", "n.顺从，遵从"],
        ["compliant", "a.服从的，顺从的"],
        ["complicate", "v.使某事复杂化"],
        ["compliment", "n./v.恭维，称赞"],
        ["comply", "v.遵循，顺从"],
        ["component", "n.成分，零部件"],
        ["compose", "v.写，创作；组成"],
        ["composed", "a.镇定的，沉着的"],
        ["composer", "n.作曲家"],
        ["compost", "n.混合肥料"],
        ["composure", "n.镇静，沉着；自若"],
        ["compound", "n.复合物；v.搀和"],
        ["comprehend", "v.理解；包括"],
        ["comprehensible", "a.能充分理解的"],
        ["comprehensive", "a.全面的，综合的"],
        ["compress", "v.压缩，浓缩"],
        ["compromise", "v.妥协；危害"],
        ["compulsion", "n.强迫；难以抗拒的冲动"],
        ["compunction", "n.懊悔，良心不安"],
        ["concatenate", "v.连结；连锁"],
        ["concave", "a.凹的"],
        ["conceal", "v.隐藏，隐瞒"],
        ["concede", "v.承认(为正确)；让步"],
        ["conceit", "n.自负，自大"],
        ["conceive", "v.想像，构想；怀孕"],
        ["concentrate", "v.集中，浓缩"],
        ["conception", "n.概念；开始"],
        ["concerto", "n.协奏曲"],
        ["concession", "n.让步"],
        ["conciliate", "v.安抚，驯服"],
        ["conciliatory", "a.抚慰的，调和的"],
        ["concise", "a.简洁的"],
        ["conclave", "n.秘密会议"],
        ["conclusive", "a.最后的，结论的；确凿的，消除怀疑的"],
        ["concomitant", "a.伴随而来的"],
        ["concord", "n.和睦；公约"],
        ["concrete", "a.具体存在的；n.混凝土"],
        ["concur", "v.意见相同，一致"],
        ["concussion", "n.脑震荡；强烈震动"],
        ["condemn", "v.极力谴责；判刑"],
        ["condense", "v.浓缩"],
        ["condescend", "v.屈尊，俯就"],
        ["condescending", "a.谦逊的，故意屈尊的"],
        ["condone", "v.宽恕，原谅"],
        ["conducive", "a.有助于…的"],
        ["conduct", "n.品德，行为；v.领导，引导"],
        ["conduit", "n.渠道，引水道；水管"],
        ["cone", "n.松果；圆锥体"],
        ["confection", "n.甜食，糖果"],
        ["confederacy", "n.联盟或同盟"],
        ["confer", "v.讨论，商谈；赠予"],
        ["conference", "n.讨论会，协商会"],
        ["confess", "v.承认，供认"],
        ["confide", "v.信赖，倾诉"],
        ["confidence", "n.信任，自信，信心"],
        ["confidential", "a.机密的"],
        ["configuration", "n.结构，配置；轮廓"],
        ["confine", "v.限制，禁闭"],
        ["confirm", "v.证实，证明"],
        ["confiscate", "v.没收；充公"],
        ["conflagration", "n.建筑物或森林大火"],
        ["conflate", "v.合并"],
        ["conflict", "v./n.斗争，战斗；冲突，抵触"],
        ["conform", "(to)v.符合或遵守公认的规则"],
        ["conformist", "n.尊奉者，英国国教徒"],
        ["conformity", "n.一致，遵从；顺众"],
        ["confound", "v.使迷惑，搞混"],
        ["confront", "v.面临；对抗"],
        ["congeal", "v.冻结，凝固"],
        ["congenial", "a.意气相投的；性情好的"],
        ["congest", "v.使拥挤；充血"],
        ["conglomerate", "v.集聚成团"],
        ["congregate", "v.聚集，集合"],
        ["congruent", "a.全等的，一致的"],
        ["congruous", "a.一致的，符合的；[数]全等的"],
        ["conifer", "n.针叶树"],
        ["conjecture", "v./n.推测，臆测"],
        ["conjoin", "v.使结合"],
        ["conjunction", "n.联合；连词"],
        ["conjure", "v.恳求，祈求；变魔术，变戏法"],
        ["connive", "v.默许；纵容"],
        ["connoisseur", "n.鉴赏家，行家"],
        ["connotation", "n.言外之意，含蓄义"],
        ["conquer", "v.以武力征服"],
        ["conquest", "n.征服；战利品"],
        ["conscience", "n.良心，是非感"],
        ["conscientious", "a.尽责的；小心谨慎的"],
        ["conscript", "v.强行征兵，征召"],
        ["consensus", "n.意见一致"],
        ["consent", "v.同意，允许"],
        ["consequence", "n.结果；重要性；价值"],
        ["consequential", "a.傲慢的，自以为是的"],
        ["conservative", "a.保守的，守旧的"],
        ["conservatory", "n.温室；音乐学院"],
        ["conserve", "v.保全，保存"],
        ["considerable", "a.相当多的；值得考虑的"],
        ["consign", "v.托运；托人看管"],
        ["consistency", "n.一致性；坚实度，可靠性；不矛盾"],
        ["consistent", "a.前后一致的"],
        ["console", "v.安慰，抚慰"],
        ["consolidate", "v.巩固；(使)坚强；合并"],
        ["consolidation", "n.合并，巩固"],
        ["consonant", "a.调和的，一致的"],
        ["conspicuous", "a.显著的，显而易见的"],
        ["conspiracy", "n.共谋，阴谋"],
        ["conspire", "v.阴谋，共谋"],
        ["constant", "a.稳定的，不变的; n.常数"],
        ["constellation", "n.星座，星群"],
        ["consternation", "n.大为吃惊，惊骇"],
        ["constituent", "n.成分；选区内的选民"],
        ["constitute", "v.组成，构成；建立"],
        ["constitution", "n.宪法；体质"],
        ["constitutional", "a.章程的，法规的；素质上的，本质的"],
        ["constrain", "v.束缚，强迫；限制"],
        ["constrained", "a.束缚的，节制的"],
        ["constraint", "n.强制，强迫；对感情的压抑"],
        ["constrict", "v.压缩，收缩"],
        ["construct", "v.建筑，构成"],
        ["construe", "v.解释；翻译"],
        ["consul", "n.领事"],
        ["consummate", "a.完全的，完善的；v.完成"],
        ["contact", "n./v.接触；互通信息"],
        ["contagious", "a.传染的，有感染力的"],
        ["contain", "v.包含，含有；控制；阻止，遏制"],
        ["containment", "n.阻止，遏制"],
        ["contaminate", "v.使…受污染"],
        ["contemplate", "v.深思"],
        ["contempt", "轻视，鄙视"],
        ["contemptible", "a.令人轻视的"],
        ["contemptuous", "a.鄙视的，表示轻蔑的"],
        ["contend", "v.与对手竞争；据理力争"],
        ["content", "a.知足的，满意的；n.内容；满意"],
        ["contented", "a.心满意足的"],
        ["contention", "n.争论；论点"],
        ["contentious", "a.好辩的，善争吵的"],
        ["contest", "v.竞争；对…表示怀疑"],
        ["context", "n.(语句等的)上下文"],
        ["contiguous", "a.接壤的，接近的"],
        ["continent", "a.自制的；n.大陆"],
        ["contingent", "a.意外的；视情况或条件而定的"],
        ["continuation", "n.继续，延续"],
        ["contort", "v.(使)扭曲(deform)；曲解"],
        ["contraband", "n.违禁品，走私货"],
        ["contract", "n.合同；v.订合同；收缩"],
        ["contradict", "v.反驳，驳斥"],
        ["contradictory", "a.反驳的，反对的，抗辩的"],
        ["contrast", "v./n.对比"],
        ["contravene", "v.违背(法规，习俗等)"],
        ["contrite", "a.悔罪的，痛悔的"],
        ["contrition", "n.悔罪，痛悔"],
        ["contrive", "v.计划，设计"],
        ["contrived", "a.不自然的，做作的"],
        ["control", "n.实验对照组"],
        ["controversial", "a.引起或可能引起争论的"],
        ["controvert", "v.反驳，驳斥"],
        ["contumacious", "a.违抗的，不服从的"],
        ["conundrum", "n.(答案有双关意义的)谜语；难题"],
        ["convalesce", "v.(病)康复，复原"],
        ["convalescent", "a./n.康复中的(病人)"],
        ["convenience", "n.便利，有益；方便(的用具，机械等)"],
        ["conventional", "a.因循守旧的，传统的"],
        ["converge", "v.会聚，集中于一点"],
        ["convergent", "a.会聚的"],
        ["conversant", "a.精通的，熟知的"],
        ["converse", "v.谈话；a.逆向的n.相反的事物"],
        ["convert", "v.使改变(信仰等)；n.改变信仰的人"],
        ["convertible", "a.可转换的；n.敞篷车"],
        ["convex", "a.凸出的"],
        ["convey", "v.运载，运送；表达"],
        ["convict", "v.定罪；n.罪犯"],
        ["conviction", "n.判罪；坚信"],
        ["convince", "v.使某人确信；说服"],
        ["convivial", "a.欢乐的，狂欢的"],
        ["conviviality", "n.欢乐；交游"],
        ["convoke", "v.召集"],
        ["convoluted", "a.旋绕的；费解的"],
        ["convulse", "v.使震动，震惊"],
        ["convulsion", "n.骚动；痉挛"],
        ["coop", "n.(鸡)笼，栏"],
        ["cooperate", "v.与他人合作"],
        ["cooperative", "a.联营的，合作的；愿意协助的"],
        ["coordinate", "n.同等物，坐标；v.使各部分协调; a.同等的"],
        ["copious", "a.丰富的，多产的"],
        ["cord", "n.考得(木材堆的体积单位，等于128立方英尺，3.6246立方米)；绳索"],
        ["core", "n.果心；核心)；v.去掉某物的中心部分"],
        ["cornucopia", "n.象征丰收的羊角(羊角装饰器内装满花、果、谷物等以示富饶)"],
        ["coronation", "n.加冕"],
        ["corporate", "a.团体的；共同的"],
        ["corporeal", "a.肉体的，身体的；物质的"],
        ["corpuscle", "n.血球，细胞"],
        ["corral", "n.(牛、马等)畜栏"],
        ["correspondent", "a.符合的；n.记者"],
        ["corroborate", "v.支持或证实；强化"],
        ["corrode", "v.腐蚀，侵蚀"],
        ["corrosive", "a.腐蚀性的，腐蚀的，蚀坏的"],
        ["corrugate", "v.(使)起波浪形，起皱纹"],
        ["corrugated", "a.起皱纹的"],
        ["corrupt", "a.堕落的，腐败的；文体有错误的"],
        ["cosmic", "a.宇宙的"],
        ["cosmopolitan", "n.世界主义者，四海为家的人"],
        ["cosmopolitanism", "n.世界性，世界主义"],
        ["cosmos", "n.宇宙"],
        ["cosset", "v.宠爱，溺爱"],
        ["costume", "n.服装；剧装"],
        ["coterie", "n.(有共同兴趣的)小团体"],
        ["coterminous", "a.毗连的，有共同边界的"],
        ["cougar", "n.美洲豹"],
        ["countenance", "v.支持，赞成；容忍；n.表情"],
        ["counteract", "v.消除，抵消"],
        ["counterbalance", "v.起平衡作用"],
        ["counterfeit", "v.伪造，仿造"],
        ["countermand", "v.撤回(命令)，取消(订货)"],
        ["counterpart", "n.相对应或具有相同功能的人或物"],
        ["counterproductive", "a.事与愿违的"],
        ["coup", "n.意外而成功的行动"],
        ["court", "n.法庭，法院；宫廷，朝廷；v.献殷勤；追求"],
        ["covenant", "n.契约；v.立书保证"],
        ["covert", "a.秘密的，隐密的"],
        ["covet", "v.贪求，妄想"],
        ["cow", "v.威胁"],
        ["coward", "n.胆小鬼"],
        ["cower", "v.畏缩，蜷缩"],
        ["coy", "a.腼腆的，忸怩的"],
        ["cozen", "v.欺骗, 哄骗"],
        ["crab", "n.蟹，螃蟹；v.抱怨，发脾气"],
        ["crabbed", "a.暴躁的"],
        ["crack", "n.爆裂声；裂缝；v.裂开；破解，破译"],
        ["craft", "n.行业；手艺"],
        ["cram", "v.填塞，塞满；临时抱佛脚，为考试而学习"],
        ["cramp", "n.铁箍，夹子；v.把…箍紧"],
        ["cranky", "a.怪癖的，任性的；不稳的"],
        ["crass", "a.愚钝的，粗糙的"],
        ["crate", "n.篓，板条箱"],
        ["crater", "n.火山口；弹坑"],
        ["cravat", "n.领巾，领结"],
        ["craven", "a.懦弱的，畏缩的"],
        ["craving", "n.强烈的愿望"],
        ["crayon", ">n.彩色腊笔、粉笔或其绘画"],
        ["crease", "n.折缝，皱痕"],
        ["credence", "n.相信，信任"],
        ["credible", "a.可信的，可靠的"],
        ["credit", "n.赊购；信任；(电影)片头字幕"],
        ["credulous", "a.轻信的，易信的"],
        ["creek", "n.小湾，小溪"],
        ["creep", "v.匍匐前进；悄悄地移动"],
        ["crescendo", "n.(音乐)渐强，高潮"],
        ["crest", "n.山顶，浪尖；羽冠"],
        ["crestfallen", "a.挫败的，失望的"],
        ["cringe", "v.畏缩；谄媚"],
        ["cringing", "n./a.谄媚(的)，奉承(的)"],
        ["criteria", "n.评判标准"],
        ["criterion", "n.评判的标准，尺度"],
        ["critic", "n.批评者"],
        ["critical", "a.挑毛病的；关键的，危急的"],
        ["critique", "n.批评性的分析"],
        ["croak", "n.蛙鸣声；v.发牢骚，抱怨"],
        ["crochet", "n.钩针织物；v.用钩针编织"],
        ["crockery", "n.陶器，瓦器"],
        ["cronyism", "n.任人唯亲；对好朋友的偏袒"],
        ["crook", "v.使弯曲；n.钩状物"],
        ["cross", "a.生气的"],
        ["crouch", "v.蹲伏，弯腰"],
        ["crown", "v.加冕，使成王，居…之顶"],
        ["crucial", "a.决定性的"],
        ["crudity", "n.粗糙，生硬"],
        ["crumb", "n.饼屑，面包屑；碎裂的东西"],
        ["crumble", "v.弄碎；崩毁"],
        ["crumple", "v.弄皱；破裂"],
        ["crusade", "n.维护理想、原则而进行的运动或斗争"],
        ["crust", "n.硬的表面；(一片)面包片；地壳"],
        ["crutch", "n.拐杖；v.支撑"],
        ["crux", "n.关键，症结所在"],
        ["cryogenic", "a.低温的，制冷的；低温学的"],
        ["cryptic", "a.秘密的，神秘的"],
        ["cub", "n.幼兽；年轻无经验的人"],
        ["cubicle", "n.大房间中隔出的小室"],
        ["cue", "v.暗示，提示；n.暗示，提示"],
        ["cuisine", "n.烹饪"],
        ["culinary", "a.厨房的；烹调的"],
        ["culmination", "n.顶点；结果"],
        ["culpable", "a.有罪的，该受谴责的"],
        ["cult", "n.宗派；崇拜"],
        ["cultivate", "v.种植；向…讨好"],
        ["cultivated", "a.耕种的，栽植的；有修养的"],
        ["cumbersome", "a.笨重的"],
        ["cumulus", "n.积云"],
        ["cunning", "a.善于骗人的；灵巧的；n.欺诈行为"],
        ["cupidity", "n.贪婪"],
        ["curator", "n.(博物馆等)馆长"],
        ["curb", "n.路缘，(街道的)镶边石；马勒；v.控制"],
        ["curdle", "v.使凝结，变稠"],
        ["curmudgeon", "n.脾气暴躁之人"],
        ["curriculum", "n.(全部的)课程"],
        ["cursory", "a.粗略的，草率的"],
        ["curt", "a.(言词、行为)简略而草率的"],
        ["curtail", "v.削减，缩短"],
        ["cushion", "n.坐垫；v.缓冲"],
        ["custodian", "n.管理员，监护人"],
        ["custody", "n.监管，保管"],
        ["customary", "a.合乎习俗的"],
        ["cuticle", "n.表皮"],
        ["cutlery", "n.(刀、叉、匙等)餐具"],
        ["cyclical", "a.循环的"],
        ["cyclone", "n.气旋，飓风"],
        ["cylinder", "n.圆柱"],
        ["cynic", "n.犬儒主义者，愤世嫉俗者"],
        ["cypress", "n.柏树"],
        ["cytology", "n.[生]细胞学"],
        ["dabble", "v.涉足，浅赏"],
        ["daft", "a.傻的"],
        ["dagger", "n.短剑，匕首"],
        ["daguerreotype", "n.(早期)银版照相"],
        ["dainty", "n.精美食品；a.娇美的；挑剔的"],
        ["dally", "v.闲荡，嬉戏"],
        ["damp", "v.减弱，制止振动；a.潮湿的"],
        ["damped", "a.减震的，压低(声音)的"],
        ["dampen", "v.(使)潮湿；使沮丧，泼凉水"],
        ["dandy", "n.花花公子，好打扮的人"],
        ["dapper", "a.整洁漂亮的；动作敏捷的"],
        ["dappled", "a.有斑点的，斑驳的"],
        ["daredevil", "a./n.胆大的(人)，冒失的(人)"],
        ["dart", "n.飞镖；v.急驰；投射"],
        ["daunt", "v.使胆怯，使畏缩"],
        ["dawdle", "v.闲荡，虚度"],
        ["deactivate", "v.使无效"],
        ["deaden", "v.减低某物的力量或强度"],
        ["deadlock", "n.相持不下，僵局"],
        ["deadpan", "a./n.无表情的(脸)"],
        ["dealing", "n.生意行为；作风"],
        ["dearth", "n.缺乏，短缺"],
        ["debacle", "n.解冻；崩溃"],
        ["debark", "v.下船，下飞机，下车，卸载"],
        ["debase", "v.贬低，贬损"],
        ["debate", "n.正式的辩论，讨论"],
        ["debilitate", "v.使衰弱"],
        ["debouch", "v.流出，进入(开阔地区)"],
        ["debrief", "v.向…询问情况，听取汇报"],
        ["debris", "n.废墟，残骸"],
        ["debunk", "v.揭穿真相，暴露"],
        ["debut", "n.初次登台，初次露面"],
        ["decadence", "n.衰落，颓废"],
        ["deceit", "n.欺骗，欺诈"],
        ["decency", "n.正派，端庄"],
        ["decent", "a.适当的，可接受的；得体的"],
        ["deception", "n.欺骗手段"],
        ["decibel", "n.分贝(音量的单位)"],
        ["deciduous", "a.非永久的；短暂的；脱落的；落叶的"],
        ["decimate", "v.毁掉大部分；大量杀死"],
        ["decipher", "v.解开(疑团)；破译(密码)"],
        ["declaim", "v.高谈阔论"],
        ["declamation", "n.雄辩，高调"],
        ["decline", "v.拒绝；变弱，变小；n.消减"],
        ["decode", "v.译解(密码)"],
        ["decompose", "v.(使)腐烂"],
        ["decomposition", "n.分解，腐烂，崩溃"],
        ["decorate", "v.装饰某事物"],
        ["decorum", "n.礼节，礼貌"],
        ["decrepit", "a.衰老的，破旧的"],
        ["decry", "v.责难；贬低(价值)"],
        ["dedication", "n.对某事业或目的的忠诚"],
        ["deduce", "v.演绎，推断"],
        ["deduct", "v.减去，扣除；演绎"],
        ["deductive", "a.推理的，演绎的"],
        ["deed", "n.行为；(土地或建筑物的)转让契约、证书"],
        ["deface", "v.损坏"],
        ["default", "v./n.拖债；未履行的责任"],
        ["defeatist", "n.失败主义者"],
        ["defect", "n.缺点，瑕疵；v.变节，脱党"],
        ["defendant", "n.被告"],
        ["defense", "n.防御，防护"],
        ["defer", "v.推延；听从"],
        ["deference", "n.敬意，尊重"],
        ["deferential", "a.顺从的，恭顺的"],
        ["defiance", "n.挑战，违抗，反抗"],
        ["deficiency", "n.缺陷；不足"],
        ["deficit", "n.不足，赤字"],
        ["defile", "v.弄污，弄脏；n.(山间)小道"],
        ["defined", "a.定义的；清晰的"],
        ["definite", "a.清楚的，明确的"],
        ["definition", "n.(轮廓等)清晰；定义"],
        ["definitive", "a.明确的，有权威的"],
        ["deflated", "a.灰心丧气的"],
        ["deflect", "v.偏离，转向"],
        ["defoliator", "n.落叶剂"],
        ["deforestation", "n.采伐森林"],
        ["defraud", "v.欺骗某人"],
        ["deft", "a.灵巧的，熟练的"],
        ["defuse", "v.从(爆破装置)中卸除引信；缓和紧张状态或危急局面"],
        ["defy", "v.违抗，藐视"],
        ["degradation", "n.降低身份，受辱"],
        ["dehydrate", "v.除去水分，脱水"],
        ["deify", "v.奉为神；崇拜"],
        ["deign", "v.屈尊，惠允(做某事)"],
        ["dejected", "a.沮丧的，失望的"],
        ["delectable", "a.赏心悦目的"],
        ["delegate", "n.代表；v.委派…为代表，授权"],
        ["deleterious", "a.(对身心)有害的，有毒的"],
        ["deliberate", "a.深思熟虑的，故意的；v.慎重考虑"],
        ["delicacy", "n.细嫩；精致，优雅"],
        ["delicate", "a.娇嫩的；精致的，优美的"],
        ["delimit", "v.定界，划界"],
        ["delineate", "v.描画"],
        ["delinquency", "n.失职，过失"],
        ["delinquent", "a.疏忽职务的"],
        ["delirious", "a.精神错乱的"],
        ["delirium", "n.精神错乱"],
        ["delta", "n.三角洲"],
        ["delude", "v.欺骗，哄骗"],
        ["deluge", "n.大洪水；暴雨"],
        ["delusion", "n.欺骗，幻想"],
        ["delve", "v.深入探究，钻研"],
        ["demagogue", "n.蛊惑民心的政客"],
        ["demand", "v.要求，苛求"],
        ["demanding", "a.苛刻的，过分要求的"],
        ["demean", "v.贬抑，降低"],
        ["demise", "n.死亡；财产转让"],
        ["demography", "n.人口统计，人口学"],
        ["demolish", "v.破坏；拆除"],
        ["demolition", "n.破坏，毁坏"],
        ["demonstrate", "v.证明，论证；示威"],
        ["demonstrative", "a.证明性的；喜怒形于色的"],
        ["demoralize", "v.使士气低落"],
        ["demote", "v.降级，降职"],
        ["demotic", "a.民众的，通俗的"],
        ["demur", "v.表示异议，反对"],
        ["demystify", "v.弄清楚"],
        ["den", "n.兽穴，窝"],
        ["denigrate", "v.污蔑，诽谤"],
        ["denim", "n.粗斜纹棉布"],
        ["denizen", "n.居民；外籍居民"],
        ["denomination", "n.命名；(长度，币值的)单位"],
        ["denote", "v.表示；指示意义"],
        ["denouement", "n.(小说的)结尾，结局"],
        ["denounce", "v.指责"],
        ["dent", "n.缺口，凹痕；v.弄凹"],
        ["denture", "n.假牙"],
        ["denude", "v.脱去；剥蚀；剥夺"],
        ["denunciation", "n.谴责，斥责"],
        ["depict", "v.描绘，描画"],
        ["deplete", "v.倒空；耗尽"],
        ["deplore", "v.悲悼，哀叹"],
        ["deport", "v.(将外国人、罪犯等)驱逐出境"],
        ["deportation", "n.驱逐出境"],
        ["depose", "v.免职；作证"],
        ["deposition", "n.免职；沉积；作证"],
        ["depraved", "a.堕落的，腐化的"],
        ["depravity", "n.堕落，恶习"],
        ["deprecate", "v.反对，轻视"],
        ["depreciate", "v.轻视；贬值"],
        ["depressed", "a.消沉的；凹陷的"],
        ["depression", "n.忧愁，消沉；数量减少"],
        ["deprivation", "n.剥夺；缺乏"],
        ["deputy", "n.代表；副警长"],
        ["deracinate", "v.根除，杜绝"],
        ["deranged", "a.精神错乱的，有精神病的"],
        ["derelict", "a.荒废的；玩忽职守的；n.被遗弃的人"],
        ["dereliction", "n.遗弃，弃置"],
        ["deride", "v.嘲弄，愚弄"],
        ["derivation", "n.发展，起源；词源"],
        ["derivative", "a.派生的；无创意的"],
        ["dermatologist", "n.皮肤病学家"],
        ["derogate", "v.贬低，诽谤"],
        ["derogatory", "a.不敬的，诽谤的"],
        ["descend", "v.下来，下降"],
        ["descendant", "n.后代，后裔"],
        ["descent", "n.降落；侵袭；血统"],
        ["descry", "v.远远看到，望见"],
        ["desecrate", "v.玷辱，亵渎"],
        ["desert", "v.放弃，离弃"],
        ["deserted", "a.荒芜的，无人的"],
        ["deserter", "n.背弃者，逃亡者"],
        ["desertion", "n.离弃，遗弃"],
        ["desiccate", "v.(使)完全干涸，脱水"],
        ["designation", "n.指定；名称，称呼"],
        ["designer", "n.设计者，构思者"],
        ["desirable", "a.值得要的"],
        ["desperate", "a.不顾死活的，拼命的"],
        ["despicable", "a.可鄙的，卑劣的"],
        ["despise", "v.鄙视，藐视"],
        ["despondent", "a.失望的，意气消沉的"],
        ["despot", "n.暴君"],
        ["despotic", "a.专横的，暴虐的"],
        ["despotism", "n.专制，暴政"],
        ["destitution", "n.匮乏，穷困"],
        ["desultory", "a.不连贯的，散漫的"],
        ["detach", "v.分离，分遣"],
        ["detached", "a.分开的；超然的"],
        ["detain", "v.拘留；使延迟"],
        ["detection", "n.查出，探获"],
        ["deter", "v.威慑，吓住；阻止"],
        ["detergent", "a.净化的；n.清洁剂"],
        ["deteriorate", "v.(使)变坏，恶化"],
        ["deterioration", "n.恶化，堕落"],
        ["determinant", "n.决定因素；a.决定性的"],
        ["determination", "n.决心；确定；预测"],
        ["detest", "v.深恶，憎恶"],
        ["detonation", "n.爆炸，爆炸声"],
        ["detour", "n.弯路；绕行之路"],
        ["detraction", "n.贬低，诽谤"],
        ["detrimental", "a.损害的，造成伤害的"],
        ["detritus", "n.碎屑；废墟"],
        ["devastate", "v.摧毁，破坏"],
        ["deviant", "a.越出常规的"],
        ["deviate", "v.越轨，脱离"],
        ["deviation", "n.背离"],
        ["devious", "a.不正直的；弯曲的"],
        ["devise", "v.发明，设计；图谋；遗赠给"],
        ["devoid", "a.空的，缺少的"],
        ["devoted", "a.投入的，热爱的"],
        ["devotee", "n.爱好者"],
        ["devotional", "a.献身的，崇拜的"],
        ["devour", "v.吞食；贪婪地享受"],
        ["devout", "a.虔敬的；忠诚的，忠心的"],
        ["dexterity", "n.纯熟，灵巧"],
        ["dexterous", "a.灵巧的，熟练的"],
        ["diabetes", "n.糖尿病"],
        ["diabolical", "a.恶毒的，狠毒的"],
        ["diagnose", "v.判断，诊断"],
        ["diagonal", "a.对角的；n.对角线"],
        ["diagram", "n.图解，图表"],
        ["dialect", "n.方言"],
        ["diameter", "n.直径"],
        ["diaphanous", "a.精致的，透明的"],
        ["diatribe", "n.(口头或书面猛烈的)抨击"],
        ["dictate", "v.口述；命令"],
        ["didactic", "a.教诲的；说教的"],
        ["die", "n.金属模子，印模"],
        ["diehard", "n.顽固分子"],
        ["differentiate", "v.辨别，区别"],
        ["diffident", "a.缺乏自信的"],
        ["diffuse", "v.散布，(光等)漫射；a.漫射的，散漫的"],
        ["digestion", "n.消化，吸收"],
        ["digit", "n.手指，足趾；数字，数码"],
        ["dignity", "n.尊严，尊贵"],
        ["digress", "v.离题"],
        ["digression", "n.离题，题外话"],
        ["dilapidate", "v.(使)荒废，(使)毁坏"],
        ["dilapidated", "a.破旧的，倒塌的"],
        ["dilate", "v.(身体某部位)张大，扩大"],
        ["dilatory", "a.慢吞吞的，磨蹭的"],
        ["dilemma", "n.困境，左右为难"],
        ["dilettante", "n.半瓶醋，业余爱好者"],
        ["diligence", "n.勤勉，勤奋"],
        ["dilute", "v.把(液体)弄稀，弄淡"],
        ["dim", "v.使暗淡，使模糊"],
        ["dimension", "n.维度，尺寸"],
        ["diminution", "n.减少，缩减"],
        ["dimple", "n.酒窝，笑靥"],
        ["din", "n.喧闹声，嘈杂声"],
        ["dingy", "a.肮脏的；褪色的"],
        ["diplomatic", "a.外交的；圆滑的"],
        ["dire", "a.可怕的"],
        ["dirge", "n.哀歌"],
        ["disabuse", "v.打消(某人的)错误念头；纠正"],
        ["disaffect", "v.使不满；使不忠"],
        ["disagreeable", "a.讨厌的；乖戾的"],
        ["disarm", "v.使…解除武器；使…缓和"],
        ["disarray", "n.混乱，漫无秩序"],
        ["disaster", "n.灾难，大不幸"],
        ["disbar", "v.取消律师资格"],
        ["disburse", "v.支付，支出"],
        ["discard", "v.扔掉，抛弃"],
        ["discern", "v.(费劲)识别，看出"],
        ["discernible", "a.可识别的，依稀可辨的"],
        ["discerning", "a.识别力强的"],
        ["discharge", "v.流出；释放；解雇；履行义务"],
        ["disciple", "n.信徒，弟子"],
        ["discipline", "v.训练，训导；n.纪律；惩罚，处分"],
        ["disclaim", "v.放弃权利；拒绝承认"],
        ["disclose", "v.使某物显露"],
        ["discography", "n.唱片分类目录；录音音乐研究"],
        ["discombobulate", "v.扰乱，使困惑"],
        ["discombobulated", "a.扰乱的，打乱的"],
        ["discomfit", "v.使懊恼；使难堪"],
        ["discomfited", "a.困惑的，尴尬的"],
        ["discomfiture", "n.狼狈，难堪"],
        ["discompose", "v.使失态，慌张"],
        ["disconcert", "v.使…尴尬"],
        ["discord", "n.不和，纷争"],
        ["discount", "n.折扣"],
        ["discourse", "n.演讲，论述"],
        ["discredit", "v.怀疑；n.丧失名誉"],
        ["discreet", "a.言行谨慎的"],
        ["discrepancy", "n.不同，矛盾"],
        ["discrete", "a.个别的；不连续的"],
        ["discretion", "n.谨慎，审慎"],
        ["discretionary", "a.自由决定的"],
        ["discriminate", "v.区分"],
        ["discriminatory", "a.歧视的，差别待遇的"],
        ["discursive", "a.散漫的，无层次的"],
        ["disdain", "n./v.轻视，鄙视"],
        ["disembodied", "a.无实体的，空洞的"],
        ["disenchant", "v.对…不再抱幻想，使清醒"],
        ["disengage", "v.脱离，解开"],
        ["disentangle", "v.解决，解脱，解开，澄清"],
        ["disfigure", "v.毁容"],
        ["disgorge", "v.呕出；(水)流走"],
        ["disgruntle", "v.使不满意"],
        ["disguise", "v.假扮；掩饰"],
        ["disgust", "n.反感，厌恶"],
        ["disillusion", "v.梦想破灭，醒悟"],
        ["disinfect", "v.杀菌，消毒"],
        ["disinfectant", "n.消毒剂"],
        ["disinter", "v.挖出，挖掘"],
        ["disinterested", "a.公正的，客观的"],
        ["disjunction", "n.分离，分裂"],
        ["disjunctive", "a.分离的，相反的"],
        ["dislocate", "v.使脱臼；把…弄乱"],
        ["dislodge", "v.逐出，取出"],
        ["dismal", "a.使人悲伤的，阴沉的"],
        ["dismantle", "v.拆除"],
        ["dismay", "n.沮丧，气馁；v.使气馁"],
        ["disparage", "v.贬抑，轻蔑"],
        ["disparate", "a.迥然不同的"],
        ["disparity", "n.不同，差异"],
        ["dispassionate", "a.平心静气的"],
        ["dispatch", "v.派遣；一下子做完；吃完；n.迅速"],
        ["dispel", "v.驱散，消除"],
        ["dispensable", "a.不必要的，可有可无的"],
        ["dispense", "v.分配，分发"],
        ["disperse", "v.消散，驱散"],
        ["displace", "v.换置；使某人某物离开原位"],
        ["disposable", "a.一次性使用的；可动用的"],
        ["disposal", "n.清除，处理"],
        ["dispose", "v.使倾向；处理掉"],
        ["disposed", "a.愿意的，想干的"],
        ["disposition", "n.处理；天性，气质"],
        ["disproof", "n.反证，反驳"],
        ["disprove", "v.证明…有误"],
        ["dispute", "v.争论"],
        ["disregard", "v./n.疏忽，漠视"],
        ["disrepute", "n.名声不好"],
        ["disrupt", "v.弄乱，扰乱"],
        ["disruptive", "a.制造混乱的"],
        ["dissect", "v.解剖"],
        ["dissemble", "v.隐藏，掩饰(感受、意图)"],
        ["disseminate", "v.散布，传播"],
        ["dissent", "v.不同意，持异议"],
        ["dissertation", "n.专题论文"],
        ["dissident", "n.唱反调者"],
        ["dissimulate", "v.隐藏，掩饰"],
        ["dissipate", "v.(使)驱散；浪费"],
        ["dissociation", "n.分离，脱离关系"],
        ["dissolute", "a.放荡的，无节制的"],
        ["dissolve", "v.使固体溶解"],
        ["dissonant", "a.不和谐的，不一致的"],
        ["dissuade", "v.劝阻，阻止"],
        ["distant", "a.疏远的，冷淡的"],
        ["distend", "v.(使)膨胀，胀大"],
        ["distension", "n.膨胀"],
        ["distill", "v.蒸馏"],
        ["distinct", "a.清楚的，明显的"],
        ["distinction", "n.区别，差别；知名"],
        ["distinctive", "a.出众的，有特色的"],
        ["distinguished", "a.著名的，卓越的"],
        ["distort", "v.扭曲，弄歪"],
        ["distract", "v.分心，转移；使发狂，困扰"],
        ["distracted", "a.心烦意乱的，精神不集中的"],
        ["distraught", "a.心神狂乱的"],
        ["distress", "n.痛苦，悲痛"],
        ["distribute", "v.分发，分配某事物"],
        ["district", "n.地区，行政区，（美国各州的）众议院选区"],
        ["ditty", "n.小曲，小调"],
        ["diurnal", "a.白昼的，白天的"],
        ["diva", "n.歌剧中的首席女主角"],
        ["diver", "n.潜水员"],
        ["diverge", "v.分歧，分开"],
        ["divergent", "a.分叉的，岔开的，背道而驰的"],
        ["diverse", "a.不同的；多样的"],
        ["diversity", "n.多样，千变万化"],
        ["divert", "v.使某事物转向；使娱乐"],
        ["divest", "v.卸下盛装；剥夺"],
        ["divestiture", "n.脱衣，卸下装饰；剥夺财产；取消称号"],
        ["divine", "v.推测，预言"],
        ["divulge", "v.泄露，透露"],
        ["docile", "a.驯服的，听话的"],
        ["doctrinaire", "n.空论家；a.教条的，迂腐的"],
        ["doctrine", "n.教义，主义；学说"],
        ["document", "v.为…提供书面证明"],
        ["dodder", "v.蹒跚，摇摆"],
        ["dodge", "v.闪开，躲避"],
        ["doff", "v.脱掉"],
        ["dogged", "a.顽强的"],
        ["doggerel", "n.歪诗，打油诗"],
        ["dogma", "n.教条，信条"],
        ["dogmatism", "n.教条主义，武断"],
        ["doldrums", "n.赤道无风带；情绪低落"],
        ["doleful", "a.忧愁的，消沉的"],
        ["dolorous", "a.悲哀的，忧愁的"],
        ["dolt", "n.傻瓜"],
        ["domain", "n.领土；领域"],
        ["dome", "n.圆顶屋"],
        ["domesticate", "v.驯养"],
        ["domicile", "n.住处，住所"],
        ["dominant", "a.显性的，优势的"],
        ["dominate", "v.控制，支配"],
        ["domination", "n.控制，支配，管辖"],
        ["donate", "v.捐赠，赠送"],
        ["donor", "n.捐赠者，赠送者；献血者"],
        ["doodle", "v.胡乱画；混时间"],
        ["dormancy", "n.休眠状态"],
        ["dormant", "a.冬眠的；静止的"],
        ["dorsal", "a.背部的"],
        ["dose", "n.剂量，一剂"],
        ["dossier", "n.卷宗，档案"],
        ["dote", "v.溺爱；昏聩"],
        ["doting", "a.溺爱的"],
        ["dour", "a.严厉的，脸色阴沉的"],
        ["douse", "v.把…浸入水中；熄灭"],
        ["down", "n.绒毛；汗毛"],
        ["downplay", "v.贬低，不予重视"],
        ["downpour", "n.暴雨"],
        ["down-to-earth", "n.脚踏实地的，实际的"],
        ["doyen", "n.老前辈"],
        ["drab", "a.枯黄色的；无聊的"],
        ["draconian", "a.严厉的，严酷的"],
        ["draft", "n.草稿，草案；汇票"],
        ["draftsmanship", "n.起草术，制图术"],
        ["drain", "v.排出沟外；喝光"],
        ["drainage", "n.排水；污水"],
        ["drastic", "a.猛烈的，激烈的"],
        ["drawbridge", "n.吊挢"],
        ["drawl", "v./n.慢吞吞地说话（态度）"],
        ["dreary", "a.沉闷的，乏味的"],
        ["dregs", "n.糟粕，沉淀废物"],
        ["drench", "v.使湿透"],
        ["drenched", "a.湿透的"],
        ["drill", "n.钻；钻床"],
        ["drivel", "n./v.说废话"],
        ["drizzle", "v.下毛毛雨；n.毛毛雨"],
        ["drizzly", "a.毛毛细雨的"],
        ["droll", "a.古怪的，好笑的"],
        ["drone", "v.嗡嗡地响，单调地说；n.单调的低音"],
        ["droop", "v.低垂；沮丧，萎靡"],
        ["droplet", "n.小水滴"],
        ["dross", "n.浮渣；糟粕"],
        ["drought", "n.干旱；干旱时期"],
        ["drove", "n.畜群；人群"],
        ["drudgery", "n.苦工，苦活"],
        ["dual", "a.双重的"],
        ["dubious", "a.可疑的；名声不大好的"],
        ["duckling", "n.雏鸭，小鸭"],
        ["duct", "n.管道，槽"],
        ["duel", "n.决斗"],
        ["duet", "n.二重唱"],
        ["dull", "a.不鲜明的；迟钝的；v.变迟钝"],
        ["dummy", "n.人体模型，假人"],
        ["dune", "n.沙丘"],
        ["dupe", "n.易上当的人"],
        ["duplicitous", "a.搞两面派的，奸诈的"],
        ["duplicity", "n.欺骗，口是心非"],
        ["duration", "n.持续的时间"],
        ["duress", "n.胁迫"],
        ["dutiful", "a.恭敬顺从的，尽职的"],
        ["dwarf", "n.侏儒；矮小的植物；v.使变矮小"],
        ["dwelling", "n.住处"],
        ["dwindle", "v.变小"],
        ["dynamic", "a.动态的；有活力的"],
        ["dynamo", "n.发电机"],
        ["dysfunctional", "a.功能失调的"],
        ["dyslexia", "n.阅读障碍"],
        ["dyspeptic", "a.消化不良的；不高兴的"],
        ["earnest", "a.认真的"],
        ["earplug", "n.耳塞"],
        ["earring", "n.耳环，耳饰"],
        ["earshot", "n.听力所及范围"],
        ["earsplitting", "a.震耳欲聋的"],
        ["earthly", "a.现世的，尘世的"],
        ["earthy", "a.粗俗的，粗陋的"],
        ["easel", "n.黑板，画架"],
        ["eavesdrop", "v.偷听，窃听"],
        ["ebb", "v.退潮；衰退"],
        ["ebullience", "n.兴冲冲，亢奋"],
        ["eccentric", "a.古怪的，反常的；n.古怪的人"],
        ["eclectic", "a.折衷的，综合性的"],
        ["eclecticism", "n.折衷主义"],
        ["ecologist", "n.生态学家，生态学者"],
        ["economical", "a.经济的，节约的"],
        ["ecstasy", "n.狂喜；激情状态"],
        ["ecstatic", "a.狂喜的，心花怒放的"],
        ["eddy", "n.漩涡，涡流"],
        ["edifice", "n.宏伟的建筑(如宫殿、教堂)"],
        ["edify", "v.陶冶，启发"],
        ["efface", "v.擦掉，抹去"],
        ["effervesce", "v.冒泡；热情洋溢"],
        ["effete", "a.无生产力；虚弱的"],
        ["efficacious", "a.有效的"],
        ["efficacy", "n.功效，有效性"],
        ["effluvia", "n.气味，恶臭；废料"],
        ["effrontery", "n.厚颜无耻"],
        ["effulgent", "a.灿烂的"],
        ["egalitarian", "a.主张人人平等的"],
        ["egocentric", "a.利己的"],
        ["egotist", "n.自私自利者"],
        ["egregious", "a.(缺点等)过分的，惊人的"],
        ["egress", "n.出去，出口"],
        ["elaborate", "a.精致的，复杂的；v.详尽地说明，阐明"],
        ["elaboration", "n.详细的细节，详尽阐述"],
        ["elated", "a.得意洋洋的，振奋的"],
        ["elbow", "n.肘"],
        ["elegy", "n.哀歌，挽歌"],
        ["elementary", "a.初级的"],
        ["elephantine", "a.笨拙的，庞大的"],
        ["elevate", "v.将…举起"],
        ["elicit", "v.引出，探出"],
        ["eligible", "a.合格的"],
        ["eliminate", "v.除去，淘汰"],
        ["elite", "n.精华，中坚"],
        ["ellipsis", "n.省略"],
        ["elliptical", "a.椭圆的；晦涩的；省略的"],
        ["elm", "n.榆树"],
        ["elocution", "n.演说术"],
        ["elongate", "v.延长，伸长"],
        ["eloquence", "n.雄辩，精彩演讲"],
        ["elucidate", "v.阐明，说明"],
        ["elude", "v.逃避；搞不清"],
        ["elusive", "a.难懂的"],
        ["emaciate", "v.使…瘦弱；消瘦"],
        ["emaciation", "n.消瘦，衰弱"],
        ["emanate", "v.散发，发出，发源"],
        ["emancipate", "v.解放，解除"],
        ["embargo", "n.禁运令，封港令"],
        ["embarrass", "v.使忸怩，使难堪"],
        ["embed", "v.牢牢插入，嵌于"],
        ["embellish", "v.装饰，润饰"],
        ["embezzlement", "n.贪污，盗用"],
        ["emblematic", "a.作为象征的"],
        ["embody", "v.(作品等)表达，体现"],
        ["embolden", "v.鼓励"],
        ["emboss", "v.加浮雕花纹于，使凸出"],
        ["embrace", "v.拥抱；包含"],
        ["embroider", "v.刺绣，修饰"],
        ["emend", "v.订正，校订"],
        ["emergency", "n.紧急事件"],
        ["emigrate", "v.自本国移居他国"],
        ["eminence", "n.卓越，杰出"],
        ["eminent", "a.著名的，显著的"],
        ["emissary", "n.密使；特使"],
        ["emit", "v.放射(光、热、味等)"],
        ["emollient", "n.润肤剂"],
        ["emote", "v.激动地表达感情"],
        ["empathy", "n.心意相通，(感情等)融为一体"],
        ["emphatic", "a.重视的，强调的"],
        ["empirical", "a.经验的，实证的"],
        ["empiricism", "n.经验主义"],
        ["empower", "v.授权给某人采取行动"],
        ["empyreal", "a.天空的"],
        ["emulate", "v.努力赶上或超越"],
        ["emulsify", "v.使乳化"],
        ["enact", "v.制定(法律)；扮演(角色)"],
        ["enamel", "n.珐琅，瓷釉"],
        ["enamored", "a.珍爱的，喜爱的"],
        ["encapsulate", "v.装入胶囊；压缩"],
        ["enchant", "v.使迷醉；施魔法于"],
        ["enclosure", "n.圈地，围占"],
        ["encomiast", "n.赞美者"],
        ["encomium", "n.赞颂，颂辞"],
        ["encompass", "v.包围，围绕"],
        ["encounter", "v.遭遇"],
        ["encroach", "v.侵占，蚕食"],
        ["encumber", "v.妨害，阻碍"],
        ["encyclopedia", "n.百科全书"],
        ["endearing", "a.讨人喜欢的"],
        ["endemic", "a.地方性的"],
        ["endorse", "v.背书；赞同"],
        ["endow", "v.资助，捐助"],
        ["endure", "v.忍受，忍耐"],
        ["enduring", "a.持续的"],
        ["enervate", "v.使虚弱，使无力"],
        ["enfeeble", "v.使衰弱"],
        ["enfetter", "v.给…上脚镣；束缚，使受制于"],
        ["enflame", "v.使愤怒或激动"],
        ["engaged", "a.忙碌的，使用中的"],
        ["engaging", "a.迷人的，美丽动人的"],
        ["engender", "v.产生，引起"],
        ["engrave", "v.在(硬物)上雕刻"],
        ["engross", "v.全神贯注于"],
        ["engulf", "v.吞噬"],
        ["enhance", "v.提高，增加，改善"],
        ["enjoin", "v.命令，吩咐"],
        ["enlighten", "v.启发，开导，教导，授予…知识"],
        ["enlightening", "a.有启迪作用的；使人领悟的"],
        ["enlist", "v.(使)入伍从军，征募"],
        ["enliven", "v.使…更活跃"],
        ["enmesh", "v.通常被动)绊住，陷入网"],
        ["enmity", "n.敌意，仇恨"],
        ["ennui", "n.倦怠，无聊；v.使无聊"],
        ["enormity", "n.极恶；暴行；巨大"],
        ["enormous", "a.极大的，巨大的"],
        ["enrage", "v.激怒，触怒"],
        ["enrapture", "v.使狂喜，使高兴"],
        ["ensconce", "v.安置，安坐"],
        ["ensemble", "n.全体；大合唱"],
        ["ensign", "n.舰旗(船上表示所属国家的旗帜)"],
        ["ensue", "v.继而发生"],
        ["ensure", "v.确保，担保"],
        ["entail", "v.需要，需求，必须"],
        ["entangle", "v.使纠缠，卷入"],
        ["enterprise", "n.公司，事业单位；进取心"],
        ["enthralling", "a.迷人的，吸引人的"],
        ["entice", "v.怂恿，引诱"],
        ["entirety", "n.整体，全面"],
        ["entitle", "v.使有权(做某事)"],
        ["entity", "n.实体，统一体"],
        ["entrance", "v.使出神，使入迷"],
        ["entrancing", "a.使人入神的"],
        ["entreat", "v.恳求"],
        ["entreaty", "n.恳求，哀求"],
        ["entrée", "n.正餐前的开胃菜；获准进入的权利"],
        ["entrepreneur", "n.企业家，创业人"],
        ["entrust", "v.委托；托付"],
        ["entry", "n.条目；登录；报关手续；入口"],
        ["enumerate", "v.列举，枚举"],
        ["enunciate", "v.发音；(清楚地)表达"],
        ["environ", "v.包围，围绕"],
        ["envision", "v.想象，预想"],
        ["enzyme", "n.酵素，酶"],
        ["epaulet", "n.肩章，肩饰"],
        ["ephemeral", "a.朝生暮死的；生命短暂的"],
        ["epic", "n.叙事诗，史诗；a.英雄的；大规模的"],
        ["epicure", "n.美食家"],
        ["epidemic", "a.传染性的，流行性的"],
        ["epidermis", "n.表皮，外皮"],
        ["epigram", "n.讽刺短句，警句"],
        ["epilogue", "n.收场白；尾声"],
        ["episodic", "a.偶然发生的，分散性的"],
        ["epitaph", "n.墓志铭"],
        ["epithet", "n.(贬低人的)短语或形容词"],
        ["epitome", "n.典型；梗概"],
        ["epitomize", "v.概括，摘要"],
        ["epoch", "n.纪元；重大的事件"],
        ["equable", "a.稳定的，不变的；(脾气)温和的"],
        ["equanimity", "n.镇定，沉着"],
        ["equate", "v.认为…相等或相仿"],
        ["equation", "n.等式；等同，相等"],
        ["equator", "n.赤道"],
        ["equilibrium", "n.平衡"],
        ["equine", "a.马的，似马的"],
        ["equity", "n.公平，公正"],
        ["equivalent", "a.相等的，等值的"],
        ["equivocate", "v.模棱两可地说，支吾其词，说谎"],
        ["equivocation", "n.模棱两可的话，含糊话"],
        ["eradicate", "v.根除；扑灭"],
        ["erase", "v.擦掉，抹去"],
        ["erasure", "n.擦掉，擦痕"],
        ["erect", "a.竖立的，笔直的，直立的"],
        ["err", "v.犯错误，出错"],
        ["errand", "n.差使；差事"],
        ["erratic", "a.反复无常的；古怪的"],
        ["ersatz", "a.代用的，假的"],
        ["erstwhile", "a.从前的，过去的"],
        ["erudite", "a.博学的，饱学的"],
        ["erupt", "v.爆发；喷出(熔岩、水、气体、泥浆等)"],
        ["escalate", "v.(战争等)升级；扩大，上升"],
        ["escalation", "n.逐步上升，逐步增强"],
        ["escapism", "n.逃避现实(的习气)"],
        ["eschew", "v.避开，戒绝"],
        ["esophagus", "n.食道，食管"],
        ["esoteric", "a.秘传的；神秘的"],
        ["espionage", "n.间谍活动"],
        ["espousal", "n.拥护，支持"],
        ["espouse", "v.支持，拥护"],
        ["espy", "v.(从远处等)突然看到"],
        ["essential", "a.本质的；n.要素，实质"],
        ["estimable", "a.值得尊敬的；可估计的"],
        ["estranged", "a.疏远的，分开的，分离的"],
        ["etch", "v.蚀刻)；铭记"],
        ["etching", "n.蚀刻术；蚀刻板画"],
        ["eternal", "a.永久的，永恒的"],
        ["ethereal", "a.太空；轻巧的"],
        ["ethics", "n.伦理学；道德规范"],
        ["ethnic", "a.种族的"],
        ["ethnology", "n.人种学，人类文化学"],
        ["ethos", "n.(个人、团体或民族)道德风貌，思潮，信仰"],
        ["etiquette", "n.礼仪；礼节"],
        ["etymology", "n.语源学"],
        ["eucalyptus", "n.桉树"],
        ["eulogistic", "a.颂扬的，歌功颂德的"],
        ["eulogize", "v.称赞，颂扬"],
        ["eulogy", "n.颂词，颂文"],
        ["euphemism", "n.婉言，委婉的说法"],
        ["euphonious", "a.悦耳的"],
        ["euphoria", "n.幸福愉快感"],
        ["evacuate", "v.撤退；撤离"],
        ["evade", "v.逃避；规避"],
        ["evaluation", "n.评价，评估"],
        ["evanescent", "a.迅速消失的，短暂的"],
        ["evaporate", "v.(使某物)蒸发掉"],
        ["evasion", "n.躲避，借口"],
        ["evasive", "a.迥避的，逃避的，托辞的"],
        ["even", "a.平的"],
        ["evenhanded", "a.公平的，不偏不倚的"],
        ["evict", "v.(依法)驱逐"],
        ["eviction", "n.(对房客或佃户的)驱逐"],
        ["evince", "v.表明，表示"],
        ["evocative", "a.唤起的，激起的"],
        ["evoke", "v.引起；唤起"],
        ["evolve", "v.使逐渐形成，进化"],
        ["ewe", "n.母羊"],
        ["ewer", "n.大口水罐"],
        ["exacerbate", "v.加重，恶化"],
        ["exact", "a.精确的；v.强求，强索付款"],
        ["exacting", "a.苛求的；要求严格的"],
        ["exactitude", "n.极端的正确性或精确性"],
        ["exaggerate", "v.夸张；夸大"],
        ["exaggeration", "n.夸张"],
        ["exalt", "v.(高度)赞扬，歌颂"],
        ["exaltation", "n.(成功带来的)得意，高兴"],
        ["exasperate", "v.激怒，使恼怒"],
        ["excavate", "v.挖掘；挖出"],
        ["exceed", "v.超过；超出"],
        ["excel", "v.善于，擅长于"],
        ["exceptional", "a.特别(好)的"],
        ["excess", "n.过分，过度"],
        ["excise", "v.切除，删去"],
        ["excitability", "n.易兴奋性，易激动性"],
        ["exclaim", "v.惊叫，呼喊"],
        ["exclamation", "n.惊叹词，惊呼"],
        ["exclude", "v.排斥；排除"],
        ["exclusive", "a.(人)孤僻的；(物)专用的"],
        ["excoriate", "v.撕去皮；严厉批评"],
        ["excrete", "v.排泄，分泌"],
        ["exculpate", "v.开脱，申明无罪"],
        ["excursion", "n.短途旅游"],
        ["excursive", "a.离题的，随意的"],
        ["execrable", "a.极坏的"],
        ["execrate", "v.憎恶；咒骂"],
        ["execute", "v.执行，履行；将某人处死"],
        ["exemplary", "a.可作楷模的"],
        ["exemplify", "v.是…的典型"],
        ["exempt", "a.被免除的；v.使免除"],
        ["exert", "v.运用(力量等)"],
        ["exhale", "v.呼出(气)"],
        ["exhaust", "n.(机器排出的)废气，蒸气；v.使非常疲倦"],
        ["exhaustive", "a.彻底的，无遗漏的"],
        ["exhilarate", "v.使高兴"],
        ["exhilaration", "n.高兴，活跃"],
        ["exhort", "v.力劝，勉励"],
        ["exigent", "a.需要立即采取行动的"],
        ["existential", "a.有关存在的，存在主义的"],
        ["exodus", "n.大批离去，成群外出"],
        ["exonerate", "v.免除责任；确定无罪"],
        ["exorbitant", "a.过分的，过度的"],
        ["exorcise", "v.驱魔；去除(坏念头等)"],
        ["exotic", "a.珍奇的；来自异国的"],
        ["expand", "v.扩大，膨胀"],
        ["expansive", "a.(指人)健谈的，开朗的；可扩大的，可伸展的"],
        ["expediency", "n.方便；权宜之计"],
        ["expedient", "n.权宜之计，临时手段；a.(指行动)有用的"],
        ["expeditious", "a.迅速的，敏捷的"],
        ["expel", "v.排出；开除"],
        ["expend", "v.花费；用光"],
        ["expenditure", "n.消耗，支出"],
        ["expertise", "n.专门技术，专业知识"],
        ["expiate", "v.赎罪，补偿"],
        ["expiration", "n.期满，终止"],
        ["expire", "v.期满；去世"],
        ["explicate", "v.详细解说"],
        ["explicit", "a.清楚明确的"],
        ["exploit", "v.剥削；开发利用；n.英勇行为"],
        ["explosive", "n.炸药；a.爆炸性的；使人冲动的"],
        ["exponent", "n.说明者，支持者；指数"],
        ["exponentially", "adv.指数地；迅速增长地"],
        ["exposition", "n.阐释；博览会"],
        ["expository", "a.说明的"],
        ["expostulate", "v.(对人或行为进行)抗议，告诫"],
        ["exposure", "n.暴露，显露，曝光"],
        ["expound", "v.解释；阐述"],
        ["expressly", "adv.清楚地；特意地"],
        ["expunge", "v.删除"],
        ["expurgate", "v.删除；使纯洁"],
        ["exquisite", "a.精致的；近乎完美的"],
        ["extant", "a.现存的，传世的"],
        ["extemporaneous", "a.即席的，没有准备的"],
        ["extemporize", "v.即席演说"],
        ["extend", "v.延展，延长"],
        ["extenuate", "v.掩饰(罪行)，减轻罪过"],
        ["exterminate", "v.消灭，灭绝"],
        ["externalize", "v.使…表面化"],
        ["extinct", "a.绝种的，不存在的"],
        ["extinction", "n.熄灭；消灭"],
        ["extinguish", "v.使…熄灭；使…不复存在"],
        ["extirpation", "n.根除，铲除"],
        ["extol", "v.赞美"],
        ["extort", "v.强索，敲诈"],
        ["extract", "v.拔出；强索"],
        ["extraneous", "a.外来的；无关的"],
        ["extrapolate", "v.预测，推测"],
        ["extravagance", "n.奢侈，挥霍"],
        ["extremist", "n.极端主义者"],
        ["extricable", "a.可解救的，能脱险的"],
        ["extricate", "v.拯救，救出"],
        ["extrovert", "n.性格外向者"],
        ["exuberance", "n.愉快；茁壮"],
        ["exuberant", "a.(人)充满活力的(植物)茂盛的"],
        ["exude", "v.使慢慢流出；四溢"],
        ["exult", "v.欢腾，喜悦"],
        ["fabric", "n.纺织品；结构"],
        ["fabricate", "v.捏造；制造"],
        ["facade", "n. 建筑物的正面；(虚伪)外表"],
        ["facet", "n.(宝石等的)小平面；侧面"],
        ["facetious", "a.轻浮的，好开玩笑的"],
        ["facile", "a.容易做的；肤浅的"],
        ["facilitate", "v.使容易，促进"],
        ["facilities", "n.(使事情便利的)设备、工具"],
        ["faction", "n.派系；派系斗争"],
        ["factorable", "a.能分解成因子的"],
        ["factotum", "n.杂役，听差"],
        ["factual", "a.真实的，事实的"],
        ["faculty", "n.全体教员；官能"],
        ["fad", "n.(流行一时的)狂热，时尚"],
        ["faddish", "a.流行一时的，时尚的"],
        ["fade", "v.褪色，消失，凋谢"],
        ["falcon", "n.猎鹰；隼"],
        ["fallacious", "a.欺骗的；谬误的"],
        ["fallacy", "n.谬误，错误"],
        ["fallibility", "n.易于出错，出错性"],
        ["fallible", "a.会犯错的，易犯错的"],
        ["fallow", "n.休耕地；a.(土地)休耕的"],
        ["falsehood", "n.谎言"],
        ["falter", "v.摇晃，蹒跚；支吾地说"],
        ["familiarity", "n.精通；亲近；不拘礼仪"],
        ["famine", "n.饥荒"],
        ["famish", "v.使饥饿"],
        ["fanatic", "n.狂热者"],
        ["fang", "n.(毒蛇的)尖牙"],
        ["fantasy", "n.想象，幻想"],
        ["farce", "n.闹剧；荒谬胡闹"],
        ["farewell", "interj.再会，再见；n.辞行，告别"],
        ["far-reaching", "a.影响深远的"],
        ["fast", "n.绝食，斋戒；adv.很快地，紧紧地"],
        ["fasten", "v.使…固定(to fix sth. firmly)"],
        ["fastidious", "a.难取悦的，挑剔的"],
        ["fastness", "n.要塞，城堡"],
        ["fatal", "a.致命的；灾难性的"],
        ["fathom", "n.英寻(量水深用，相当于1.83米)；v.彻底明白，了解"],
        ["fatigue", "n.疲乏，劳累"],
        ["fatten", "v.使长肥；使土壤肥沃；装满"],
        ["fatuity", "n.愚蠢，愚昧"],
        ["fatuous", "a.愚昧而不自知的"],
        ["faucet", "n.水龙头"],
        ["fault", "n.错误；(地质学)断层"],
        ["faultfinder", "n.喜欢挑剔的人"],
        ["favorable", "a.有利的；赞成的"],
        ["fawn", "n.未满周岁的小鹿；v.巴结，奉承"],
        ["faze", "v.使…狼狈，折磨"],
        ["feasible", "a.可行的，可能的"],
        ["feat", "n.功绩，壮举"],
        ["feature", "n.特色，特点，特征"],
        ["feckless", "a.无目标无计划的"],
        ["fecundity", "n.多产，富饶；繁殖力，生殖力"],
        ["feeble", "a.虚弱的"],
        ["feedback", "n.(信息的)反馈"],
        ["feign", "v.假装，伪装"],
        ["feigned", "a.假装的；不真诚的"],
        ["feint", "v./n.佯攻，佯击"],
        ["felicitous", "a.(话语等)适当的，得体的"],
        ["fell", "n.兽皮；v.砍伐；a.凶猛的，可怕的"],
        ["felon", "n.重罪犯"],
        ["felony", "n.重罪"],
        ["feminist", "n.女权运动者"],
        ["fender", "n.挡泥板；护舷的垫子等"],
        ["feral", "a.凶猛的，野的"],
        ["ferment", "v./n.(使)发酵；骚动"],
        ["fermentation", "n.发酵"],
        ["fern", "n.羊齿植物，蕨"],
        ["ferret", "n.雪貂；v.用雪貂猎取；搜寻"],
        ["ferrous", "a.含铁的"],
        ["fertile", "a.多产的；肥沃的"],
        ["fertilize", "v.受精，受粉；施肥"],
        ["fertilizer", "n.肥料，化肥"],
        ["fervid", "a.炽热的，热情的"],
        ["fervor", "n.热诚，热心"],
        ["fester", "v.(指伤口)溃烂，化脓"],
        ["festive", "a.欢乐的"],
        ["fetid", "a.有恶臭的"],
        ["fetter", "n./v.(带)脚镣；束缚"],
        ["fetus", "n.胎儿"],
        ["feud", "n.宿怨，不和"],
        ["fiasco", "n.大失败，惨败"],
        ["fiat", "n.命令"],
        ["fickle", "a.(爱情或友谊上)易变的，不坚定的"],
        ["fictitious", "a.假的；虚构的"],
        ["fidget", "v.坐立不安；n.烦躁之人"],
        ["fig", "n.无花果；一点儿"],
        ["figment", "n.虚构的东西"],
        ["figurative", "a.比喻的，借喻的"],
        ["figurehead", "n.名义领袖；傀儡"],
        ["figurine", "n.小塑像，小雕像"],
        ["file", "n.锉刀；v.锉平"],
        ["filibuster", "v./n.妨碍议事，阻挠"],
        ["filigree", "n.金银丝做的工艺品"],
        ["filings", "n.锉屑"],
        ["filly", "n.小母马"],
        ["filter", "n.滤纸；v.过滤"],
        ["filth", "n.肮脏；粗语"],
        ["finale", "n.最后，最终；乐曲的最后部分"],
        ["finesse", "n.技巧；计谋；手段"],
        ["finicky", "a.苛求的，过分讲究的"],
        ["finite", "a.有限的"],
        ["firearm", "n.(便携式)枪支"],
        ["firefly", "n.萤火虫"],
        ["fiscal", "a.国库的，财政的"],
        ["fissure", "n.裂缝，裂隙"],
        ["fixate", "v.使固定，使不变；注视，凝视"],
        ["flaccid", "a.松弛的；软弱的"],
        ["flag", "v.减弱，衰退；枯萎"],
        ["flagging", "a.下垂的；衰弱的"],
        ["flaggy", "a.枯萎的；松软无力的"],
        ["flagrant", "a.臭的，恶名昭彰的"],
        ["flail", "n.连枷(打谷工具)；v.打，打击"],
        ["flak", "n.高射炮；指责"],
        ["flamboyant", "a.艳丽的，炫耀的"],
        ["flammable", "a.易燃的"],
        ["flange", "n.(火车车轮的)凸缘，轮缘"],
        ["flare", "n./v.(火焰)摇曳，闪耀"],
        ["flask", "n.烧瓶，细颈瓶"],
        ["flatcar", "n.平台型铁路货车"],
        ["flatten", "v.变平；彻底打败某人"],
        ["flatter", "v.恭维，奉承"],
        ["flaunt", "v.炫耀；张扬"],
        ["flaunty", "a.炫耀的，张扬的"],
        ["flaw", "n.瑕疵；v.生裂缝；有瑕疵"],
        ["flax", "n.亚麻"],
        ["fledge", "v.小鸟长飞羽，变得羽毛丰满"],
        ["fledgling", "n.正在学习飞行的幼鸟；无经验的人"],
        ["fleeting", "a.短暂的，飞逝的"],
        ["flexible", "a.易弯曲的，灵活的"],
        ["flight", "n.飞行，飞翔；逃跑"],
        ["flimsy", "a.轻而薄的；脆弱的"],
        ["flinch", "v.畏缩，退缩"],
        ["flint", "n.打火石，燧石"],
        ["flip", "v.用指轻弹；蹦跳；a.无礼的"],
        ["flippant", "a.无礼的；轻率的"],
        ["flirt", "v.挑逗，调戏"],
        ["flit", "v.掠过，迅速飞过"],
        ["flock", "n.羊群；鸟群"],
        ["floodgate", "n.(水闸的)闸门"],
        ["flora", "n.(某地区或时代的)植物群"],
        ["florid", "a.华丽的；(脸)红润的"],
        ["flounder", "v.挣扎；艰苦地移动；n.比目鱼"],
        ["flourish", "v.昌盛，兴旺；活跃而有影响"],
        ["flout", "v.蔑视，违抗"],
        ["fluctuate", "v.波动；变化"],
        ["fluffy", "a.有绒毛的；空洞的"],
        ["fluke", "n.侥幸；意想不到的事"],
        ["fluorescent", "a.萤光的，发光的"],
        ["flush", "n./v.脸红；奔流；冲洗"],
        ["flustered", "a.慌张的"],
        ["flutter", "v.拍翅"],
        ["fluvial", "a.河流的，生长在河中的"],
        ["flux", "n.不断的变动，动荡不定"],
        ["foible", "n.小缺点，小毛病"],
        ["foil", "n.钝剑；箔，锡箔纸"],
        ["fold", "n.羊栏，畜栏；v.折叠"],
        ["folder", "n.文件夹，纸夹"],
        ["foliage", "n.叶子(总称)"],
        ["folklore", "n.民间传说；民俗学"],
        ["folly", "n.愚蠢；愚蠢的行为，思想或做法"],
        ["foment", "v.煽动，助长(坏事)"],
        ["foodstuff", "n.食料，食品"],
        ["foolproof", "a.容易懂的，简易而不会误用的"],
        ["foppish", "a.浮华的，俗丽的"],
        ["forage", "n.(牛马的)饲料，粮草；v.搜寻，翻寻"],
        ["forager", "n.强征(粮食)者，抢劫者；粮草征发员；成散开横队的骑兵"],
        ["forbearance", "n.自制，忍耐"],
        ["forbid", "v.不许，禁止；妨碍，阻止"],
        ["forbidding", "a.(表情)冷峻的；形势险恶的"],
        ["ford", "n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水"],
        ["forebode", "v.预感，凶兆"],
        ["forecast", "v.预报，预测；n.预测"],
        ["foreknowledge", "n.预知"],
        ["forerunner", "n.预兆，前兆；先驱"],
        ["foreshadow", "v.预示"],
        ["foresight", "n.远见，深谋远虑"],
        ["forestall", "v.先发制人，预先阻止"],
        ["forestry", "n.森林学；林产；林地"],
        ["forfeit", "v.丧失，被罚没收；n.丧失物"],
        ["forge", "n.铁匠铺；v.锤炼；伪造"],
        ["forger", "n.伪造者；打铁匠"],
        ["forgery", "n.伪造(物)"],
        ["forgo", "v.放弃，抛弃"],
        ["formality", "n.遵循的规范；拘泥形式；正式"],
        ["formation", "n.组织，形成；(军队)编队"],
        ["formidable", "a.可怕的；困难的"],
        ["formula", "n.分子式；公式；套语，惯用语"],
        ["forsake", "v.遗弃，放弃"],
        ["forte", "n.长处，擅长；a.(音乐)强音的"],
        ["forthright", "a.直率的"],
        ["fortify", "v.加强防卫"],
        ["fortitude", "n.坚毅，坚韧不拔"],
        ["fortuitous", "a.偶然的，意外的；幸运的"],
        ["forum", "n.辩论的场所，讲坛"],
        ["forward", "a.过激的，莽撞的"],
        ["fosse", "n.护城河"],
        ["fossilize", "v.使…成为化石；使…过时"],
        ["foster", "v.培养，鼓励；领养"],
        ["foul", "a.恶臭的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；n.(体育等)犯规"],
        ["founder", "v.(船)沉没；(计划)失败"],
        ["four-poster", "n.有四柱的床"],
        ["foyer", "n.门厅，休息室"],
        ["fracas", "n.喧嚷，吵闹"],
        ["fraction", "n.碎片；小部分"],
        ["fractious", "a.(脾气)易怒的，好争吵的"],
        ["fracture", "n.骨折；折断；裂口"],
        ["fragile", "a.易碎的，易坏的"],
        ["fragment", "n.碎片；分裂"],
        ["fragrance", "n.香料；香味"],
        ["fragrant", "a.芳香的；愉快的"],
        ["frail", "a.脆弱的；不坚实的"],
        ["frantic", "a.疯狂的，狂乱的"],
        ["fraud", "n.欺诈，欺骗；骗子"],
        ["fraudulent", "a.欺骗的，不诚实的"],
        ["fraught", "a.充满…的"],
        ["freckle", "n.雀斑，斑点"],
        ["freelancer", "n.自由职业者"],
        ["freight", "n.货物；v.装货于(船等)"],
        ["frenetic", "a.狂乱的，发狂的"],
        ["frenzy", "n.极度激动的状态，狂暴"],
        ["frequency", "n.频率"],
        ["frequent", "v.时常来访；a.惯常的"],
        ["fresco", "n.壁画"],
        ["fret", "n./v.(使)烦躁，焦虑"],
        ["friable", "a.易碎的"],
        ["friction", "n.摩擦；矛盾，冲突"],
        ["frieze", "n.(在墙顶与天花板间起装饰作用的)横条，饰带"],
        ["frigid", "a.寒冷的；死板的"],
        ["frigidity", "n.寒冷；冷淡"],
        ["fringe", "n.(窗帘等)须边；边缘"],
        ["frisky", "a.活泼的，快活的"],
        ["frivolous", "a.轻薄的，轻佻的"],
        ["frond", "n.羊齿、棕榈等的叶子"],
        ["frothy", "a.起泡的；空洞的"],
        ["frugal", "a.节约的，节俭的"],
        ["fruition", "n.实现，完成"],
        ["frustrate", "v.挫折，使沮丧"],
        ["fulcrum", "n.杠杆支点，支柱"],
        ["fulfil", "v.履行；满足，符合"],
        ["full-blown", "a.(鲜花)盛开的"],
        ["full-bodied", "a.(味道等)浓郁而强烈的"],
        ["full-fledged", "a.羽毛丰满的；成熟的"],
        ["fulminate", "v.猛烈抨击，严厉谴责"],
        ["fulsome", "a.虚情假意的；充足的"],
        ["fumble", "v.摸索，笨拙搜寻；弄乱，搞糟"],
        ["fume", "v./n.愤怒；冒烟"],
        ["fumigate", "v.以烟熏消毒"],
        ["functional", "a.起作用的，能运转的；实用的"],
        ["functionary", "n.小官，低级公务员"],
        ["fundamental", "a.最根本的，基本的；十分重要的"],
        ["fungi", "n.菌类，蘑菇"],
        ["fungicide", "n.杀真菌剂"],
        ["furnace", "n.锅炉"],
        ["furor", "n.轰动；盛怒"],
        ["furrow", "n.犁沟；皱纹"],
        ["furtive", "a. 偷偷的，秘密的"],
        ["fusillade", "n./v. (枪炮)齐射，连发"],
        ["fusion", "n.熔合；聚变"],
        ["fuss", "n.大惊小怪"],
        ["fussy", "a.爱挑剔的"],
        ["fusty", "a.陈腐的，霉臭的"],
        ["futile", "a.无效的，无用的;（人）没出息的；琐细的"],
        ["futility", "n.无用，无益"],
        ["gadfly", "n.虻，牛虻；讨厌的人"],
        ["gadget", "n.小工具，小机械"],
        ["gaffe", "n.(社交上令人不快的)失言，失态"],
        ["gaggle", "n.鹅群"],
        ["gainsay", "v.否认"],
        ["gait", "n.步法，步态"],
        ["galaxy", "n.(银河)星群；显赫的人群"],
        ["gall", "n.胆汁；怨恨"],
        ["gallant", "a.勇敢的；(向女人)献殷勤的"],
        ["galley", "n.船上的厨房"],
        ["gallon", "n.加仑"],
        ["galvanize", "v.电镀；通电；激励"],
        ["gamble", "v./n.赌博；孤注一掷"],
        ["gambol", "n./v.雀跃；嬉戏"],
        ["gangway", "n.(上下船的)跳板"],
        ["gape", "v.裂开；目瞪口呆地凝视"],
        ["garble", "v.曲解，窜改"],
        ["garbled", "a.引起误解的；窜改的"],
        ["gardenia", "n.栀子花"],
        ["gargantuan", "a.巨大的，庞大的"],
        ["gargoyle", "n.(雕刻成怪兽状的)滴水嘴；面貌丑恶的人"],
        ["garish", "a.俗丽的，过于艳丽的"],
        ["garment", "n.衣服"],
        ["garner", "v.收藏，积累"],
        ["garnish", "v.装饰"],
        ["garrulity", "n.唠叨，饶舌"],
        ["garrulous", "a.唠叨的，多话的"],
        ["gaseous", "a.似气体的"],
        ["gash", "n.深长的伤口，裂缝"],
        ["gasification", "n.气化"],
        ["gaucherie", "n.笨拙"],
        ["gaudy", "a.俗丽的"],
        ["gauge", "n.标准规格；测量仪；v.测量"],
        ["gavel", "n.(法官所用的)槌，小木槌"],
        ["gaze", "v./n.凝视，注视"],
        ["gazetteer", "n.地名词典，地名表"],
        ["gear", "n.齿轮；装备；仪器"],
        ["gem", "n.宝石，珠宝；精华"],
        ["gene", "n.基因"],
        ["genealogy", "n.家谱学"],
        ["generality", "n.概述"],
        ["generalize", "v.归纳"],
        ["generate", "v.造成；产生"],
        ["generation", "n.一代人；(产品类型的)代；产生，发生"],
        ["generator", "n.发电机"],
        ["generic", "a.种类的，类属的"],
        ["generosity", "n.慷慨，大方"],
        ["genesis", "n.创始，起源"],
        ["genetic", "a.遗传的；起源的"],
        ["genetics", "n.遗传学"],
        ["genial", "a.愉快的，脾气好的"],
        ["genome", "n.基因组，染色体组"],
        ["genre", "n.(文艺的)类型"],
        ["genteel", "a.上流社会的；装作彬彬有礼的"],
        ["gentle", "a.温和的，慈祥的"],
        ["gentry", "n.绅士，上等人"],
        ["genuine", "a.真的；真诚的"],
        ["genus", "n.(动植物的)属"],
        ["geometrician", "n.几何学家"],
        ["germ", "n.胚芽，芽孢；微生物，细菌"],
        ["germane", "a.有密切关系的；贴切的"],
        ["germicide", "n.杀菌剂"],
        ["germinate", "v.发芽；发展"],
        ["gerontocracy", "n.老人统治的政府"],
        ["gerontology", "n.老人病学"],
        ["gerrymander", "v.(为使某政党在选举中取得优势)不公正地将(某地区)划成选区"],
        ["gesture", "n.姿势，手势，姿态"],
        ["geyser", "n.天然热喷泉"],
        ["gibe", "n./v.嘲弄，讥笑"],
        ["giddy", "a.轻浮的，不严肃的"],
        ["giggle", "v.咯咯笑"],
        ["gild", "v.镀金；虚饰"],
        ["gimmick", "n.吸引人的花招，噱头"],
        ["ginger", "n.姜；活力"],
        ["gingerly", "adj./adv.小心的(地)；谨慎的(地)"],
        ["girder", "n.大梁"],
        ["girth", "n.腰身；周长"],
        ["gist", "n.要点，要旨"],
        ["glacial", "a.冰期的，冰河期的；寒冷的"],
        ["glade", "n.林中的空地"],
        ["gladiator", "n.角斗士，与野兽搏斗者"],
        ["glance", "v./n.一瞥"],
        ["glare", "v.发出眩目光芒；怒目而视"],
        ["glaze", "v.装玻璃于；上釉彩；n.釉"],
        ["glean", "v.拾落穗；收集(材料等)"],
        ["glib", "a.流利圆滑的，善辩的"],
        ["glide", "v.滑行，滑动"],
        ["glimmer", "v.发微光；n.摇曳的微光"],
        ["glisten", "v.闪烁，闪耀"],
        ["glitch", "n.小故障"],
        ["gloat", "v.幸灾乐祸地看，窃喜"],
        ["gloom", "n.黑暗；忧郁"],
        ["gloomy", "a.阴暗的；没有希望的；阴郁的"],
        ["gloss", "n.光泽；注解"],
        ["glossary", "n.词汇表；难词表"],
        ["glossy", "a.光泽的，光滑的"],
        ["glow", "v./n.光亮，发热；(脸)红"],
        ["glower", "v.怒目而视"],
        ["glowing", "a.热情赞扬的"],
        ["glucose", "n.葡萄糖"],
        ["glut", "v./n.过多；供过于求"],
        ["glutinous", "a.粘的，胶状的"],
        ["gluttonous", "a.贪吃的，贪嘴的"],
        ["gnarled", "a.(树木)多节的；粗糙的"],
        ["gnaw", "v.啃，咬"],
        ["goad", "n.赶牛棒；v./n.刺激，激励"],
        ["gobble", "v.贪婪地吃，吞没"],
        ["goblet", "n.高脚酒杯"],
        ["goldbrick", "v.逃避责任，偷懒"],
        ["gong", "n.锣"],
        ["goodwill", "n.友好"],
        ["gorge", "n.峡谷"],
        ["gorilla", "n.大猩猩"],
        ["gospel", "n.教义，信条"],
        ["gossamer", "n.蛛丝；薄纱；a.轻而薄的"],
        ["gouge", "n.半圆凿；v.挖出；敲竹杠"],
        ["gourmand", "n.嗜食者"],
        ["gourmet", "n.美食家"],
        ["grace", "n.优美"],
        ["gracious", "a.大方的，和善的；奢华的"],
        ["gradation", "n.渐变；阶段，等级"],
        ["graduated", "a.按等级(高度，困难等)分的"],
        ["graft", "v./n.嫁接；贪污"],
        ["grain", "n.谷物；小的硬粒"],
        ["grandeur", "n.壮丽，伟大"],
        ["grandiose", "a.宏伟的；夸大的"],
        ["grandstand", "n.大看台；v.哗众取宠"],
        ["granite", "n.花岗石"],
        ["grant", "v.同意给予"],
        ["graphic", "a.图表的；生动的"],
        ["graphite", "n.石墨"],
        ["grasping", "a.贪心的，贪婪的"],
        ["grate", "v.发出“吱嘎”声；磨碎；使人烦躁"],
        ["grateful", "a.感激的"],
        ["gratification", "n.满足，喜悦"],
        ["gratify", "v.使高兴，使满足"],
        ["grating", "a.(声音)刺耳的；恼人的"],
        ["gratitude", "n.感激"],
        ["gratuitous", "a.无缘无故的；免费的"],
        ["gratuity", "n.赏钱，小费"],
        ["grave", "a.严峻的；n.墓穴"],
        ["gravel", "n.碎石，砂砾"],
        ["gravitational", "a.万有引力的"],
        ["gravity", "n.严肃，正经"],
        ["graze", "v.(动物)吃(地上长的)草；放牧"],
        ["grease", "n.(炼出的)动物油脂；滑脂"],
        ["green", "a.新鲜的，未成熟的，无经验的"],
        ["greenhouse", "n.花房，温室"],
        ["gregarious", "a.群居的；爱社交的"],
        ["gregariousness", "n.群居；合群"],
        ["grenade", "n.手榴弹"],
        ["grief", "n.忧伤，悲伤"],
        ["grievance", "n.委屈，抱怨"],
        ["grieve", "v.使某人极为悲伤"],
        ["grievous", "a.严重伤害的"],
        ["grill", "v.烤；拷问；n.烤架"],
        ["grim", "a.冷酷的，可怕的"],
        ["grimace", "v./n.做鬼脸，面部歪扭"],
        ["grin", "v.露齿而笑"],
        ["grind", "n.枯燥乏味的工作；v.磨碎，碾碎"],
        ["gripe", "v.抱怨"],
        ["gripping", "a.紧紧抓住注意力的"],
        ["grisly", "a.恐怖的，可怕的"],
        ["gristle", "n.软骨；肉中难吃的硬组织"],
        ["grit", "n.沙粒；决心，勇气；v.下定决心，咬紧牙关"],
        ["groan", "v./n.呻吟，叹息"],
        ["groom", "n.马夫；新郎"],
        ["groove", "n.凹线；(刻出的)线条；习惯"],
        ["grope", "v.摸索，探索"],
        ["gross", "a.总的；粗野的；n.整个，全部"],
        ["grotto", "n.洞穴"],
        ["grouch", "n.牢骚，不满"],
        ["grounded", "a.有理由的；adv.地面上"],
        ["group", "v.使…集合；n.群，集"],
        ["grouse", "n.松鸡；v.牢骚，诉苦"],
        ["grove", "n.小树林，树丛"],
        ["grovel", "v.摇尾乞怜，奴颜婢膝"],
        ["grueling", "a.繁重而累人的"],
        ["grumble", "v.喃喃诉苦，发怨言"],
        ["guarantee", "v.保证，担保"],
        ["guffaw", "n./v.哄笑，大笑"],
        ["guile", "n.欺诈，狡猾"],
        ["guileless", "a.厚道的，老实的"],
        ["guillotine", "n.断头台"],
        ["guilt", "n.罪行；内疚"],
        ["guilty", "a.有罪的"],
        ["guise", "n.外观，装束"],
        ["gullible", "a.易受骗的"],
        ["gully", "n.雨水冲成的沟壑"],
        ["gulp", "v.吞食，咽下"],
        ["gum", "n.树胶，橡皮"],
        ["guru", "n.古鲁(印度的宗教领袖)；(受尊敬的)教师或权威"],
        ["gush", "v.涌出；滔滔不绝地说"],
        ["gusher", "n.滔滔不绝的说话者；喷油井"],
        ["gust", "n.阵风；一阵(情绪)"],
        ["gustation", "n.品尝；味觉"],
        ["gustatory", "a.味觉的，品尝的"],
        ["gutter", "n.水槽；街沟"],
        ["guy", "n.(铁塔等的)支索，牵索"],
        ["guzzle", "v.大吃大喝"],
        ["gyrate", "a.旋转的；v.旋转"],
        ["habitat", "n.自然环境，栖息地"],
        ["habituate", "v.使习惯于"],
        ["hack", "v.乱劈，乱砍；n.雇佣文人"],
        ["hackneyed", "a.陈腐的，平常的"],
        ["hail", "n.冰雹；v.致敬"],
        ["halcyon", "a.平静的；愉快的"],
        ["hale", "a.健壮的，矍铄的"],
        ["halfhearted", "a.不认真的，不热心的"],
        ["hallmark", "n.(在金银上的)纯度印记；特征"],
        ["hallow", "v.把…视为神圣，尊敬"],
        ["hallowed", "a.神圣的"],
        ["hallucination", "n.幻觉，幻视"],
        ["halo", "n.(日、月等)晕，神像之光环"],
        ["halting", "a.踌躇的，吞吞吐吐的"],
        ["hammer", "n.锤子，槌"],
        ["hamper", "v.妨碍，阻挠；n.有盖提篮"],
        ["handle", "n.柄，把手；v.处理"],
        ["hangar", "n.飞机库"],
        ["hangdog", "a.忧愁的；低贱的"],
        ["hankering", "n.渴望"],
        ["haphazard", "a.任意的"],
        ["harangue", "n.长篇指责性演说"],
        ["harass", "v.侵扰，烦忧"],
        ["harbinger", "n.先驱，先兆"],
        ["harbor", "n.港，避难所；v.包庇，隐匿"],
        ["harden", "v.变硬，变坚强"],
        ["hardheaded", "a.(商业上)现实的，精明的"],
        ["hardy", "a.耐寒的；强壮的"],
        ["harmony", "n.相符，一致；协调，匀称"],
        ["harness", "n.马具；v.束以马具；利用"],
        ["harp", "n.竖琴；v.喋喋不休地说或写"],
        ["harpsichord", "n.键琴(钢琴前身)"],
        ["harridan", "n.凶恶的老妇，老巫婆"],
        ["harrow", "n.耙；v.使痛苦"],
        ["harrowing", "a.悲痛的，难受的"],
        ["harry", "v.掠夺，袭扰，折磨"],
        ["harsh", "a.严厉的；粗糙的；刺耳的"],
        ["harshly", "adv.严酷地，无情地"],
        ["hasten", "v.催促，促进"],
        ["hasty", "a.急急忙忙的"],
        ["hatch", "n.船舱盖；v.孵化"],
        ["haughty", "a.傲慢的，自大的"],
        ["haunt", "v.常去；鬼魂出没；(事情)萦绕心头；n.常去的地方"],
        ["hauteur", "n.傲慢"],
        ["haven", "n.安息所，避难所"],
        ["havoc", "n.大破坏，混乱"],
        ["hawk", "n.隼，鹰"],
        ["hazard", "n.危险"],
        ["hazardous", "a.危险的"],
        ["headlong", "adj./adv.轻率的(地)，迅猛的(地)"],
        ["headstrong", "a.刚愎自用的"],
        ["headway", "n.进步，进展"],
        ["heal", "v.治愈"],
        ["hearken", "v.倾听"],
        ["hearten", "v.鼓励，激励"],
        ["heartrending", "a.令人心碎的"],
        ["heavy-handedness", "n.笨拙，粗劣"],
        ["heckle", "v.诘问，困扰"],
        ["hectic", "a.兴奋的；繁忙的"],
        ["hector", "v.凌辱，威吓"],
        ["hedge", "n.树篱；限制"],
        ["hedonist", "n.享乐主义者"],
        ["heed", "v.注意，留心；n.关心"],
        ["hegemony", "n.霸权，领导权"],
        ["heinous", "a.十恶不赦的"],
        ["heir", "n.继承人"],
        ["heirloom", "n.传家宝"],
        ["helmet", "n.头盔，钢盔"],
        ["hem", "v.包围；n.袖边，边缘；interj.吞吞吐吐地说"],
        ["hemisphere", "n.半球"],
        ["hemophilia", "n.血友病，出血不止"],
        ["hemorrhage", "n.出血(尤指大出血)"],
        ["hemostat", "n.止血器；止血剂"],
        ["herbaceous", "a.草本植物的"],
        ["herbicide", "n.除草剂"],
        ["herbivorous", "a.食草的"],
        ["herd", "n.兽群；v.聚集"],
        ["hereditary", "a.祖传的，世袭的"],
        ["heresy", "n.异端邪说"],
        ["heretic", "n.异教徒"],
        ["heretical", "a.异端邪说的"],
        ["hermetic", "a.密封的；深奥的"],
        ["hermit", "n.隐士，修道者"],
        ["herpetologist", "n.爬行动物学家"],
        ["heterodox", "a.异端的，非正统的"],
        ["heterogeneous", "a.异类的，不同的"],
        ["hew", "v.砍伐；遵守"],
        ["hexagon", "n.六角形，六边形"],
        ["hiatus", "n.空隙，裂缝"],
        ["hibernate", "v.冬眠，蛰伏"],
        ["hide", "n.兽皮"],
        ["hidebound", "a.顽固的，心胸狭窄的"],
        ["hideous", "a.讨厌的，丑恶的"],
        ["hie", "v.疾走，催促"],
        ["hierarchy", "n.阶层；等级制度"],
        ["hieroglyph", "n.象形文字，图画文字"],
        ["hieroglyphic", "n.象形文字"],
        ["highbrow", "n.自以为文化修养很高的人"],
        ["hike", "v.高涨，上升；n.徒步旅行"],
        ["hilarious", "a.充满欢乐的；引起大笑的"],
        ["hinder", "v.阻碍，妨碍"],
        ["hinge", "n.铰链；关键"],
        ["hirsute", "a.多毛的"],
        ["hiss", "v.作嘘声；(蛇等)发出嘶嘶声"],
        ["histology", "n.细胞组织学"],
        ["histrionic", "a.演戏的；剧院的"],
        ["hitherto", "adv.到目前为止"],
        ["hive", "n.蜂房；忙碌之地"],
        ["hoard", "v./n.贮藏，秘藏"],
        ["hoary", "a.(头发)灰白的；古老的"],
        ["hoax", "n./v.骗局，欺骗"],
        ["hodgepodge", "n.混淆；杂菜"],
        ["hoe", "n.锄头"],
        ["hoist", "v.吊高，升起；n.起重机"],
        ["hold", "n.(船)货舱"],
        ["holster", "n.手枪皮套"],
        ["homage", "n.效忠，崇敬"],
        ["homeostasis", "n.体内平衡"],
        ["homiletics", "n.讲道术，说教术"],
        ["homogeneity", "n.同种，同质"],
        ["homogeneous", "a.同类的，相似的"],
        ["homogenize", "v.使均匀，使一致"],
        ["hone", "n.磨刀石；v.磨刀"],
        ["honorarium", "n.酬劳金，谢礼"],
        ["hoodwink", "v.蒙混，欺骗"],
        ["hoof", "n.(牛马的)蹄"],
        ["hoop", "n.(桶之)箍，铁环"],
        ["horizontal", "a.水平的"],
        ["hormone", "n.荷尔蒙，激素"],
        ["horn", "n.角，角质；喇叭"],
        ["horrific", "a.可怕的"],
        ["hortative", "a.激励的"],
        ["horticulture", "n.园艺学"],
        ["hospitable", "a.豁达的"],
        ["hostile", "a.敌对的，敌意的"],
        ["hostility", "n.敌对，不友好，憎恨"],
        ["hovel", "n.茅舍；肮脏的小屋"],
        ["hover", "v.翱翔；(人)徘徊"],
        ["hub", "n.轴心；中心"],
        ["hubris", "n.过分自傲，目中无人"],
        ["huckster", "n.叫卖小贩，零售商"],
        ["hue", "n.色彩，色泽"],
        ["hulk", "n.废船，船壳；笨重之人或物"],
        ["hull", "n.外壳；荚；船身；v.剥去外壳"],
        ["humane", "a.人道的，慈悲的"],
        ["humble", "a.卑微的；v.使谦卑"],
        ["humdrum", "a.单调的，乏味的"],
        ["humid", "a.湿润的"],
        ["humidity", "n.湿度，湿气"],
        ["humiliate", "v.使屈辱"],
        ["humility", "n.谦逊，谦恭"],
        ["humor", "v.纵容，迁就"],
        ["hunch", "n.直觉，预感"],
        ["hurdle", "n.跳栏；障碍；v.克服(障碍)"],
        ["hurl", "v.猛投；大声叫骂"],
        ["hurricane", "n.飓风"],
        ["husband", "v.妥善而又节约地管理；做…的丈夫"],
        ["husbandry", "n.耕种，务农；节敛管理"],
        ["hush", "v./n.肃静，安静"],
        ["husk", "n.外壳；皮，荚"],
        ["husky", "a.声音沙哑的"],
        ["hybrid", "n.杂种；混血人"],
        ["hydrant", "n.(消防)水龙头；消防栓"],
        ["hydrate", "n.水化物；v.水化"],
        ["hymn", "n.赞美诗"],
        ["hyperactivity", "n.活动过强，极度亢奋"],
        ["hyperbole", "n.夸张法；a.夸张的"],
        ["hypertension", "n.高血压"],
        ["hyphen", "n.连字号(即“-”)"],
        ["hypnotic", "a.催眠的；n.催眠药"],
        ["hypocrite", "n.伪善者，伪君子"],
        ["hypocritical", "a.虚伪的"],
        ["hypotenuse", "n.(直角三角形的)斜边"],
        ["hypothesis", "n.假设，假说"],
        ["hypothetical", "a.假设的"],
        ["hysteria", "n.歇斯底里症"],
        ["icicle", "n.冰柱，冰垂"],
        ["icon", "n.圣像，偶像"],
        ["iconoclast", "n.攻击传统观念或风俗的人"],
        ["iconoclastic", "a.对传统观念(或惯例)进行攻击的"],
        ["ideology", "n.思想体系，思想意识，意识形态"],
        ["idiom", "n.习语，语言的习惯用法；特色"],
        ["idle", "a.(指人)无所事事的；无效的；v.懒散，无所事事"],
        ["idolater", "n.神像(偶像)崇拜者"],
        ["idyll", "n.田园生活；田园诗"],
        ["igneous", "a.火的，火绒的"],
        ["ignite", "v.发光；点燃，燃烧"],
        ["ignoble", "a.卑鄙的"],
        ["ignominious", "a.可耻的；耻辱的"],
        ["ignominy", "n.羞耻，屈辱"],
        ["ignorant", "a.无知的，愚昧的"],
        ["illegal", "a.违法的"],
        ["illegitimate", "a.不合法的；私生的"],
        ["illicit", "a.违法的"],
        ["illiterate", "a.文盲的"],
        ["illuminate", "v.阐明，解释；照亮"],
        ["illuminati", "n.先觉者，智者"],
        ["illusion", "n.假象，错觉"],
        ["illusive", "a.迷惑人的，迷幻的"],
        ["illusory", "a.虚幻的"],
        ["illustrate", "v.为…作插图或图表；说明，阐明"],
        ["imbibe", "v.饮；吸入"],
        ["imbroglio", "n.纠纷，纠葛"],
        ["imbue", "v.灌输(某人)强烈的情感或意见"],
        ["imitation", "n.赝品；效法，冒充"],
        ["imitative", "a.模仿的"],
        ["immaculate", "a.洁净的，无瑕的"],
        ["immanent", "a.内在的；普遍存在的"],
        ["immemorial", "a.太古的，极古的"],
        ["immense", "a.极大的；无限的"],
        ["immensity", "n.巨大之物；无限"],
        ["immerse", "v.浸入；沉浸于"],
        ["imminent", "a.即将发生的，逼近的"],
        ["immolate", "v.牺牲，焚祭"],
        ["immune", "a.免疫的；免除的"],
        ["immunity", "n.免疫；豁免"],
        ["immunize", "v.使免疫"],
        ["immure", "v.监禁"],
        ["imp", "n.小鬼；顽童"],
        ["impact", "n.冲击，影响"],
        ["impair", "v.损害，使弱"],
        ["impale", "v.刺入，刺中"],
        ["impalpable", "a.无法触及的；不易理解的"],
        ["impart", "v.传授，告知"],
        ["impartial", "a.公平的，无私的"],
        ["impasse", "n.僵局；死路"],
        ["impassioned", "a.慷慨激昂的"],
        ["impassive", "a.无动于衷的，冷漠的"],
        ["impeach", "v.指责；弹劾"],
        ["impeccable", "a.无瑕疵的"],
        ["impecunious", "a.不名一文的，贫困的"],
        ["impede", "v.妨碍"],
        ["impediment", "n.妨碍，阻碍物"],
        ["impel", "v.推进；驱使"],
        ["impending", "a.行将发生的，逼近的"],
        ["impenetrable", "a.不能穿透的；不可理解的"],
        ["impenitent", "a.不悔悟的"],
        ["imperative", "a.急需的"],
        ["imperial", "a.帝王的，至尊的"],
        ["imperious", "a.傲慢的，专横的"],
        ["impermanent", "a.暂时的"],
        ["impermeability", "n.不能渗透"],
        ["impermeable", "a.不可渗透的，透不过的"],
        ["impersonate", "v.模仿；扮演"],
        ["impertinence", "n.无礼，粗鲁"],
        ["imperturbable", "a.冷静的，沉着的"],
        ["impervious", "a.不能渗透的；不为所动的"],
        ["impetuous", "a.冲动的，鲁莽的"],
        ["impetus", "n.推动力；刺激"],
        ["impinge", "v.侵犯；撞击"],
        ["implant", "v.注入；灌输"],
        ["implausible", "a.难以置信的"],
        ["implement", "n.工具，器具；v.实现，实施"],
        ["implicate", "v.牵连(于罪行中)"],
        ["implication", "n.暗示"],
        ["implicit", "a.含蓄的，不言而喻的"],
        ["implode", "v.内爆；剧减"],
        ["implore", "v.哀求，恳求"],
        ["impolitic", "a.不智的，失策的"],
        ["imponderable", "a.(重量等)无法衡量的"],
        ["import", "n./v.进口，输入；意义"],
        ["importune", "v.强求，不断请求"],
        ["impose", "v.征税；强加"],
        ["imposing", "a.壮丽的，雄伟的"],
        ["impostor", "n.冒充者，骗子"],
        ["imposture", "n.冒充"],
        ["impoverish", "v.使成赤贫"],
        ["imprecise", "a.不精确的，不严密的"],
        ["impregnable", "a.攻不破的，征服不了的"],
        ["impresario", "n.(剧院或乐团等)经理人，主办者"],
        ["impressed", "a.被打动的；被感动的"],
        ["impression", "n.印象，感想；盖印，压痕"],
        ["impressionable", "a.易受影响的"],
        ["imprint", "v.盖印，刻印"],
        ["impromptu", "a.即席的，即兴的"],
        ["improvident", "a.无远见的，不节俭的"],
        ["improvise", "v.即席而作"],
        ["improvised", "a.临时准备的，即席而作的"],
        ["imprudent", "a.轻率的；不智的"],
        ["impudent", "a.鲁莽的，无礼的"],
        ["impugn", "v.指责，对…表示怀疑"],
        ["impuissance", "n.无力，虚弱"],
        ["impulse", "n.冲动；刺激"],
        ["impulsive", "a.易冲动的"],
        ["impunity", "n.免除惩罚"],
        ["inadvertence", "n.漫不经心"],
        ["inadvertently", "adv.不小心地，非故意地"],
        ["inalienable", "a.不可剥夺的"],
        ["inane", "a.无意义的；空洞的"],
        ["inanimate", "a.无生命的"],
        ["inappreciable", "a.微不足道的"],
        ["inaugural", "a.就职的，开幕的"],
        ["inaugurate", "v.举行就职典礼；开创"],
        ["inborn", "a.天生的，天赋的"],
        ["incandescence", "n.白炽，炽热发光"],
        ["incantation", "n.咒语"],
        ["incarcerate", "v.下狱，监禁"],
        ["incarnate", "a.具有肉体的；化身的"],
        ["incendiary", "a.放火的，纵火的"],
        ["incense", "n.香，香味；v.激怒"],
        ["incentive", "n.刺激，鼓励；刺激因素"],
        ["inception", "n.开端，开始；取得学位"],
        ["incessant", "a.无间断的，连续的"],
        ["inch", "v.慢慢前进，慢慢移动"],
        ["inchoate", "a.刚开始的；未发展的"],
        ["incidence", "n.事情发生；发生率"],
        ["incinerate", "v.焚化，毁弃"],
        ["incipient", "a.初期的，刚出现的"],
        ["incise", "v.切，切割"],
        ["incision", "n.切口；切割"],
        ["incisive", "a.一针见血的"],
        ["incite", "v.激发，刺激"],
        ["inclement", "a.(天气)严酷的；严厉的"],
        ["inclusive", "a.包含一切的，范围广的"],
        ["incogitant", "a.无思想的，考虑不周的"],
        ["incommensurate", "a.不成比例的，不相称的"],
        ["incompatible", "a.不能和谐共存的"],
        ["incompetent", "a.无能力的，不能胜任的"],
        ["incongruity", "n.不协调，不相称"],
        ["inconsequential", "a.不重要的，微不足道的"],
        ["inconstancy", "n.(指人)反复无常"],
        ["incontrovertible", "a.无可辩驳的"],
        ["incorporate", "v.合并，并入"],
        ["incorrigibility", "n.无可救药"],
        ["incorrigible", "a.积习难改的，不可救药的"],
        ["incorruptible", "a.(道德上)不受腐蚀的"],
        ["incredulity", "n.怀疑，不相信"],
        ["increment", "n.增值，增加"],
        ["incriminate", "v.连累，牵连"],
        ["incubate", "v.孵化"],
        ["incubation", "n.孵卵期；潜伏期"],
        ["incubator", "n.孵卵器；早产婴儿保育箱"],
        ["incubus", "n.恶梦；梦魇般的精神压力，负担"],
        ["inculcate", "v.灌输，谆谆教诲"],
        ["inculpate", "v.连累；控告；归咎于"],
        ["incumbent", "n.在职者，现任者；a.义不容辞的"],
        ["incur", "v.招惹"],
        ["indebted", "a.感激的，感恩的"],
        ["indecipherable", "a.无法破译的"],
        ["indecisive", "a.非决定性的，迟疑不决的"],
        ["indefatigable", "a.不知疲倦的"],
        ["indelible", "a.擦拭不掉的，不可磨灭的"],
        ["indemnify", "v.赔偿，偿付"],
        ["indemnity", "n.赔偿；保证"],
        ["indent", "v.切割成锯齿状"],
        ["indenture", "n.契约，合同"],
        ["indeterminate", "a.不确定的，不明确的"],
        ["indicate", "v.显示，指出；象征"],
        ["indicative", "a.暗示的"],
        ["indices", "n.指数"],
        ["indict", "v.控诉，起诉"],
        ["indifferent", "a.不感兴趣的，漠不关心的"],
        ["indigence", "n.贫穷"],
        ["indigenous", "a.土产的，本地的"],
        ["indigent", "a.贫穷的，贫困的"],
        ["indignant", "a.愤慨的，愤愤不平的"],
        ["indignation", "n.愤慨"],
        ["indignity", "n.侮辱，轻蔑；侮辱性的言行"],
        ["indispensability", "n.不可缺少"],
        ["individual", "a.单独的，特有的；n.个人，个体"],
        ["indoctrinate", "v.教导；灌输思想"],
        ["indolent", "a.懒惰的"],
        ["indubitable", "a.不容置疑的"],
        ["induce", "v.诱导；引起"],
        ["induct", "v.使就职；使入伍"],
        ["induction", "n.就职，入伍仪式；归纳"],
        ["indulge", "v.放纵；满足"],
        ["indurate", "v.使坚硬；使习惯于"],
        ["industrious", "a.勤劳的，勤勉的"],
        ["ineffable", "a.妙不可言的"],
        ["ineffectual", "a.无效的，徒劳无益的"],
        ["inelasticity", "n.无弹性，无伸缩性"],
        ["ineluctable", "a.不能逃避的"],
        ["inept", "a.无能的；不适当的"],
        ["ineptitude", "n.无能，不称职"],
        ["inequity", "n.不公正，不公平"],
        ["inert", "a.惰性的；行动迟钝的"],
        ["inertia", "n.惰性；懒惰"],
        ["inexhaustible", "a.用不完的，取之不竭的"],
        ["inexorable", "a.不为所动的；坚决不变的"],
        ["inexplicable", "a.无法解释的"],
        ["infant", "n.婴儿"],
        ["infantile", "a.幼稚的，孩子气的"],
        ["infantry", "n.步兵"],
        ["infatuation", "n.迷恋"],
        ["infection", "n.传染，感染"],
        ["infelicitous", "a.不幸的，不妥当的"],
        ["infelicity", "n.不幸；不恰当"],
        ["infer", "v.推断，推定"],
        ["inferior", "a.下级的，低等的，质次的，较差的"],
        ["inferno", "n.火海，地狱般的场所"],
        ["infest", "v.骚扰，扰乱"],
        ["infiltrate", "v.渗透，渗入"],
        ["infinitesimal", "a.极微小的；n.极小量"],
        ["infinity", "n.无限的时间或空间"],
        ["infirm", "a.虚弱的"],
        ["inflame", "v.使燃烧；激怒(某人)"],
        ["inflamed", "a.发炎的"],
        ["inflammation", "n.激怒；炽热；炎症"],
        ["inflate", "v.使充气，使膨胀"],
        ["inflict", "v.遭受"],
        ["influx", "n.注入，涌入"],
        ["informed", "a.见多识广的；消息灵通的"],
        ["infraction", "n.违法"],
        ["infringe", "v.违反，侵害"],
        ["infuriate", "v.使(人)极为愤怒"],
        ["infuse", "v.灌输；鼓励"],
        ["ingenious", "a.聪明的，有发明天才的"],
        ["ingénue", "n.天真无邪的少女"],
        ["ingenuity", "n.巧思，聪敏"],
        ["ingenuous", "a.纯朴的，单纯的"],
        ["ingest", "v.咽下，吞下"],
        ["ingestion", "n.摄取，吸收；容纳"],
        ["ingrained", "a.根深蒂固的"],
        ["ingrate", "n.忘恩负义的人"],
        ["ingratiate", "v.逢迎，讨好"],
        ["ingratiating", "a.讨好的，谄媚的"],
        ["ingredient", "n.成分"],
        ["inhabit", "v.栖居于，占据"],
        ["inhabitant", "n.居民；栖息的动物"],
        ["inhale", "v.吸气"],
        ["inherit", "v.继承"],
        ["inhibit", "v.抑制"],
        ["inhibitor", "n.抑制剂"],
        ["inhumane", "a.不近人情的"],
        ["inimical", "a.敌意的，不友善的"],
        ["inimitable", "a.无法仿效的，不可比拟的"],
        ["iniquitous", "a.邪恶的，不公正的"],
        ["iniquity", "n.邪恶，不公正"],
        ["initial", "a.开始的，最初的；n.(姓名的)首字母"],
        ["initiate", "v.发起，创始；接纳或介绍某人加入某团体等"],
        ["initiative", "n.主动；首创精神"],
        ["injection", "n.注射；注射剂"],
        ["injunction", "n.命令，强制令"],
        ["injurious", "a.有害的"],
        ["inkling", "n.暗示，迹象；略知，模糊概念"],
        ["innate", "a.生来的，天赋的"],
        ["innocence", "n.无辜，清白"],
        ["innocuous", "a.(行为，言论等)无害的"],
        ["innovation", "n.创新，改革"],
        ["innovative", "a.革新的"],
        ["innuendo", "n.含沙射影，暗讽"],
        ["inoculate", "v.预防注射"],
        ["inordinate", "a.过度的，过分的"],
        ["inquiry", "n.询问"],
        ["inquisitive", "a.过分好问的；好奇的"],
        ["inroad", "n.突袭；消耗"],
        ["insatiable", "a.不能满足的，贪心的"],
        ["inscribe", "v.在某物上写，题"],
        ["inscrutable", "a.高深莫测的，神秘的"],
        ["insecticide", "n.杀虫剂"],
        ["insensate", "a.无感觉的；蠢笨的"],
        ["insentient", "a.无知觉的，无生命的"],
        ["insert", "v.插入"],
        ["insider", "n.局内人，圈内人"],
        ["insidious", "a.隐藏诡计的"],
        ["insignia", "n.徽章，袖章"],
        ["insincerity", "n.伪善"],
        ["insinuate", "v.暗指，暗示"],
        ["insipid", "a.乏味的，枯燥的"],
        ["insolence", "n.傲慢，无礼"],
        ["insolent", "a.粗野的，无礼的"],
        ["insoluble", "a.不溶解的；不能解决的"],
        ["insolvency", "n.无力偿还；破产"],
        ["insomnia", "n.失眠症"],
        ["insouciant", "a.漫不经心的"],
        ["inspection", "n.检查，细看"],
        ["inspiration", "n.启示，灵感"],
        ["inspired", "a.有创见的，有灵感的"],
        ["install", "v.安装，装置；使就职"],
        ["instantaneous", "a.立即的；瞬间发生的"],
        ["instate", "v.任命，安置"],
        ["instigate", "v.发起，煽动"],
        ["instill", "v.滴注；逐渐灌输"],
        ["instinctive", "a.本能的"],
        ["institute", "v.制定，创立(社团，规章)；n.学院，协会"],
        ["institution", "n.公共机构，协会；制度"],
        ["institutionalized", "a.制度化的，有组织的"],
        ["instructive", "a.传授知识的，启蒙的"],
        ["instrumental", "a.有帮助的，有作用的"],
        ["instrumentalist", "n.乐器演奏者"],
        ["insubordinate", "a.不服从的，反抗的"],
        ["insubstantial", "a.非实体的；薄弱的"],
        ["insufficient", "a.不足的"],
        ["insular", "a.岛屿的；心胸狭窄的"],
        ["insularity", "n.岛国状态，岛屿生活状况，与外界隔绝的生活状况；(思想, 观点等的)偏狭，性僵化"],
        ["insulate", "v.使绝缘；使隔离"],
        ["insulin", "n.胰岛素"],
        ["insurgent", "a.叛乱的，起事的；n.叛乱分子"],
        ["insurrection", "n.造反，叛乱"],
        ["intact", "a.完整的，未动过的"],
        ["intangibility", "n.无形，不可接触"],
        ["intangible", "a.不可触摸的"],
        ["integral", "a.构成整体所必需的；完整的"],
        ["integrate", "v.使成整体"],
        ["integrity", "n.正直，诚实；完整"],
        ["intellect", "n.智力，思维能力"],
        ["intellectual", "a.智力的，理智的；n.知识分子"],
        ["intelligible", "a.可了解的，清晰的"],
        ["intensify", "v.加剧"],
        ["intent", "a.专心的，渴望的；n.目的，意向"],
        ["intentional", "a.存心的，故意的"],
        ["inter", "v.埋葬"],
        ["interaction", "n.相互作用(影响)"],
        ["intercede", "v.说好话，代为求情"],
        ["intercept", "v.中途拦截，截取"],
        ["intercessor", "n.仲裁者"],
        ["interchangeable", "a.可互换的"],
        ["interdict", "v.禁止；切断(补给线)"],
        ["interference", "n.干涉，妨碍"],
        ["interim", "n.中间时期，过渡时期；a.暂时的"],
        ["interjection", "n.插入语；感叹词"],
        ["interlock", "v.连锁，连串"],
        ["interlocking", "a.连锁的"],
        ["interlude", "n.(活动间的)暂时休息"],
        ["intermediary", "n.仲裁者；中间物；a.中间的，媒介的"],
        ["interminable", "a.无尽头的"],
        ["intermingle", "v.混合，掺杂"],
        ["intermission", "n.暂停，间歇"],
        ["intermittent", "a.断断续续的，间歇的"],
        ["intern", "v.拘禁，软禁；n.实习生"],
        ["internecine", "a.内讧的，两败俱伤的"],
        ["interplay", "v./n.相互影响"],
        ["interpolate", "v.插入；篡改"],
        ["interpose", "v.置于…之间；使介入"],
        ["interregnum", "n.无王时期"],
        ["interrogate", "v.审问，审讯"],
        ["interrogative", "a.疑问的"],
        ["interrupt", "v.暂时中止；打断，打扰"],
        ["intersect", "v.横截，横断"],
        ["intersperse", "v.散布；点缀"],
        ["intertwine", "v.纠缠，缠，绕"],
        ["intervene", "v.干涉，介入"],
        ["intimate", "a.亲密的；n.密友；v.暗示"],
        ["intimidate", "v.恐吓；胁迫"],
        ["intoxicate", "v.(使)沉醉，(使)欣喜若狂；(使)喝醉"],
        ["intractable", "a.倔强的；难管的"],
        ["intransigent", "a.不妥协的"],
        ["intrepid", "a.无畏的，刚毅的"],
        ["intricacy", "n.错综，复杂，纷乱"],
        ["intricate", "a.复杂难懂的"],
        ["intrigue", "v.密谋；引起…极大兴趣"],
        ["introspective", "a.自省的"],
        ["intrude", "v.把(思想等)强加于，闯入"],
        ["intuition", "n.直觉"],
        ["intuitive", "a.直觉的"],
        ["inundate", "v.淹没；泛滥"],
        ["inured", "a.习惯的"],
        ["invade", "v.侵犯，侵入"],
        ["invective", "n.猛烈抨击，痛骂"],
        ["inveigh", "v.痛骂，抨击"],
        ["inveigle", "v.诱骗，诱使"],
        ["inventory", "n.详细目录；存货清单"],
        ["inverse", "a.相反的；倒转的"],
        ["invert", "v.上下倒置"],
        ["invertebrate", "adj./n.无脊椎的(动物)"],
        ["investigate", "v.调查"],
        ["inveterate", "a.积习已深的"],
        ["invidious", "a.惹人反感的，导致伤害和仇恨的，招人嫉妒的"],
        ["invigorate", "v.鼓舞，激励"],
        ["invigorating", "a.使人有精神的，使人健壮的"],
        ["inviolable", "a.不可侵犯的；不可亵渎的"],
        ["invoke", "v.祈求；恳求；(法律的)实施生效"],
        ["involuntary", "a.无意的"],
        ["invulnerable", "a.无法伤害的"],
        ["iodine", "n.碘；碘酒"],
        ["iota", "n.极小量，极少"],
        ["irascible", "a.易发怒的"],
        ["irate", "a.发怒的"],
        ["ire", "n.愤怒；v.激怒"],
        ["iridescent", "a.闪彩光的，现晕光的"],
        ["irk", "v.使苦恼的，厌烦"],
        ["irksome", "a.令人苦恼的，讨厌的"],
        ["ironclad", "a.装铁甲的；坚固的"],
        ["ironic", "a.挖苦的；出乎意料的"],
        ["irony", "n.反话"],
        ["irradicable", "a.不能根除的"],
        ["irreconcilable", "a.不能协调的，矛盾的"],
        ["irredeemable", "a.无法挽回的"],
        ["irreducible", "a.不能约的"],
        ["irremediable", "a.无法治愈的，无法纠正的"],
        ["irrepressible", "a.无法约束或阻止的"],
        ["irrevocable", "a.无法取消的"],
        ["irrigate", "v.灌溉"],
        ["irritable", "a.易怒的；易受刺激的"],
        ["irritate", "v.激怒；刺激"],
        ["irritation", "n.愤怒，急躁，刺激"],
        ["isolate", "v.孤立；将…从其种群中隔离"],
        ["isotope", "n.同位素"],
        ["issue", "v.出来，流出；发给，分发；n.(书刊的)期"],
        ["isthmus", "n.地峡"],
        ["itinerant", "a.巡回的，流动的"],
        ["itinerary", "n.行程表；旅行路线"],
        ["ivory", "n.象牙，长牙"],
        ["jabber", "v.快而不清楚地说"],
        ["jade", "n.疲惫的老马；玉，翡翠"],
        ["jaded", "a.疲惫的；厌倦的；(胶卷)暴光过分的"],
        ["jagged", "a.锯齿状的，不整齐的"],
        ["jamb", "n.门窗的侧柱"],
        ["jar", "v.冲突，抵触；震惊；发刺耳声"],
        ["jargon", "n.暗语；行话"],
        ["jarring", "a.声音刺耳的"],
        ["jaundice", "n.偏见；黄疸"],
        ["jaundiced", "a.有偏见的"],
        ["jaunt", "n./v.短程旅游"],
        ["jaunty", "a.愉快的，满足的"],
        ["jazz", "n.爵士乐；喧闹"],
        ["jealousy", "n.猜忌，嫉妒"],
        ["jeer", "v.嘲笑"],
        ["jejune", "a.空洞的；不成熟的"],
        ["jerk", "n./v.突然猛拉"],
        ["jeopardize", "v.危及，危害"],
        ["jeopardy", "n.危险"],
        ["jest", "v./n.说笑，玩笑"],
        ["jettison", "v.(船)向外抛弃东西；n.抛弃的货物"],
        ["jibe", "v.与…一致，符合"],
        ["jigsaw", "n.拼图游戏"],
        ["jingoism", "n.沙文主义；侵略主义"],
        ["jockey", "n.骑师；v.用计谋获取"],
        ["jocular", "a.滑稽的，诙谐的；嬉戏的"],
        ["jocund", "a.快乐的，高兴的"],
        ["jog", "v.慢而平静地前进"],
        ["jolt", "v.颠簸着移动；n.震动，摇晃"],
        ["jot", "v.摘要记录"],
        ["jovial", "a.愉快的"],
        ["jubilation", "n.欢快，欢庆"],
        ["judicial", "a.法庭的，法官的"],
        ["judicious", "a.有判断力的；明智的"],
        ["judiciousness", "n.明智"],
        ["juggernaut", "n.摧毁一切的强大力量"],
        ["jumble", "v.混杂，掺杂；n.混杂，掺杂"],
        ["junction", "n.交叉路口；连接"],
        ["jurisdiction", "n.司法权，审判权，裁判权"],
        ["justifiable", "a.有理由的，无可非议的"],
        ["justification", "n.正当理由，好的（正义的）原因；辨护"],
        ["justify", "v.证明…是正当的"],
        ["juvenile", "a.少年的，似少年的"],
        ["juxtapose", "v.并排，并置"],
        ["kaleidoscope", "n.万花筒；产生有趣的对称效果"],
        ["kangaroo", "n.袋鼠"],
        ["ken", "n.视野范围；知识范围"],
        ["kennel", "n.狗舍，狗窝"],
        ["kernel", "n.果仁；核心"],
        ["kidnap", "v.诱拐，绑架，勒赎"],
        ["kidney", "n.肾"],
        ["killjoy", "n.令人扫兴的人"],
        ["kin", "n.亲属"],
        ["kindle", "v.着火，点燃"],
        ["kindred", "a.同类的，种族的"],
        ["kinetic", "a.运动的"],
        ["knack", "n.特殊能力；窍门"],
        ["knave", "n.流氓，恶棍"],
        ["knead", "v.揉制，捏制"],
        ["knit", "v.编织"],
        ["knotty", "a.有节疤的"],
        ["know-how", "n.专业技能，知识"],
        ["kudos", "n.荣誉"],
        ["labile", "a.不稳定的"],
        ["labored", "a.吃力的；(文体等)不自然的"],
        ["labyrinth", "n.迷宫"],
        ["lace", "n.鞋带，系带；网眼花边，透孔织品"],
        ["lacerate", "v.撕裂；深深伤害"],
        ["lachrymose", "a.好流泪的；引人落泪的"],
        ["lackadaisical", "a.无精打采的；无兴趣的"],
        ["lackluster", "a.无光泽的；呆滞的"],
        ["laconic", "a.简洁的"],
        ["lactic", "a.乳汁的"],
        ["lag", "v.落后，滞留"],
        ["lair", "n.野兽的巢穴；躲藏处"],
        ["laity", "n.俗信徒，俗人阶级；外行"],
        ["lambaste", "v.痛打；痛骂"],
        ["lament", "v./n.悲伤；哀悼"],
        ["lampoon", "n.讽刺文章；v.讽刺"],
        ["lance", "n.长矛；鱼叉"],
        ["lancet", "n.手术刀"],
        ["landfill", "n.垃圾堆"],
        ["landlocked", "a.被陆地包围的"],
        ["landmark", "n.陆标；里程碑"],
        ["landslide", "n.山崩；压倒性胜利"],
        ["languid", "a.没精打采的，倦怠的"],
        ["languish", "v.变得消瘦；衰弱"],
        ["languor", "n.身心疲惫"],
        ["lank", "a.瘦削的；长而软的"],
        ["lap", "v.舔食；泼溅"],
        ["lapse", "n.失误；(时间等)流逝"],
        ["larder", "n.食品室"],
        ["largess", "n.赠送，赏赐；赠品；贺礼"],
        ["largesse", "n.慷慨援助；施舍"],
        ["lark", "n./v.玩乐，嬉耍"],
        ["larva", "n.(昆虫的)幼虫"],
        ["lash", "n.鞭子；v.鞭打；捆住"],
        ["lassitude", "n.无力；没精打采"],
        ["lasso", "n.套索(捕捉牛、马用)"],
        ["lasting", "a.持久的，永久的"],
        ["latency", "n.潜伏期"],
        ["latent", "a.潜伏的"],
        ["lateral", "a.侧面的"],
        ["lathe", "n.车床"],
        ["latitude", "n.言行自由；纬度"],
        ["lattice", "n.(做篱笆或爬藤架等的)格子架"],
        ["laud", "v.称赞"],
        ["lava", "n.熔岩"],
        ["lave", "v.洗浴；慢慢冲刷"],
        ["lavish", "a.浪费的；丰富的"],
        ["laxative", "a.(药)通便的；放松的；n.轻泻药"],
        ["leak", "v.泄漏；n.泄漏；漏出量，漏洞"],
        ["leakage", "n.渗漏，漏出"],
        ["lease", "n.租约；租期；v.出租"],
        ["leaven", "n.发酵剂；影响力；v.发酵；影响"],
        ["lectern", "n.教堂里的读经台"],
        ["ledger", "n.账簿"],
        ["leer", "v.斜眼看，送秋波"],
        ["leery", "a.机警的，怀疑的"],
        ["legacy", "n.遗产；遗留之物"],
        ["legend", "n.地图里的说明文字或图例"],
        ["legerdemain", "n.手法；戏法"],
        ["legion", "n.兵团；一大群"],
        ["legislate", "v.制定法律"],
        ["legislation", "n.法律，法规，立法"],
        ["legislature", "n.立法机关，立法团体"],
        ["legitimate", "a.合法的；正当的"],
        ["leisureliness", "n.悠然，从容"],
        ["leniency", "n.温和，宽容"],
        ["lenient", "a.宽大的；仁慈的"],
        ["lethal", "a.致命的"],
        ["lethargic", "a.昏睡的"],
        ["lethargy", "n.昏睡；倦怠；呆滞懒散"],
        ["levee", "n.防洪堤；堤岸"],
        ["levelheaded", "a.头脑冷静的，稳健的"],
        ["lever", "n.杠杆；v.撬动"],
        ["levity", "n.轻率；轻浮"],
        ["levy", "v./n.征税；征兵"],
        ["lexicographer", "n.词典编纂人"],
        ["liability", "n.责任；债务"],
        ["liaison", "n.联系；暧昧关系"],
        ["libel", "v./n.(文字)诽谤，中伤"],
        ["liberality", "n.慷慨；心胸开阔"],
        ["liberate", "v.释放，解放"],
        ["libertine", "n.性行为放纵者，浪荡的人"],
        ["liberty", "n.随意，冒失"],
        ["libretto", "n.(歌剧等)歌词；剧本"],
        ["license", "n.放肆，自由；许可证，执照"],
        ["licentious", "a.纵欲的；放肆的"],
        ["lien", "n.扣押权；留置权"],
        ["ligneous", "a.木质的，木头的"],
        ["liken", "v.把…比作…"],
        ["limb", "n.肢(手或脚)，翼"],
        ["limber", "a.易弯曲的；敏捷的"],
        ["limerick", "n.五行打油诗"],
        ["limestone", "n.石灰岩"],
        ["limited", "a.有限的"],
        ["limn", "v.描写；画"],
        ["limousine", "n.大型轿车，大客车"],
        ["limp", "v.跛行；a.软弱的，松软的"],
        ["limpid", "a.清澈的；透明的"],
        ["lineage", "n.宗系，血统"],
        ["linear", "a.线的；成直线的"],
        ["linen", "n.亚麻织品，亚麻布"],
        ["linger", "v.逗留，留恋"],
        ["linguistic", "a.语言的"],
        ["linguistics", "n.语言学"],
        ["linoleum", "n.油毡"],
        ["lint", "n.绷带用麻布，皮棉"],
        ["lionize", "v.崇拜，看重"],
        ["liquefy", "v.(使)液化，(使)溶解"],
        ["liquid", "a.清澈的"],
        ["liquidate", "v.清算；清偿"],
        ["lissome", "a.姿态优雅的，柔软的"],
        ["list", "v./n.倾斜"],
        ["listless", "a.无精打采的"],
        ["literal", "a.字面上的；忠实原义的；精确的"],
        ["literate", "a.有读写能力的；有文化修养的"],
        ["literati", "n.文人；学者(复数)"],
        ["lithe", "a.柔软的，易弯曲的；敏捷的，轻快的"],
        ["litigant", "n.诉讼当事人"],
        ["litigation", "n.诉讼"],
        ["litter", "n.垃圾；一窝(动物)"],
        ["loaf", "n.一条(面包)；v.虚度光阴"],
        ["loath", "a.不情愿的，勉强的"],
        ["loathe", "v.憎恨，厌恶"],
        ["lobby", "n.大厅，休息厅"],
        ["lobe", "n.耳垂；(肺、肝等的)叶"],
        ["locale", "n.事件发生的现场、地点"],
        ["locomotion", "n.运动，移动"],
        ["locomotive", "a.移动的；n.机车，火车头"],
        ["locus", "n.地点，所在地"],
        ["lode", "n.矿脉"],
        ["lofty", "a.崇高的，高尚的"],
        ["log", "n./v.日志，记录；n.一段大木头；圆木"],
        ["logistics", "n.后勤学；后勤"],
        ["loll", "v.懒洋洋地坐或卧"],
        ["longevity", "n.长寿"],
        ["longing", "n.渴望"],
        ["long-winded", "a.冗长的"],
        ["loom", "n.织布机；v.(威胁性)隐约出现"],
        ["loon", "n.愚人；疯子"],
        ["loop", "n.圈，金属线圈"],
        ["loophole", "n.枪眼，小窗，换气孔"],
        ["loosen", "v.变松，松开"],
        ["lope", "n.轻快的步伐；v.使大步慢跑；跳跃"],
        ["lopsided", "a.倾向一方的，不平衡的"],
        ["loquacious", "a.多嘴的，饶舌的"],
        ["lot", "n.签；命运；v.抽签，划分"],
        ["lottery", "n.彩票，抽彩给奖法"],
        ["lounge", "v.懒散地斜靠；n.休息室"],
        ["loutish", "a.粗鲁的"],
        ["low", "v.牛叫"],
        ["loyal", "a.忠诚的，忠贞的，忠心的"],
        ["lubricant", "n.润滑剂"],
        ["lubricate", "v.润滑"],
        ["lucid", "a.表达清楚的，明白易懂的"],
        ["lucrative", "a.赚钱的，有利可图的"],
        ["ludicrous", "a.荒唐可笑的"],
        ["lug", "v./n.拖，拉"],
        ["lukewarm", "a.微温的，不热心的"],
        ["lull", "n.活动的暂停；v.使平静"],
        ["lullaby", "n.摇篮曲"],
        ["lumber", "v.蹒跚而行，笨拙地走；n.杂物；木材"],
        ["lumberjack", "n.伐木工"],
        ["lumen", "n.流明(光通量单位)"],
        ["luminary", "n.杰出人物，名人"],
        ["lump", "n.一块，肿块；v.形成块状"],
        ["lunar", "a.月亮的"],
        ["lunatic", "n.疯子；a.极蠢的"],
        ["lurch", "n.突然向前或旁边倒；v.蹒跚而行"],
        ["lurid", "a.耀眼的；骇人听闻的"],
        ["lurk", "v.潜伏，埋伏"],
        ["lush", "a.繁茂的，茂盛的"],
        ["lust", "n.强烈的欲望"],
        ["lustrous", "a.有光泽的"],
        ["luxuriant", "a.繁茂的；肥沃的"],
        ["luxurious", "a.奢侈的，豪华的"],
        ["luxury", "n.奢侈(品)"],
        ["lyric", "a.抒情的；n.抒情诗；歌词"],
        ["macabre", "a.骇人的，可怖的"],
        ["macerate", "v.浸软；消瘦"],
        ["machination", "n.阴谋"],
        ["maculated", "a.有斑点的"],
        ["madrigal", "n.抒情短诗，情歌，合唱曲"],
        ["maelstrom", "n.大漩涡；大混乱"],
        ["magenta", "n./a.紫红色(的)；n.紫红色的染料"],
        ["magisterial", "a.有权威的；威风的"],
        ["magnanimity", "n.慷慨"],
        ["magnanimous", "a.宽宏大量的，慷慨的"],
        ["magnate", "n.财主，巨头"],
        ["magnificent", "a.壮丽的，宏伟的；高尚的"],
        ["magnify", "v.放大；赞美"],
        ["magnitude", "n.重要；星球的光亮度"],
        ["magpie", "n.鹊；饶舌的人"],
        ["maintenance", "n.维持，维护"],
        ["maize", "n.玉米"],
        ["majestic", "a.雄伟的，庄严的"],
        ["maladroit", "a.笨拙的"],
        ["malaise", "n.不适，不舒服"],
        ["malapropism", "n.字的误用"],
        ["malcontent", "a.不满的；n.不满分子，反抗者"],
        ["malevolent", "a.有恶意的，恶毒的"],
        ["malfeasance", "n.不法行为，渎职"],
        ["malfunction", "v.发生故障；n.故障，障碍"],
        ["malicious", "a.恶意的，怨毒的"],
        ["malign", "v.诽谤，中伤；a.邪恶的"],
        ["malinger", "v.装病以逃避工作"],
        ["malleable", "a.可塑的，易改变的"],
        ["malpractice", "n.玩忽职守，渎职"],
        ["mammal", "n.哺乳动物"],
        ["mammoth", "a.巨大的"],
        ["mandate", "n.命令，指令"],
        ["mandatory", "a.命令的，强迫的"],
        ["mangle", "v.毁损；撕成碎片，压碎"],
        ["mania", "n.癫狂；狂热"],
        ["manifest", "a.显然的"],
        ["manifestation", "n.表明，显示"],
        ["manifesto", "n.宣言，声明"],
        ["manifold", "a.繁多的；多种的"],
        ["manipulate", "v.操纵"],
        ["manipulative", "a.操纵别人的，老于世故的"],
        ["mannered", "a.做作的"],
        ["mansion", "n.公馆；大厦"],
        ["mantle", "n.披风，斗篷；v.覆盖"],
        ["manumit", "v.解放(奴隶)"],
        ["manure", "n.粪肥；v.给…施肥"],
        ["manuscript", "n.手稿；手抄本"],
        ["maple", "n.枫树(枫树是加拿大的国树)"],
        ["mar", "v.破坏，损伤"],
        ["marble", "n.大理石"],
        ["mare", "n.母马，母驴"],
        ["margarine", "n.人造黄油"],
        ["margin", "n.页边空白，边缘；差额；余地；利润"],
        ["marginal", "a.书页空白处的；不重要的"],
        ["marine", "a.海的；海中的"],
        ["marionette", "n.木偶"],
        ["marital", "a.婚姻的"],
        ["maritime", "a.沿海的；海上的"],
        ["marked", "a.明显的；被监视的"],
        ["maroon", "n./a.栗色(的)"],
        ["marred", "a.受伤的；毁坏变形的"],
        ["marsh", "n.沼泽地，湿地"],
        ["marshal", "v.整理，安排，设置"],
        ["marsupial", "n./a.有袋动物(的)"],
        ["martial", "a.战争的，军事的"],
        ["martyr", "n.烈士，殉道者"],
        ["marvel", "v.对…感到惊异；n.奇迹"],
        ["mash", "v.捣成糊状"],
        ["mask", "n.假面具；v.隐藏(感情)"],
        ["mason", "n.泥瓦匠，石匠"],
        ["masquerade", "n.化装舞会；v.伪装"],
        ["massacre", "n.大屠杀"],
        ["massive", "a.巨大的，厚重的"],
        ["mast", "n.船桅，旗杆"],
        ["masticate", "v.咀嚼；把…磨成浆"],
        ["mate", "n.伙伴；配偶；v.交配"],
        ["materialize", "v.赋予形体，使具体化；实现"],
        ["maternal", "a.母性的"],
        ["matrix", "n.模子；矩阵"],
        ["mattress", "n.床垫"],
        ["mature", "a.成熟的；深思熟虑的"],
        ["maturity", "n.成熟，完备"],
        ["maudlin", "a.感情脆弱的，爱哭的"],
        ["maul", "v.撕裂皮肉，伤害"],
        ["mauve", "a.淡紫色的"],
        ["maven", "n.专家，内行"],
        ["maverick", "n.想法与众不同的人"],
        ["mawkish", "a.自作多情的；淡而无味的，令人作呕的"],
        ["maximize", "v.使增至最大限度"],
        ["maze", "n.迷宫"],
        ["meager", "a.贫乏的；削瘦的"],
        ["mean", "a.卑贱的，吝啬的"],
        ["meander", "v.蜿蜒而流；漫步"],
        ["measly", "a.患麻疹的；小得可怜的"],
        ["measured", "a.精确的；慎重的"],
        ["mechanical", "a.机械的，机械制造的；机械似的，呆板的，体力的"],
        ["mechanics", "n.力学"],
        ["mechanism", "n.结构，机制"],
        ["medal", "n.奖牌，勋章"],
        ["meddle", "v.干涉，干预"],
        ["meddlesome", "a.爱管闲事的"],
        ["mediate", "v.调停"],
        ["medieval", "a.中世纪的，中古的"],
        ["mediocre", "a.平庸的，平凡的"],
        ["mediocrity", "n.平庸，碌碌无为"],
        ["meditate", "v.沉思，反省"],
        ["meditation", "n.沉思，冥想"],
        ["meditative", "a.沉思的，善于思考的"],
        ["medium", "n.媒介；(细菌等的)生存环境"],
        ["medley", "n.混合歌曲；混杂；各种各样的集团"],
        ["meek", "a.温顺的，顺服的"],
        ["meet", "a.合适的"],
        ["melancholy", "a.忧郁的；令人悲伤的"],
        ["meld", "v.(使)混合，(使)合并"],
        ["mellifluous", "a.(音乐等)柔美流畅的"],
        ["melodrama", "n.情节剧；音乐戏剧"],
        ["melody", "n.旋律；歌曲"],
        ["melon", "n.甜瓜"],
        ["membrane", "n.薄膜；细胞膜"],
        ["memoir", "n.回忆录，自传；记事录"],
        ["memorial", "n.纪念碑，纪念物；a.纪念的，悼念的"],
        ["menace", "v./n.威胁，危险"],
        ["mend", "v.修改，改进"],
        ["mendacious", "a.不真的；撒谎的"],
        ["mendacity", "n.虚假"],
        ["mendicant", "a.行乞的；n.乞丐"],
        ["menthol", "n.薄荷醇"],
        ["mentor", "n.导师"],
        ["mercantile", "a.贸易的，商业的"],
        ["mercenary", "a.惟利是图的；n.雇佣兵"],
        ["mercurial", "a.善变的；活泼的"],
        ["meretricious", "a.华而不实的，俗艳的"],
        ["merit", "v.值得"],
        ["merited", "a.该得的，理所当然的"],
        ["meritorious", "a.值得赞赏的"],
        ["mesa", "n.高台地，平顶山"],
        ["mesh", "v.用网捕捉；齿合"],
        ["metabolism", "n.新陈代谢"],
        ["metamorphose", "v.变形"],
        ["metaphor", "n.隐喻，暗喻"],
        ["metaphysical", "a.形而上学的，玄学的"],
        ["metaphysics", "n.形而上学，玄学"],
        ["mete", "v.给予，分配；测量；n.边界"],
        ["meteoric", "a.流星的；昙花一现的"],
        ["meteorology", "n.气象学"],
        ["methodical", "a.细心的，有条不紊的"],
        ["meticulous", "a.细心的，一丝不苟的"],
        ["metrical", "a.测量的；韵律的"],
        ["metropolis", "n.大城市"],
        ["metropolitan", "a.大都市的，首都的"],
        ["mettle", "n.勇气，斗志"],
        ["mettlesome", "a.精神抖擞的"],
        ["microbe", "n.微生物"],
        ["microorganism", "n.微生物，细菌"],
        ["microscope", "n.显微镜"],
        ["microscopic", "a.极小的；显微镜的"],
        ["miff", "n.小争吵"],
        ["mighty", "a.强有力的，强大的"],
        ["migratory", "a.迁移的，流浪的"],
        ["milestone", "n.里程碑；转折点"],
        ["militia", "n.民兵"],
        ["milk", "v.榨取"],
        ["mill", "n.磨坊；压榨机；制造厂"],
        ["mime", "n.哑剧表演；哑剧(演员)"],
        ["mimic", "v.模仿，戏弄；n.模仿他人言行的人"],
        ["minaret", "n.清真寺的尖塔"],
        ["minatory", "a.威胁的，恫吓的"],
        ["mince", "v.切碎；小步走路"],
        ["mingle", "v.混合"],
        ["miniature", "n.小画像；缩影"],
        ["minimize", "v.把…减至最低数量或程度"],
        ["minion", "n.奴才，低下之人"],
        ["minnow", "n.鲦鱼，小淡水鱼"],
        ["mint", "n.大量；巨额"],
        ["minuet", "n.小步舞"],
        ["minuscule", "a.极小的"],
        ["minutes", "n.会议记录"],
        ["minutia", "n.细枝末节，细节"],
        ["miracle", "n.奇事，奇迹"],
        ["mirage", "n.幻影，海市蜃楼"],
        ["mire", "n.泥沼；困境；v.使…陷入困境"],
        ["mirth", "n.欢乐，欢笑"],
        ["misanthrope", "n.愤世嫉俗者"],
        ["mischievous", "a.淘气的；有害处的"],
        ["miscreant", "n.恶棍，歹徒"],
        ["miser", "n.守财奴，吝啬鬼"],
        ["miserly", "a.吝啬的，贪婪的"],
        ["misgiving", "n.担心，疑虑"],
        ["misinform", "v.向…提供错误信息"],
        ["misnomer", "n.名字的误用"],
        ["misperceive", "v.误解"],
        ["misrepresent", "v.误传，歪曲"],
        ["misrepresentation", "n.歪曲"],
        ["misshapen", "a.畸形的，奇形怪状的"],
        ["missile", "n.发射物；导弹"],
        ["mite", "n.极小量；小虫"],
        ["mitigate", "v.减轻，缓和"],
        ["mitten", "n.(四指套在一起拇指分开的)连指手套"],
        ["mnemonics", "n.记忆法，记忆规则"],
        ["moan", "v./n.(痛苦地/的)呻吟；(不满地/的)抱怨"],
        ["moat", "n.壕沟；护城河"],
        ["mobile", "a.易于移动的"],
        ["mobility", "n.可动性，流动性"],
        ["mock", "v.嘲笑；模仿地嘲弄"],
        ["mode", "n.样式，时尚；模式"],
        ["modest", "a.谦虚的，谨慎的；适度的"],
        ["modicum", "n.少量"],
        ["modify", "v.修改，变更"],
        ["modish", "a.时髦的"],
        ["modulate", "v.调整(音的强弱)"],
        ["mogul", "n.显要人物，权势之人"],
        ["molar", "n.臼齿"],
        ["mold", "n.模子；(美)霉；v.塑造"],
        ["molding", "n.装饰线条；铸造物"],
        ["moldy", "a.发霉的"],
        ["molecule", "n.分子"],
        ["mollify", "v.安慰，安抚"],
        ["mollycoddle", "v.过分爱惜，娇惯；n.娇生惯养的人"],
        ["molt", "v.换羽，脱毛；n.换羽(期)，脱毛(期)"],
        ["molten", "v.熔化；a.熔化的"],
        ["moment", "n.瞬间；重要"],
        ["momentous", "a.极重要的，严重的"],
        ["momentum", "n.推进力，势头"],
        ["monarch", "n.君主，帝王"],
        ["monarchy", "n.君主制"],
        ["monetary", "a.货币的"],
        ["mongrel", "n.杂种动物；混血儿"],
        ["monochromatic", "a.单色的"],
        ["monochrome", "a.单色的，单色画的"],
        ["monocle", "n.单片眼镜"],
        ["monogamy", "n.一夫一妻制"],
        ["monolithic", "a.巨石的，巨大的"],
        ["monologue", "n.独白；个人长篇演说"],
        ["monomania", "n.偏狂症，狂热病"],
        ["monopoly", "n.专利权，垄断"],
        ["monotonous", "a.单调的，无聊的"],
        ["monotony", "n.单调，千篇一律"],
        ["monsoon", "n.季雨，季风"],
        ["montage", "n.蒙太奇；拼集画"],
        ["monumental", "a.极大的；纪念碑的"],
        ["morale", "n.士气，精神力量"],
        ["moralistic", "a.道学气的"],
        ["moratorium", "n.停止偿付；禁止活动"],
        ["morbid", "a.病态的，不正常的"],
        ["mordant", "a.讥讽的，尖酸的"],
        ["mores", "n.风俗习惯，道德观念"],
        ["moribund", "a.即将结束的；垂死的"],
        ["morose", "a.阴郁的"],
        ["morsel", "n.一小块(食物)；小量"],
        ["mortality", "n.死亡率"],
        ["mortar", "n.小臼，乳钵；迫击炮"],
        ["mortgage", "n.抵押贷款；抵押证书；v.用…作抵押"],
        ["mortification", "n.耻辱，屈辱"],
        ["mortify", "v.使屈辱，使痛心"],
        ["mortuary", "n.停尸间，太平间"],
        ["mosaic", "n.马赛克；镶嵌细工(把小块玻璃石头等镶嵌成图画)"],
        ["mosque", "n.清真寺(伊斯兰教的寺庙)"],
        ["mosquito", "n.蚊子"],
        ["mote", "n.微粒，微尘"],
        ["motif", "n.(作品)主题，主旨"],
        ["motility", "n.运动性"],
        ["motley", "a.混杂的；杂色的"],
        ["mottled", "a.有杂色的，斑驳的"],
        ["motto", "n.座右铭；箴言"],
        ["mountainous", "a.多山的；巨大的"],
        ["mourn", "v.哀悼，哀伤"],
        ["mournful", "a.悲伤的"],
        ["movement", "n.(交响乐)乐章"],
        ["muffle", "v.使声音降低；裹住"],
        ["muffled", "a.(声音)压低的"],
        ["muffler", "n.消音器；围巾"],
        ["mulish", "a.骡一样的，执拗的"],
        ["multiple", "a.多样的，多重的"],
        ["multiplicity", "n.多样性"],
        ["multiply", "v.乘；增加；繁殖"],
        ["mumble", "v.咕哝，含糊不清地说"],
        ["mundane", "a.现世的，世俗的"],
        ["municipality", "n.市；市政当局(指城市行政区及管理者)"],
        ["munificence", "n.慷慨，宽宏大量"],
        ["munition", "n.军火，弹药"],
        ["mural", "a.墙壁的；n.壁画"],
        ["murky", "a.黑暗的；朦胧的"],
        ["murmur", "v.柔声地说，喃喃而言"],
        ["muscle", "n.肌肉；肌肉的力量"],
        ["muscular", "a.肌肉的；强健的"],
        ["muse", "v.沉思，冥想"],
        ["mushroom", "n.蘑菇；v.雨后春笋般迅速发展"],
        ["musicologist", "n.音乐学者"],
        ["musket", "n.旧式步枪"],
        ["muster", "v.召集，聚集"],
        ["mutate", "v.变异"],
        ["mute", "a.沉默的；v.减弱声音；n.弱音器"],
        ["muted", "a.(声音)减弱的，变得轻柔的"],
        ["mutineer", "n.反叛者，背叛者"],
        ["mutter", "v.咕哝，嘀咕"],
        ["myopia", "n.近视；缺乏远见"],
        ["myopic", "a.近视眼的；缺乏辨别力的"],
        ["myriad", "a.许多的，无数的"],
        ["mystic", "a.神秘的，不可思议的；n.神秘主义者"],
        ["nadir", "n.最低点"],
        ["nag", "v.唠叨，烦扰"],
        ["naive", "a.天真的，纯朴的"],
        ["narcissism", "n.自恋，自爱"],
        ["narcissist", "n.自负的人，自恋者"],
        ["narcotic", "n.催眠药；a.催眠的"],
        ["narrative", "a.叙述的，讲故事的"],
        ["nascent", "a.初生的，萌芽的"],
        ["natal", "a.出生的，诞生时的"],
        ["natty", "a.整洁的；潇洒的"],
        ["nausea", "n.作呕，恶心"],
        ["nauseate", "v.使作呕，使厌恶"],
        ["nautical", "a.船员的，航海的"],
        ["navigate", "v.航海，导航"],
        ["naysay", "v.拒绝，说不"],
        ["nebulous", "a.模糊不清的；云状的"],
        ["needle", "n.针；针叶"],
        ["needlework", "n.缝纫，刺绣"],
        ["needy", "a.贫穷的"],
        ["nefarious", "a.违法的，邪恶的"],
        ["negate", "v.取消；否认"],
        ["negation", "n.否定，拒绝"],
        ["negligence", "n.粗心，疏忽"],
        ["negotiable", "a.可商量的"],
        ["negotiate", "v.商议，谈判，交涉"],
        ["neolithic", "a.新石器时代的"],
        ["neologism", "n.新字，新义"],
        ["neophyte", "n.初学者，新手"],
        ["nepotism", "n.裙带关系"],
        ["nerve", "n.勇气；v.给予力量或勇气"],
        ["nettle", "n.荨麻；v.烦忧，激恼"],
        ["neurology", "n.神经学"],
        ["neutralize", "v.使无效；中和"],
        ["neutron", "n.中子"],
        ["nexus", "n.(看法等的)联系，连结"],
        ["nib", "n.钢笔尖"],
        ["nibble", "v.一点点地咬，慢慢啃"],
        ["nice", "a.精密的"],
        ["nicety", "n.准确，精确"],
        ["nick", "n.小伤口，刻痕"],
        ["nicotine", "n.尼古丁"],
        ["nightmare", "n.恶梦；可怕的事"],
        ["nil", "n.无，零"],
        ["nip", "v.小口啜饮"],
        ["nitpick", "v.挑剔，吹毛求疵"],
        ["nocturnal", "a.夜晚的，夜间发生的"],
        ["noisome", "a.恶臭的；令人不快的"],
        ["nomad", "n.流浪者；游牧部落的人"],
        ["nomadic", "a.游牧的"],
        ["nominal", "a.名义上的，有名无实的"],
        ["nominate", "v.提名；任命，指定"],
        ["nonchalance", "n.冷漠，缺少关怀；沉着"],
        ["nonchalant", "a.冷漠的"],
        ["noncommittal", "a.态度暖味的；不承担义务的"],
        ["nonconformist", "adj./n.不遵照传统生活的(人)"],
        ["nonentity", "n.不重要之人或事"],
        ["nonflammable", "a.不易燃的"],
        ["nonplus", "v.使窘困迷惑；n.迷惑，窘境"],
        ["nonporous", "a.无孔的，不渗透的"],
        ["nonradioactive", "a.非放射性的"],
        ["nonsensical", "a.荒唐的，无意义的"],
        ["nonthreatening", "a.不威胁的"],
        ["nonviable", "a.无法生存的"],
        ["norm", "n.规范，准则"],
        ["nostalgia", "n.怀旧之情"],
        ["nostrum", "n.家传秘方；万灵丹"],
        ["notable", "a.明显的，出众的，重要的"],
        ["notch", "n.V字形刻痕"],
        ["notorious", "a.臭名昭著的"],
        ["nourish", "v.滋养，怀有(希望等)"],
        ["nova", "n.新星"],
        ["novelty", "n.新奇(的事物)"],
        ["novice", "n.生手，新手"],
        ["noxious", "a.有害的，有毒的"],
        ["nuance", "n.细微的差异"],
        ["nubile", "a.(女孩)到婚嫁年龄的；吸引人的"],
        ["nucleate", "v.使成核"],
        ["nucleus", "n.(原子)核"],
        ["nudge", "v.(用肘)轻触，轻推"],
        ["nugatory", "a.无价值的，琐碎的"],
        ["nullify", "v.使无效，取消"],
        ["numb", "a.麻木的"],
        ["numerous", "a.许多的，很多的"],
        ["numismatist", "n.钱币学家，钱币收藏家"],
        ["nurture", "v.抚育，给…营养物，教养；n.养育，营养物；(总称)环境因素"],
        ["nutrient", "n.滋养物质"],
        ["nutrition", "n.营养"],
        ["oafishness", "n.痴呆"],
        ["oak", "n.橡树"],
        ["oasis", "n.绿洲"],
        ["oath", "n.誓言；咒骂"],
        ["obdurate", "a.固执的，顽固的"],
        ["obedient", "a.服从的，顺从的"],
        ["obeisance", "n.鞠躬，敬礼"],
        ["obese", "a.极肥胖的"],
        ["obfuscate", "v.使困惑，使迷惑"],
        ["obituary", "n.讣闻，讣告"],
        ["objection", "n.厌恶，反对"],
        ["objective", "a.客观的；n.目标"],
        ["obligation", "n.责任；债务，欠的人情"],
        ["obligatory", "a.强制性的，义务的"],
        ["oblige", "v.束缚；恩惠于…"],
        ["obliging", "a.恳切的，热心助人的"],
        ["oblique", "a.间接的；斜的"],
        ["obliterate", "v.涂掉，擦掉"],
        ["oblivious", "a.遗忘的，疏忽的"],
        ["obloquy", "n.大骂，斥责"],
        ["obnoxious", "a.令人不愉快的；可憎的"],
        ["obscure", "a.难理解的；不清楚的；v.隐藏；使…模糊"],
        ["obscurity", "n.费解，不出名"],
        ["obsequious", "a.逢迎的，谄媚的"],
        ["observatory", "n.天文台"],
        ["obsess", "v.迷住；使…困窘，使…烦扰"],
        ["obsessed", "a.心神不宁的"],
        ["obsession", "n.入迷；固执的念头"],
        ["obsolescent", "a.即将过时的"],
        ["obsolete", "a.废弃的；过时的"],
        ["obstacle", "n.障碍，干扰"],
        ["obstinacy", "n.固执，倔强，顽固"],
        ["obstinate", "a.固执的，倔强的"],
        ["obstreperous", "a.吵闹的，难管束的"],
        ["obstruct", "v.阻塞，截断"],
        ["obstruction", "n.阻碍(物)，妨碍"],
        ["obtainable", "a.能得到的"],
        ["obtuse", "a.愚笨的；不锐利的"],
        ["obverse", "n./a.正面(的)"],
        ["obviate", "v.排除(困难)"],
        ["obvious", "a.明显的，显而易见的"],
        ["occlude", "v.使闭塞"],
        ["occult", "a.秘密的，不公开的"],
        ["occupation", "n.工作，职业；占领"],
        ["occurrence", "n.事件；发生"],
        ["octogenarian", "n.80～89岁的老人"],
        ["odds", "n.机会，可能性"],
        ["ode", "n.长诗，颂歌"],
        ["odious", "a.可憎的，讨厌的"],
        ["odium", "n.憎恶，反感"],
        ["odometer", "n.(汽车)里程表"],
        ["odyssey", "n.长途的冒险旅行"],
        ["offbeat", "a.不规则的，不平常的"],
        ["offence(offense)", "n.得罪；错事"],
        ["offend", "v.得罪，冒犯"],
        ["offensive", "a.令人不快的，得罪人的"],
        ["offhand", "adv./a.事先无准备地(的)；随便地(的)"],
        ["officious", "a.爱发命令的，好忠告的；过度殷勤的"],
        ["offish", "a.冷淡的"],
        ["off-key", "a.走调的，不和谐的"],
        ["offset", "v.补偿，抵消"],
        ["offspring", "n.儿女，后代"],
        ["offstage", "adv./a.台后(的)，幕后(的)"],
        ["ogle", "v.送秋波；n.媚眼"],
        ["ointment", "n.油膏，软膏"],
        ["olfaction", "n.嗅觉"],
        ["oligarchy", "n.寡头政治"],
        ["omelet", "n.煎蛋卷"],
        ["ominous", "a.预兆的，不祥的"],
        ["omit", "v.省略，遗漏；疏忽"],
        ["omnipotent", "a.全能的，万能的"],
        ["omnipresent", "a.无处不在的"],
        ["omniscient", "a.无所不知的，博识的"],
        ["onerous", "a.繁重的，麻烦的"],
        ["onset", "n.(坏情况)开始发作"],
        ["opacity", "n.不透明性，晦涩"],
        ["opalescence", "n.(不透明的)乳白光"],
        ["opaque", "a.不透明的；难懂的"],
        ["operative", "a.(计划等)实施中的；生效的"],
        ["operetta", "n.小歌剧"],
        ["opine", "v.想，以为"],
        ["opinionated", "a.固执己见的"],
        ["opponent", "n.对手，敌手"],
        ["opportune", "a.合适的，适当的"],
        ["oppose", "v.反对"],
        ["oppress", "v.压迫，压制"],
        ["opprobrious", "a.辱骂的，恶名声的"],
        ["optimism", "n.乐观主义"],
        ["optimist", "n.乐观主义者"],
        ["optimum", "a.最好的，最有利的"],
        ["optional", "a.可自由选择的"],
        ["opulent", "a.富裕的；充足的"],
        ["oracle", "n.代神发布神谕的人"],
        ["oration", "n.正式演说，演讲"],
        ["oratorio", "n.清唱剧(没有舞台行动、道具的戏剧)"],
        ["oratory", "n.演讲术"],
        ["orchard", "n.果园"],
        ["orchestra", "n.管弦乐队"],
        ["ordain", "v.任命(神职)；颁发命令"],
        ["ordeal", "n.严峻考验，痛苦经验"],
        ["ordinance", "n.法令，条例"],
        ["ordnance", "n.大炮；军械"],
        ["ore", "n.矿，矿石"],
        ["organism", "n.生物；有机体"],
        ["orient", "a.上升的；v.确定方向；使熟悉情况"],
        ["original", "a.最初的，原始的；有创意的"],
        ["originality", "n.创造性，独特性"],
        ["ornate", "a.华美的；充满装饰的"],
        ["ornithologist", "n.鸟类学家，鸟类学者"],
        ["ornithology", "n.鸟类学"],
        ["orthodontics", "n.畸齿矫正学"],
        ["orthodox", "a.正统的"],
        ["oscillate", "v.摆动；犹豫"],
        ["osmosis", "n.渗透；潜移默化"],
        ["osseous", "a.骨的，多骨的"],
        ["ossify", "v.硬化，骨化；使(传统)僵化"],
        ["ostensible", "a.表面上的"],
        ["ostentation", "n.夸示，炫耀"],
        ["ostracism", "n.放逐，排斥"],
        ["ostracize", "v.放逐，排斥"],
        ["ostrich", "n.鸵鸟；不接受现实的人"],
        ["other-directed", "a.受人支配的"],
        ["otter", "n.水獭"],
        ["oust", "v.驱逐；把…赶走"],
        ["outgoing", "a.友善的；即将离去的"],
        ["outgrowth", "n.自然结果；生长物"],
        ["outlandish", "a.古怪的"],
        ["outlet", "n.出口"],
        ["outline", "n.轮廓；梗概"],
        ["outmaneuver", "v.以策略制胜"],
        ["outmoded", "a.不再流行的"],
        ["outrage", "n.暴行"],
        ["outset", "n.开始，开头"],
        ["outshine", "v.要求比…更好"],
        ["outskirts", "n.郊区，郊外"],
        ["outspoken", "a.直言不讳的"],
        ["outstrip", "v.超过；跑过"],
        ["outwit", "v.以机智胜过"],
        ["ovation", "n.热烈的欢迎、鼓掌"],
        ["overbearing", "a.专横的，独断的"],
        ["overdose", "n.(药物)过大的剂量"],
        ["overdue", "a.过期未付的；逾期的"],
        ["overexposure", "n.过分暴露，(照相)暴光过度"],
        ["overflow", "v.溢出；洋溢"],
        ["overhaul", "v.彻底检查；大修"],
        ["overlap", "v.(部分地)重叠"],
        ["overlook", "v.忽视；俯视"],
        ["overpowering", "a.压倒性的，不可抗拒的"],
        ["overreach", "v.做事过头"],
        ["override", "v.不理会；蹂躏，践踏"],
        ["overriding", "a.最主要的，优先的"],
        ["overrule", "v.(高位的人)否决(低位的人或事)"],
        ["oversee", "v.监督"],
        ["overshadow", "v.遮蔽，使失色"],
        ["overstate", "v.夸张，对…言过其实"],
        ["overt", "a.公开的，非秘密的"],
        ["overthrow", "v./n.推翻；终止"],
        ["overture", "n.前奏曲，序曲"],
        ["overturn", "v.翻倒；推翻"],
        ["overwhelm", "v.泛滥；压倒"],
        ["overwrought", "a.紧张过度的"],
        ["owl", "n.猫头鹰"],
        ["oxidize", "v.氧化，生锈"],
        ["pacifist", "n.和平主义者，反战主义者"],
        ["pacify", "v.使安静，抚慰"],
        ["pack", "n.狼群；一群动物"],
        ["packed", "a.充满人的，拥挤的"],
        ["pact", "n.协定，条约"],
        ["padding", "n.衬垫，填料"],
        ["paean", "n.赞美歌，颂歌"],
        ["pagan", "n.没有宗教信仰的人；异教徒"],
        ["pageant", "n.壮观的游行；露天历史剧"],
        ["painkiller", "n.止痛药"],
        ["painstaking", "a.煞费苦心的"],
        ["palate", "n.上腭；口味；爱好"],
        ["palatial", "a.宫殿般的；宏伟的"],
        ["paleolithic", "a.旧石器时代的"],
        ["paleontology", "n.古生物学"],
        ["palette", "n.调色板，颜料配置"],
        ["pall", "v.令人发腻，失去吸引力"],
        ["palliate", "v.减轻(痛苦)；掩饰(罪行)"],
        ["palliative", "n.缓释剂；a.减轻的，缓和的"],
        ["pallid", "a.苍白的，没血色的"],
        ["palmy", "a.繁荣的；棕榈的"],
        ["palpable", "a.可触知的，明显的"],
        ["palpitate", "v.(心脏)急速而不规则地跳动"],
        ["palter", "v.含糊其词"],
        ["paltry", "a.无价值的，微不足道的"],
        ["pamphlet", "n.小册子"],
        ["pan", "v.严厉批评"],
        ["panacea", "n.万灵药"],
        ["panache", "n.羽饰；炫耀"],
        ["pancreas", "n.胰腺"],
        ["pandemic", "a.(病)大范围流行的"],
        ["pandemonium", "n.喧嚣，大混乱"],
        ["pander", "v.怂恿，迎合(不良欲望)"],
        ["panegyric", "n.颂词，颂扬"],
        ["panel", "n.专门小组；仪表板"],
        ["pang", "n.一阵剧痛"],
        ["panic", "a.恐慌的；n.恐慌，惊惶"],
        ["panorama", "n.概观，全景"],
        ["panther", "n.黑豹"],
        ["pantomime", "n.哑剧"],
        ["pantry", "n.食品室"],
        ["papyrus", "n.莎草；莎草纸"],
        ["parable", "n.寓言，比喻"],
        ["parabola", "n.抛物线"],
        ["paradigm", "n.范例，示范"],
        ["paradox", "n.矛盾；似矛盾而正确的说法"],
        ["paragon", "n.模范，典型"],
        ["parallel", "a.平行的；类似的；n.平行线；v.与…相似"],
        ["parallelism", "n.平行，类似"],
        ["parameter", "n.参量，变量"],
        ["paramount", "a.最重要的，最高权力的"],
        ["paranoia", "n.偏执狂"],
        ["paranoid", "a.偏执狂的，过分怀疑的"],
        ["paraphrase", "v.传译，释义"],
        ["parasite", "n.食客；寄生物"],
        ["parch", "v.烘烤；烤焦"],
        ["pare", "v.削；修剪；削减，缩减"],
        ["pariah", "n.贱民，被社会遗弃者"],
        ["parity", "n.(水平，地位，数量等的)同等，相等"],
        ["parka", "n.派克大衣(毛皮风雪大衣)"],
        ["parlance", "n.说法，用语，词汇"],
        ["parody", "n.模仿性嘲弄文章或表演；拙劣的模仿"],
        ["paroxysm", "n.(感情等)突发"],
        ["parquet", "n.镶木地板"],
        ["parry", "v.挡开，避开(武器，问题等)"],
        ["parse", "v.对…作语法分析"],
        ["parsimony", "n.过分节俭，吝啬"],
        ["partial", "a.局部的；偏袒的"],
        ["partiality", "n.偏袒，偏心"],
        ["particular", "n.事实，细节"],
        ["particularize", "v.详述，列举"],
        ["partisan", "n.党派支持者；党徒"],
        ["partition", "n.隔开；隔墙"],
        ["passionate", "a.充满激情的"],
        ["passive", "a.被动的，缺乏活力的"],
        ["pastel", "n.彩色粉笔或蜡笔画；柔和的色彩"],
        ["pasteurize", "v.加热杀菌，消毒"],
        ["pastiche", "n.混合拼凑的作品"],
        ["pastoral", "a.田园生活的；宁静的"],
        ["pastry", "n.糕点，点心"],
        ["patch", "n.补丁；一小片(土地)"],
        ["patent", "a.显而易见的；n.专利权(证书)"],
        ["pathogen", "n.病原体"],
        ["pathological", "a.病态的；病理的"],
        ["pathology", "n.病理学"],
        ["patina", "n.绿锈；光亮的外表"],
        ["patrician", "n.贵族"],
        ["patrimony", "n.祖传的财产"],
        ["patriot", "n.爱国者，爱国主义者"],
        ["patriotism", "n.爱国主义，爱国心"],
        ["patronage", "n.赞助，惠顾"],
        ["patronize", "v.以高人一等的态度对待；光顾，惠顾"],
        ["paucity", "n.小量，缺乏"],
        ["paunchy", "a.大肚子的"],
        ["pauper", "n.贫民，乞丐"],
        ["peak", "v.憔悴，消瘦"],
        ["pecan", "n.山核桃"],
        ["peccadillo", "n.小过失"],
        ["peck", "v.啄食；轻啄"],
        ["pedagogue", "n.教师，教育者"],
        ["pedagogy", "n.教育学，教学法"],
        ["pedal", "n.踏板，脚蹬；v.骑脚踏车"],
        ["pedant", "n.迂腐之人，书呆子"],
        ["pedestal", "n.(柱石或雕像的)基座"],
        ["pedestrian", "a.徒步的；缺乏想像的；n.行人"],
        ["pediatrics", "n.小儿科"],
        ["peel", "v.削去…的皮；剥落；n.外皮"],
        ["peer", "n.同等之人，同辈"],
        ["peerless", "a.无可匹敌的"],
        ["peeve", "v.使气恼，怨恨"],
        ["peevish", "a.坏脾气的，易怒的"],
        ["pejorative", "a.带有轻蔑意义的，贬低的"],
        ["pelf", "n.钱财；不义之财"],
        ["pell-mell", "adv.混乱地"],
        ["pellucid", "a.清晰的，清澈的"],
        ["pen", "n.围栏；监禁；母天鹅"],
        ["penalize", "v.置(某人)于不利地位；处罚"],
        ["penalty", "n.刑罚，处罚"],
        ["penance", "n.自我惩罚"],
        ["penchant", "n.爱好，嗜好"],
        ["pending", "a.即将发生的；未决的"],
        ["pendulum", "n.摆，钟摆"],
        ["penetrate", "v.刺穿；渗入；了解"],
        ["penicillin", "n.盘尼西林，青霉素"],
        ["peninsula", "n.半岛"],
        ["penitent", "a.后悔的，忏悔的"],
        ["pennant", "n.(船上用的)信号旗"],
        ["penultimate", "a.倒数第二的"],
        ["penury", "n.贫穷；吝啬"],
        ["perambulate", "v.巡视；漫步"],
        ["perception", "n.感觉；洞察力"],
        ["perch", "v.(鸟)栖息"],
        ["percussionist", "n.敲击乐器的乐师"],
        ["peregrination", "n.游历(尤指在国外)"],
        ["peremptory", "a.不容反抗的；专横的"],
        ["perennial", "a.终年的；永久的"],
        ["perfervid", "a.非常热心的"],
        ["perfidious", "a.不忠的，背信弃义的"],
        ["perfidy", "n.不忠，背叛"],
        ["perforate", "v.打洞"],
        ["perfunctorily", "adv.敷衍地，潦草地，表面地"],
        ["perfunctory", "a.草率的，敷衍的"],
        ["peril", "n.危险"],
        ["perilous", "a.危险的，冒险的"],
        ["perimeter", "n.周长"],
        ["periodical", "n.期刊"],
        ["peripatetic", "a.巡游的"],
        ["peripheral", "a.不重要的，外围的"],
        ["periphery", "n.不重要的部分；外围"],
        ["periscope", "n.潜望镜"],
        ["perish", "v.死，暴卒"],
        ["perishing", "a.严寒的"],
        ["perjure", "v.作伪证，发假誓"],
        ["perjury", "n.作伪证，发假誓"],
        ["perky", "a.神气的；活泼的"],
        ["permanence", "n.永久，持久"],
        ["permanent", "a.长久的，永久的"],
        ["permeable", "a.可渗透的(penetrable)"],
        ["permeate", "v.扩散；渗透"],
        ["permissive", "a.过分纵容的"],
        ["pernicious", "a.有害的，致命的"],
        ["perpendicular", "a.垂直的"],
        ["perpetual", "a.连续不断的；永久的"],
        ["perpetuate", "v.使永存，使永记不忘"],
        ["perquisite", "n.固定津贴，利益"],
        ["persecute", "v.迫害"],
        ["persiflage", "n.挖苦，嘲弄"],
        ["persistence", "n.坚持不懈，持续"],
        ["personable", "a.英俊的，风度好的"],
        ["personification", "n.典型，化身，完美榜样"],
        ["personnel", "n.全体人员，员工"],
        ["perspective", "n.(判断事物的)角度，方法；透视法"],
        ["perspicacious", "a.独具慧眼的"],
        ["perspicuity", "n.明晰；聪明睿智"],
        ["perspicuous", "a.明晰的；明了的"],
        ["perspire", "v.流汗"],
        ["pertain", "v.属于；关于"],
        ["pertinacious", "a.固执的；无法驾御的；不妥协的"],
        ["pertinent", "a.有关的，相关的"],
        ["peruse", "v.细读，精读"],
        ["pervade", "v.弥漫，普及"],
        ["pervious", "a.可渗透的"],
        ["pessimism", "n.悲观；悲观主义"],
        ["pest", "n.害虫；讨厌的人或物"],
        ["pester", "v.纠缠，强求"],
        ["pesticide", "n.杀虫剂"],
        ["pestilent", "a.致死的；有害的"],
        ["pestle", "n.杵，乳钵槌"],
        ["petal", "n.花瓣"],
        ["petition", "n.请愿；请愿书"],
        ["petitioner", "n.请愿人"],
        ["petrify", "v.石化；吓呆"],
        ["petroglyph", "n.岩石雕刻"],
        ["petroleum", "n.石油"],
        ["petrology", "n.岩石学"],
        ["petty", "a.琐碎的；小心眼的"],
        ["petulance", "n.发脾气，性急，暴躁"],
        ["petulant", "a.性急的，暴躁的"],
        ["phantom", "n.鬼怪，幽灵；幻像"],
        ["pharmaceutical", "a.制药的"],
        ["pharmacology", "n.药理学，药物学"],
        ["phenomena", "n.(复数)现象；科学研究的现象"],
        ["phenomenal", "a.显著的，非凡的"],
        ["philanthropic", "a.博爱的"],
        ["philatelist", "n.集邮家"],
        ["philately", "n.集邮"],
        ["philistine", "n.庸人，市侩"],
        ["phlegmatic", "a.冷静的，冷淡的"],
        ["phoenix", "n.凤凰，永生或再生的象征"],
        ["phonetic", "a.语音的"],
        ["photosynthesis", "n.光合作用"],
        ["physiological", "a.生理的；生理学上的"],
        ["piano", "a.(音乐)轻柔的"],
        ["pictorial", "a.绘画的；有图片的，用图片表示的"],
        ["piddling", "a.琐碎的，微不足道的"],
        ["pied", "a.杂色的"],
        ["pierce", "v.刺透；穿过"],
        ["piercing", "a.(寒风)刺骨的；敏锐的"],
        ["pigment", "n.天然色素；干粉颜料"],
        ["pilgrim", "n.朝圣客，香客"],
        ["pillar", "n.柱子"],
        ["pillory", "n.颈手枷；示众，嘲弄"],
        ["pilot", "n.飞行员；领航员；领导人"],
        ["pinch", "v.捏，掐；n.一撮，一点"],
        ["pine", "n.松树；v.(因疾病等)憔悴；渴望"],
        ["pinnacle", "n.尖塔；山峰，顶峰"],
        ["pinpoint", "v.精确地找出或描述；a.非常精确的"],
        ["pious", "a.虔诚的，尽责的"],
        ["piquant", "a.辛辣的，开胃的；兴奋的"],
        ["pique", "n./v.(因自尊心受伤害而导致的)不悦，愤怒；v.冒犯"],
        ["pirate", "n.海盗，剽窃者；v.盗印；掠夺"],
        ["pirouette", "n./v.(舞蹈)脚尖立地的旋转"],
        ["pistol", "n.手枪"],
        ["pitch", "n.沥青，柏油；音调"],
        ["pitcher", "n.有柄水罐"],
        ["pitfall", "n.陷阱，未料到的危险或困难"],
        ["pith", "n.精髓，要点"],
        ["pithiness", "n.简洁"],
        ["pithy", "a.(讲话或文章)简练的"],
        ["pitiful", "a.值得同情的，可怜的"],
        ["pittance", "n.微薄的薪俸，少量的收入"],
        ["placate", "v.抚慰，平息(愤怒)"],
        ["placebo", "n.安慰剂"],
        ["placid", "a.安静的，平和的"],
        ["plagiarism", "n.剽窃，抄袭"],
        ["plagiarize", "v.剽窃，抄袭"],
        ["plague", "n.瘟疫；讨厌的人或物；v.烦扰"],
        ["plain", "a.简单的；清楚的；n.平原"],
        ["plaintiff", "n.原告"],
        ["plaintive", "a.可怜的，伤心的"],
        ["plait", "n.发辫；v.编成辫"],
        ["plane", "n.刨子；平面；v.刨"],
        ["planet", "n.行星"],
        ["plangent", "a.轰鸣的；悲哀的"],
        ["plankton", "n.浮游生物"],
        ["plaque", "n.匾；血小板"],
        ["plaster", "n.灰泥，石膏；v.抹灰泥"],
        ["plateau", "n.高原；平稳的状态"],
        ["platitude", "n.陈词滥调"],
        ["platonic", "a.理论的；纯精神上的，没有感官欲望的"],
        ["plaudit", "v.喝彩，赞扬"],
        ["plausible", "a.似是而非的，似乎合理的；嘴巧的"],
        ["plead", "v.恳求，提出…为理由"],
        ["pleat", "n.(衣服上的)褶"],
        ["pledge", "n.誓言，保证；v.发誓"],
        ["plenitude", "n.完全；大量"],
        ["plethora", "n.过量，过剩"],
        ["pliable", "a.易弯的，柔软的"],
        ["pliant", "a.易受影响的；易弯的"],
        ["plight", "n.困境，苦境"],
        ["plinth", "n.柱脚，底座"],
        ["plod", "v.重步走；吃力地干"],
        ["plot", "n.情节；阴谋；策划"],
        ["plough", "n.犁；v.犁地"],
        ["ploy", "n.花招，策略"],
        ["pluck", "n.在困难面前足智多谋的勇气，胆量；精力；v.拔毛；弹拉"],
        ["plumb", "adv.精确地；v.深入了解；测水深"],
        ["plumber", "n.管子工，铅管工"],
        ["plume", "n.羽毛；v.整理羽毛；搔首弄姿"],
        ["plummet", "v.垂直或突然坠下"],
        ["plunder", "v.抢劫，掠夺"],
        ["plunge", "v.投入；俯冲"],
        ["plush", "a.豪华的"],
        ["plutocracy", "n.财阀统治"],
        ["pod", "n.豆荚；v.剥掉(豆荚)"],
        ["podiatrist", "n.足医"],
        ["podium", "n.讲坛，指挥台"],
        ["poignant", "a.伤心的；尖锐的"],
        ["poise", "v.使相等，使平衡；n.泰然自若，镇定"],
        ["poisonous", "a.有毒的；有害的"],
        ["poke", "v.刺，戳；嘲弄"],
        ["polar", "a.地极的，两极的；磁极的"],
        ["polarity", "n.极端性，二极分化"],
        ["polarize", "v.使…两极分化"],
        ["polemic", "n.争论，论战"],
        ["polemical", "a.挑起论战的"],
        ["polish", "v.把…擦光亮，抛光；n.上光剂；(态度等)优雅"],
        ["poll", "n.民意测验；选举投票"],
        ["pollen", "n.花粉"],
        ["pollinate", "v.给…授粉"],
        ["pollster", "n.民意测验家"],
        ["pomposity", "n.自大的行为，傲慢，自命不凡"],
        ["pompous", "a.自大的"],
        ["poncho", "n.斗篷；雨衣"],
        ["ponder", "v.仔细考虑"],
        ["ponderable", "a.可估量的"],
        ["ponderous", "a.笨重的，笨拙的"],
        ["pontifical", "a.自以为是的；武断的"],
        ["pontificate", "v.自大武断地做或说"],
        ["populace", "n.民众，老百姓"],
        ["populous", "a.人口稠密的"],
        ["porcelain", "n.瓷；瓷器"],
        ["porcupine", "n.豪猪，箭猪"],
        ["pore", "n.毛孔，气孔"],
        ["porous", "a.可渗透的；多孔的"],
        ["portentous", "a.凶兆的，有危险的"],
        ["portfolio", "n.文件夹；股份单"],
        ["portray", "v.描绘，描述"],
        ["pose", "v.摆姿势；造作"],
        ["poseur", "n.装模作样的人"],
        ["posit", "v.断定，认为"],
        ["posse", "n.武装团队"],
        ["possessed", "a.着迷的；疯狂的"],
        ["poster", "n.海报，招贴画"],
        ["postpone", "v.使延期，推迟"],
        ["postulate", "v.假定；要求"],
        ["posture", "n.姿势，体态；态度；v.故作姿态"],
        ["potable", "a.适于饮用的"],
        ["potation", "n.畅饮；饮料"],
        ["potentate", "n.统治者，当权者"],
        ["potential", "a.潜在的，有可能性的"],
        ["potentiate", "v.加强(力量，效果)"],
        ["potpourri", "n.混杂；杂文集"],
        ["pottery", "n.制陶；陶器"],
        ["pout", "v.噘嘴，板脸"],
        ["practitioner", "n.开业者；从事某种手艺者"],
        ["pragmatic", "a.实际的，实用主义的"],
        ["prank", "n.恶作剧，玩笑"],
        ["prate", "v.瞎扯，胡说"],
        ["preach", "v.传教，讲道"],
        ["preamble", "n.前言，序言；先兆"],
        ["precarious", "a.不稳的，危险的"],
        ["precede", "v.在…之前，早于"],
        ["precept", "n.箴言，格言"],
        ["precipice", "n.悬崖"],
        ["precipitant", "n.沉淀剂"],
        ["precipitate", "v.加速，促成；a.鲁莽的"],
        ["precipitation", "n.降水(量)"],
        ["précis", "n.摘要，大纲"],
        ["precise", "a.精确的"],
        ["preclude", "v.避免，排除"],
        ["precocious", "a.早熟的"],
        ["precursor", "n.先驱，先兆"],
        ["predator", "n.食肉动物"],
        ["predecessor", "n.前任，前辈；原先的东西"],
        ["predestine", "v.注定"],
        ["predicament", "n.困境，窘境"],
        ["predilection", "n.偏袒，爱好"],
        ["predisposition", "n.倾向，癖性"],
        ["predominant", "a.有势力的"],
        ["predominate", "v.支配，统治；占优势"],
        ["preeminent", "a.出类拔萃的"],
        ["preempt", "v.以先买权取得)；取代"],
        ["preen", "v.整理羽毛；(人)打扮修饰"],
        ["preface", "n.序言"],
        ["pregnant", "a.怀孕的；充满的"],
        ["prehistoric", "a.史前的"],
        ["prejudice", "n.偏见，成见；v.使产生偏见"],
        ["preliminary", "a.预备的；初步的，开始的"],
        ["preliterate", "a.文字出现以前的"],
        ["prelude", "n.序幕，前奏"],
        ["premature", "a.过早的，早熟的"],
        ["premeditate", "v.预先想过，预谋"],
        ["premeditated", "a.预谋的，事先计划的"],
        ["premiere", "n./v.首次公演"],
        ["premise", "n.前提"],
        ["premium", "n.保险费；奖金"],
        ["premonition", "n.预感，预兆"],
        ["preoccupation", "n.全神贯注；使人专注的东西"],
        ["preponderate", "v.(重量上，重要性上)压倒，超过"],
        ["preposition", "n.介词，前置词"],
        ["preposterous", "a.荒谬的"],
        ["prerequisite", "n.先决条件"],
        ["prerogative", "n.特权"],
        ["presage", "n.预感；v.预示"],
        ["prescience", "n.预知，先见"],
        ["prescribe", "v.开处方；规定"],
        ["prescription", "n.处方(上的药)"],
        ["presentation", "n.表演，介绍，描述"],
        ["presenter", "n.主持人"],
        ["preservative", "a.防腐的；n.防腐剂"],
        ["preside", "v.担任主席；负责；指挥"],
        ["press", "v.挤压"],
        ["pressing", "a.紧迫的，迫切的；恳切要求的"],
        ["prestige", "n.威信，威望，声望"],
        ["prestigious", "a.有名望的，有威信的"],
        ["presume", "v.假定，认定"],
        ["presumption", "n.冒昧，专横；假定"],
        ["presupposition", "n.预先假定，臆测"],
        ["pretend", "v.假装；装扮"],
        ["pretension", "n.自命不凡，夸耀"],
        ["pretentious", "a.自抬身价的"],
        ["preternatural", "a.异常的)；超自然的"],
        ["pretext", "n.借口"],
        ["prevail", "v.战胜；盛行"],
        ["prevaricate", "v.支吾其词，说谎"],
        ["preview", "v./n.预演，预展"],
        ["previous", "a.在先的，以前的"],
        ["prey", "n.被捕食的动物"],
        ["prim", "a.端庄的，整洁的"],
        ["primate", "n.灵长类(动物)"],
        ["prime", "n.全盛时期；a.首先的；最好的"],
        ["primp", "v.(妇女)刻意打扮"],
        ["principal", "a.主要的，重要的"],
        ["principle", "n.原则，原理；道德准则"],
        ["priority", "n.在先，居前；优先权"],
        ["pristine", "a.太古的；纯洁的；新鲜的"],
        ["privation", "n.丧失，贫困"],
        ["privilege", "n.特权，特别利益"],
        ["probe", "v.探索，探测"],
        ["probity", "n.刚直，正直"],
        ["proboscis", "n.(象)长鼻；(昆虫等)吸管"],
        ["proceeds", "n.收入"],
        ["procession", "n.行列；前进"],
        ["proclaim", "v.宣告，宣布；显示"],
        ["proclamation", "n.宣布，公告"],
        ["procrastinate", "v.耽搁，拖延"],
        ["proctor", "n.代理人，学监"],
        ["procure", "v.取得，获得"],
        ["procurement", "n.获得，接收"],
        ["prod", "v.刺，捅；激励"],
        ["prodigal", "a.挥霍的；n.挥霍者"],
        ["prodigious", "a.巨大的"],
        ["prodigy", "n.奇事；奇才"],
        ["produce", "n.产品；农产品"],
        ["productivity", "n.生产力；生产率"],
        ["profane", "v.亵渎，玷污"],
        ["proffer", "n./v.献出，赠送；提议，建议"],
        ["proficient", "a.熟练的，精通的"],
        ["profile", "n.外形；轮廓侧面像"],
        ["profiteer", "n.奸商，牟取暴利者"],
        ["profligate", "a.挥金如土的；n.挥霍者"],
        ["profound", "a.深的，深刻的；渊博的，深奥的"],
        ["profuse", "a.很多的；浪费的"],
        ["progeny", "n.后代，子女"],
        ["prognosis", "n.预后，对疾病的发作及结果的预言<e预后，对疾病的发作及结果的预言>(forecast of the likely course of a disease or an illness)"],
        ["prohibitive", "a.抑制的；价格贵得买不起的"],
        ["projectile", "n.抛射物，发射体"],
        ["projection", "n.凸出物"],
        ["projector", "n.电影放映机，幻灯机"],
        ["proliferate", "v.繁殖；激增"],
        ["prolific", "a.多产的，多结果的"],
        ["prolix", "a.啰嗦的，冗长的"],
        ["prolixity", "n.罗嗦"],
        ["prologue", "n.开场白；序幕"],
        ["prolong", "v.延长，拉长"],
        ["promenade", "v./n.散步；开车兜风"],
        ["prominent", "a.显著的；著名的"],
        ["promote", "v.提升；促进"],
        ["prompt", "v.促使，激起；a.敏捷的，迅速的"],
        ["promulgate", "v.颁布(法令)；宣传"],
        ["prone", "a.俯卧的；倾向于…的"],
        ["pronounced", "a.(观点等)强硬的，明显的"],
        ["prop", "n.支撑物，靠山；v.支持"],
        ["propagate", "v.繁殖；传播"],
        ["propagation", "n.繁殖"],
        ["propel", "v.推进"],
        ["propeller", "n.螺旋桨；推进器"],
        ["propensity", "n.嗜好，习性"],
        ["prophecy", "n.预言"],
        ["prophet", "n.先知，预言家"],
        ["prophetic", "a.先知的，预言的，预示的"],
        ["propitiate", "v.讨好；抚慰"],
        ["propitious", "a.吉利的；顺利的"],
        ["proposal", "n.提案，建议"],
        ["proposition", "n.看法；提议"],
        ["proprietary", "a.私有的"],
        ["propriety", "n.礼节；适当"],
        ["propulsion", "n.推进力"],
        ["prosaic", "a.单调的，无趣的"],
        ["proscribe", "v.禁止"],
        ["prose", "n.散文"],
        ["prosecute", "v.告发，检举"],
        ["prosecution", "n.起诉；实行，经营"],
        ["proselytize", "v.使…皈依"],
        ["prospect", "v.勘探；n.期望；前景"],
        ["prosperity", "n.繁荣；幸运；健康"],
        ["prosperous", "a.繁荣富强的"],
        ["prostrate", "a.俯卧的；沮丧的；v.使下跪鞠躬"],
        ["protagonist", "n.提议者，支持者"],
        ["protean", "a.变化多端的，多变的"],
        ["protest", "v./n.抗议，反对"],
        ["protocol", "n.外交礼节；协议，草案"],
        ["prototype", "n.原型；典型"],
        ["protract", "v.延长，拖长"],
        ["protuberance", "n.凸出，隆起"],
        ["protuberant", "a.突出的，隆起的"],
        ["provenance", "n.(艺术等的)出处，起源"],
        ["provender", "n.(牛马吃的)草料，粮秣"],
        ["provident", "a.深谋远虑的；节俭的"],
        ["providential", "a.幸运的；恰到好处的"],
        ["provincial", "a.偏狭的，粗俗的"],
        ["provision", "n.(粮食)供应；(法律等)条款"],
        ["provisional", "a.暂时的，临时的"],
        ["provisory", "a.有附带条件的"],
        ["provocation", "n.挑衅，激怒"],
        ["prowess", "n.勇敢；不凡的能力"],
        ["prowl", "v.潜行于，偷偷地漫游"],
        ["proximate", "a.最接近的，直接的"],
        ["prude", "n.过分守礼的人"],
        ["prudence", "n.谨慎，小心"],
        ["prudent", "a.审慎的，三思而后行的，精明的"],
        ["prudish", "a.过分守礼的，假道学的"],
        ["prune", "n.梅干；v.修剪"],
        ["pry", "v.刺探；撬开"],
        ["pseudonym", "n.假名，笔名"],
        ["psyche", "n.心智，精神"],
        ["psychology", "n.心理学，心理状态"],
        ["publicize", "v.宣传，引人注意"],
        ["pucker", "v.起皱；n.皱褶"],
        ["puckish", "a.淘气的"],
        ["puddle", "n.水坑，洼"],
        ["puerile", "a.幼稚的；儿童的"],
        ["pugilism", "n.拳击，搏击"],
        ["pugilist", "n.拳击手，拳师"],
        ["pugnacious", "a.好斗的"],
        ["puissance", "n.权力"],
        ["puissant", "a.强有力的，强大的"],
        ["pulchritude", "n.美丽"],
        ["pullet", "n.小母鸡"],
        ["pulley", "n.滑轮；滑车"],
        ["pulp", "n.果肉酱；纸浆"],
        ["pulse", "v.搏动，跳动；n.脉搏；脉冲"],
        ["pulverize", "v.压成细粉；彻底击败"],
        ["pun", "n.双关语"],
        ["punch", "v.以拳猛击；打洞"],
        ["punctilious", "a.谨小慎微的"],
        ["puncture", "v.刺穿，刺破；n.刺孔，穿孔"],
        ["pundit", "n.权威人士，专家"],
        ["pungent", "a.味道刺激的；苛刻的"],
        ["puny", "a.弱小的，发育不良的"],
        ["purchase", "n.支点(阻止东西下滑)"],
        ["purgative", "n.泻药"],
        ["purgatory", "n.炼狱；受苦受难的地方"],
        ["purge", "v.清洗，洗涤"],
        ["purify", "v.使洁净，净化"],
        ["purity", "n.纯洁，纯净；纯度"],
        ["purlieu", "n.(常作复数)邻近地区"],
        ["purloin", "v.偷窃"],
        ["purported", "a.谣传的，声张的，号称的"],
        ["pursue", "v.追赶，追求，追踪"],
        ["purvey", "v.(大量)供给，供应"],
        ["pusillanimous", "a.胆小的"],
        ["pylon", "n.高压电线架；桥塔"],
        ["pyre", "n.火葬用的柴堆"],
        ["quack", "n.冒充内行之人；庸医"],
        ["quaff", "v.痛饮，畅饮"],
        ["quail", "v.畏惧，颤抖"],
        ["quaint", "a.离奇有趣的"],
        ["qualified", "a.有资格的；有限制的"],
        ["qualms", "n.疑虑(尤指有关良心问题的)"],
        ["quandary", "n.困惑，进退两难"],
        ["quantum", "n.量子；定量"],
        ["quarantine", "n.隔离检疫期，隔离"],
        ["quarry", "n.猎物"],
        ["quartet", "n.四重奏，四重唱"],
        ["quash", "v.镇压；取消"],
        ["quaver", "v.发颤音，颤抖；n.颤音"],
        ["quay", "n.码头"],
        ["quell", "v.制止，镇压"],
        ["quench", "v.熄灭(火)；抑制(欲望)"],
        ["querulous", "a.抱怨的，多牢骚的"],
        ["quest", "v.搜寻，探求；n.探求"],
        ["queue", "v.排队；n.长队"],
        ["quibble", "n.遁词；吹毛求疵的反对意见"],
        ["quiescent", "a.不动的，静止的"],
        ["quill", "n.(豪猪等动物的)刺"],
        ["quirk", "n.奇事；怪癖"],
        ["quisling", "n.卖国贼，内奸"],
        ["quiver", "n.箭筒，箭囊"],
        ["quixotic", "a.不切实际的，空想的"],
        ["quota", "n.定额，配额"],
        ["quote", "v.引用，引述"],
        ["quotidian", "a.每日的；平凡的"],
        ["rabble", "n.乌合之众；下等人"],
        ["rabid", "a.患狂犬病的；失去理性的"],
        ["rabies", "n.狂犬病；恐水病"],
        ["raconteur", "n.善于讲故事的人"],
        ["racy", "a.活泼的，生动的"],
        ["radius", "n.半径"],
        ["raffish", "a.粗俗的；俗艳的"],
        ["raffle", "n.(尤指为公益事业举办的)抽奖售物(活动)"],
        ["rafter", "n.椽子"],
        ["rag", "n.旧布，碎布；破旧衣服"],
        ["rage", "n.盛怒；v.激怒"],
        ["ragged", "a.破烂的"],
        ["ragtime", "n.拉格泰姆音乐；a.使人发笑的，滑稽的"],
        ["raid", "n.突然袭击"],
        ["rail", "n.栏杆；铁轨；v.咒骂，猛烈指责"],
        ["raisin", "n.葡萄干"],
        ["rakish", "a.潇洒的；放荡的"],
        ["rally", "v.召集，集会；n.召集；集会"],
        ["ram", "n.公羊；撞锤，猛击；填塞"],
        ["ramble", "n./v.漫步"],
        ["rambunctious", "a.骚乱的；(兴奋)控制不了的"],
        ["ramify", "v.分支，分叉"],
        ["rampage", "v.狂暴地乱冲；n.暴怒"],
        ["rampant", "a.蔓生的，猖獗的"],
        ["rampart", "n.壁垒；城墙"],
        ["ramshackle", "a.摇摇欲坠的"],
        ["rancid", "a.不新鲜的，变味的"],
        ["rancor", "n.深仇，怨恨"],
        ["random", "a.没有明确目的、计划或者目标的；偶然的，随便的"],
        ["ranger", "n.森林管理员；巡逻骑警"],
        ["rankle", "v.怨恨；激怒"],
        ["ransom", "n.赎金；赎身；v.赎回"],
        ["rant", "v.咆哮；口出狂言"],
        ["rapacious", "a.强夺的，贪婪的"],
        ["rapids", "n.急流，湍流"],
        ["rapport", "n.和睦，意见一致"],
        ["rapprochement", "n.和好，和睦"],
        ["rapt", "a.专心致志的，全神贯注的"],
        ["rarefaction", "n.稀薄"],
        ["raspy", "a.(声音)刺耳的；恼人的"],
        ["ratification", "n.正式批准"],
        ["ratiocination", "n.推理；推论"],
        ["ration", "n.定量配给；v.配给"],
        ["rational", "a.理性的；合理的"],
        ["rattle", "v.使格格作响；使慌乱"],
        ["raucous", "a.(声音)沙哑的，粗糙的"],
        ["ravage", "v.摧毁，使荒废"],
        ["rave", "n.热切赞扬；v.狂语"],
        ["ravel", "v.纠缠，纠结；拆开，拆散"],
        ["ravenous", "a.饿极了的，贪婪的"],
        ["ravine", "n.深谷，峡谷"],
        ["ravishing", "a.令人陶醉的"],
        ["raze", "v.彻底破坏"],
        ["razor", "n.剃刀，刮胡刀"],
        ["reactant", "n.反应物"],
        ["reactionary", "a.保守的，反动的"],
        ["readily", "adv.不迟疑地；迅速地，轻易地"],
        ["ready", "a.机敏的，迅速的"],
        ["reagent", "n.试剂(导致化学反应)"],
        ["realign", "v.重新组合(排列)"],
        ["realm", "n.王国；领域，范围"],
        ["ream", "n.令(纸张的计数单位)"],
        ["reap", "v.收割，收获"],
        ["reaper", "n.收割者"],
        ["rebate", "n.折扣，回扣"],
        ["rebellious", "a.反抗的，难控制的"],
        ["rebuff", "v.断然拒绝"],
        ["rebuke", "v.指责，谴责"],
        ["rebus", "n.(以音、画等提示的)字谜，画谜"],
        ["rebuttal", "n.反驳，反证"],
        ["recalcitrant", "a.顽抗的"],
        ["recall", "v.回想，回忆起；收回；n.唤回"],
        ["recant", "v.改变，放弃(以前的信仰)"],
        ["recantation", "n.改变宗教信仰"],
        ["recapitulate", "v.扼要重述"],
        ["recast", "v.重铸；更换演员"],
        ["recede", "v.后退，收回(诺言)"],
        ["receipt", "n.收到，接到；发票，收据"],
        ["receptacle", "n.容器"],
        ["receptive", "a.善于接受的；从善如流的"],
        ["recess", "n.壁凹(墙上装的架子、柜子等凹处)；休假"],
        ["recession", "n.经济萧条时期；撤回，退回"],
        ["recessive", "a.隐性遗传的；后退的"],
        ["recipe", "n.食谱"],
        ["recipient", "n.接受者，收受者"],
        ["reciprocal", "a.相互的，互惠的"],
        ["reciprocate", "v.回报，答谢"],
        ["recital", "n.独奏；吟诵"],
        ["reclaim", "v.纠正；开垦(土地)"],
        ["recluse", "n.隐士；a.隐居的"],
        ["recoil", "v.退却，退缩"],
        ["recollection", "n.记忆力；记忆中的往事"],
        ["recombine", "v.重组，再结合"],
        ["recompense", "v.报酬，赔偿"],
        ["reconcile", "v.和解，调和"],
        ["recondite", "a.深奥的"],
        ["reconnaissance", "n.侦察，预先探索"],
        ["reconstitute", "v.再组成；用水泡"],
        ["recourse", "n.求助，依靠"],
        ["recruit", "n.新兵；新成员；v.征募"],
        ["rectangle", "n.长方形，矩形"],
        ["rectify", "v.改正，调正；提纯"],
        ["rectitude", "n.诚实，正直"],
        ["recumbent", "a.侧卧的；休息的"],
        ["recuperate", "v.恢复(健康)，复原"],
        ["redeem", "v.赎罪"],
        ["redemptive", "a.赎回的，救赎的，救世的"],
        ["redirect", "v.改寄(信件)；改变方向"],
        ["redistribution", "n.重新分配"],
        ["redolent", "a.芬芳的，芳香的"],
        ["redoubtable", "a.可敬畏的"],
        ["redress", "n.改正，修正"],
        ["redundancy", "n.过剩；备份；似乎多余其实重要的后备力量"],
        ["redundant", "a.累赘的，多余的"],
        ["reed", "n.芦苇；簧片"],
        ["reek", "v.发臭味；冒烟"],
        ["reel", "n.卷轴，旋转；v.卷…于轴上"],
        ["refectory", "n.(学院)餐厅，食堂"],
        ["referee", "n.裁判员；仲裁者"],
        ["refinery", "n.提炼厂，精炼厂"],
        ["reflect", "v.反射；仔细考虑"],
        ["refraction", "n.折射"],
        ["refractory", "a.倔强的；反应迟钝的"],
        ["refrain", "v.抑制；n.歌曲的反复句，叠句"],
        ["refresh", "v.消除…的疲劳，使精神振作"],
        ["refugee", "n.难民，流亡者"],
        ["refulgent", "a.辉煌的，灿烂的"],
        ["refurbish", "v.刷新，擦亮"],
        ["refute", "v.驳斥"],
        ["regale", "v.款待；使…享受"],
        ["regime", "n.政权，政治制度"],
        ["regress", "v.使倒退，复原，逆行"],
        ["regressive", "a.退步的，退化的"],
        ["regulate", "v.管制；调整"],
        ["rehabilitate", "v.修复，恢复(职业等)"],
        ["rehearsal", "n.排演，演习"],
        ["rehearse", "v.排练，预演；详述"],
        ["reign", "n.统治时期；王朝；领域"],
        ["reimburse", "v.偿还"],
        ["rein", "n.缰绳；v.控制"],
        ["reinforce", "v.加强力量，增援"],
        ["reinstate", "v.恢复(原职)"],
        ["reiterate", "v.重申，反复地说"],
        ["rejoice", "v.喜欢，高兴"],
        ["rejuvenate", "v.使返老还童"],
        ["relapse", "n.旧病复发；再恶化；v.旧病复发，再恶化"],
        ["relate", "v.讲述；有关联"],
        ["relaxation", "n.松弛，消遣"],
        ["release", "v.释放，放出；n.释放"],
        ["relegate", "v.降级，贬谪"],
        ["relent", "v.动怜悯心；减弱"],
        ["relenting", "a.减弱的，怜悯的"],
        ["relentless", "a.无情的，残酷的"],
        ["relevance", "n.相关"],
        ["reliance", "n.信赖，信任"],
        ["relic", "n.遗物，遗迹"],
        ["relieved", "a.宽慰的，如释重负的"],
        ["religion", "n.宗教，信仰"],
        ["relinquish", "v.放弃，废除"],
        ["relish", "n.味道；喜好；v.喜好，享受"],
        ["remainder", "n.剩余物"],
        ["remains", "n.遗址，废墟"],
        ["reminder", "n.提醒人记忆之物"],
        ["reminisce", "v.追忆，怀旧"],
        ["remiss", "a.疏忽的，不留心的"],
        ["remnant", "n.残余物；零头布料"],
        ["remorse", "n.懊悔，悔恨"],
        ["remove", "v.移走；脱掉；迁移"],
        ["remunerative", "a.报酬高的，有利润的"],
        ["rend", "v.撕裂；猛拉"],
        ["render", "v.呈递，表现；提供"],
        ["rendering", "n.演出；翻译"],
        ["rendezvous", "n.约会；约会地点"],
        ["renegade", "n.叛教者，叛徒"],
        ["renege", "v.背信，违约"],
        ["renounce", "v.(正式)放弃"],
        ["renovate", "v.修复，装修，翻新"],
        ["renown", "n.名望，声誉"],
        ["rent", "n.裂缝；(意见)分歧"],
        ["reparable", "a.能补救的，可挽回的"],
        ["reparation", "n.赔偿，补偿"],
        ["repartee", "n.机灵的回答"],
        ["repatriate", "v.(自异国)遣返"],
        ["repeal", "v.废除(法律)"],
        ["repel", "v.击退，使…反感"],
        ["repellent", "a.令人厌恶的"],
        ["repercussion", "n.反响；影响；回声"],
        ["repertoire", "n.(剧团等)常备剧目"],
        ["repine", "v.不满，心中抱怨"],
        ["replenish", "v.补充，再装满"],
        ["replete", "a.饱满的，塞满的"],
        ["reportorial", "a.记者的；记实的"],
        ["repose", "n./v.躺着休息，安睡"],
        ["reprehend", "v.谴责，责难"],
        ["reprehensible", "a.应受谴责的"],
        ["repressed", "a.被压制的，被压抑的"],
        ["reprieve", "v.缓刑，暂时解救；n.缓刑，暂时解救"],
        ["reprimand", "n.训诫，谴责；v.训诫，谴责"],
        ["reprisal", "n.(政治或军事的)报复"],
        ["reprise", "n.(音乐剧中)乐曲的重复；重复"],
        ["reproach", "n.谴责，责骂"],
        ["reprobate", "v.谴责，指责；adj./n.堕落的(人)"],
        ["reproof", "n.责斥，责备"],
        ["reprove", "v.责骂，申斥"],
        ["reptile", "n.爬行动物；卑鄙的人"],
        ["reptilian", "a.爬虫类的；卑下的"],
        ["repudiate", "v.拒绝，抛弃"],
        ["repugnance", "n.嫌恶，反感"],
        ["repugnant", "a.令人厌恶的"],
        ["repulse", "v.驱逐，击退；厌恶；n.驱逐，击退，厌恶"],
        ["repulsion", "n.厌恶，反感；排斥力"],
        ["reputation", "n.名声"],
        ["repute", "n.名声，名誉"],
        ["request", "n.要求，请求；v.要求，请求"],
        ["requisite", "n.必需物；a.必要的"],
        ["requite", "v.报答；报复"],
        ["rescind", "v.废除，取消"],
        ["rescission", "n.废除"],
        ["rescue", "n./v.解救；把…从法律监管下强行夺回"],
        ["resent", "v.憎恶，愤恨"],
        ["resentment", "n.愤恨，怨恨"],
        ["reserve", "n.储备(物)，储藏量；缄默，谨慎；v.保留，储备，预订"],
        ["reside", "v.居住"],
        ["resident", "n.居民；a.定居的，常驻的"],
        ["residual", "a.残余的，剩余的"],
        ["residue", "n.剩余"],
        ["resignation", "n.听从，顺从；辞职"],
        ["resigned", "a.逆来顺受的，顺从的"],
        ["resilience", "n.弹性，弹力"],
        ["resilient", "a.有弹性的；能恢复活力的，适应力强的"],
        ["resin", "n.树脂"],
        ["resonant", "a.(声音)洪亮的；共鸣的"],
        ["resort", "n.度假胜地"],
        ["resound", "v.回荡着声音；鸣响"],
        ["resourceful", "a.机智的"],
        ["respiration", "n.呼吸"],
        ["respite", "n.休息；暂缓"],
        ["resplendent", "a.华丽的，辉煌的"],
        ["respondent", "n.被告"],
        ["response", "n.反应，响应，回答"],
        ["responsive", "a.敏感的，反应快的"],
        ["responsiveness", "n.应答，响应"],
        ["restitution", "n.归偿；赔偿"],
        ["restive", "a.不安静的，不安宁的"],
        ["restiveness", "n.倔强；难以驾御"],
        ["restless", "a.不停的；不安静的"],
        ["restore", "v.使回复，恢复；修复，修补"],
        ["restored", "a.恢复的，复修的"],
        ["restrain", "v.克制，抑制"],
        ["restraint", "n.克制"],
        ["resume", "v.重新开始，继续"],
        ["resurgence", "n.再起，复活，再现"],
        ["resurrect", "v.使复活；复兴"],
        ["resuscitate", "v.使复活，使苏醒"],
        ["retail", "v.零售；n.零售"],
        ["retain", "v.保留，保持；留住"],
        ["retainer", "n.侍从"],
        ["retaliate", "v.报复，反击"],
        ["retaliation", "n.报复"],
        ["retard", "v.妨碍；减速"],
        ["reticent", "a.沉默不语的"],
        ["retinue", "n.侍从，随员团"],
        ["retiring", "a.隐居的，不喜欢社交的"],
        ["retort", "v.反驳"],
        ["retouch", "v.修描；润色"],
        ["retrace", "v.回顾，追想"],
        ["retract", "v.缩回，收回"],
        ["retreat", "n./v.撤退；隐居处"],
        ["retrench", "v.节省，紧缩费用"],
        ["retribution", "n.报应，惩罚"],
        ["retrieve", "v./n.寻回，取回；挽回(错误)"],
        ["revealing", "a.暴露的，裸露的；揭露性的"],
        ["revelation", "n.显示；泄露的事实"],
        ["revelry", "n.狂欢"],
        ["revenge", "n.报复，报仇"],
        ["revenue", "n.总收入；国家的税收收入"],
        ["reverberate", "v.起回声，反响"],
        ["revere", "v.尊敬"],
        ["reverie", "n.幻想，梦幻曲"],
        ["reverse", "n.反面；相反；v.倒车；反转"],
        ["revert", "v.恢复，回复到；重新考虑"],
        ["revile", "v.辱骂，恶言相向"],
        ["revise", "n./v.改变，修正"],
        ["revitalize", "v.使重新充满活力"],
        ["revive", "v.使苏醒；再流"],
        ["revolt", "v.叛乱，造反；反感"],
        ["revue", "n.时事讽刺剧"],
        ["reward", "n.酬报，奖赏；v.酬谢，奖赏"],
        ["rewarding", "a.有益的，值得做的"],
        ["rhetoric", "n.修辞学，浮夸的言语"],
        ["rhinestone", "n.水晶石，莱茵石"],
        ["rhubarb", "n.(植物)大黄；v./n.喧闹争吵"],
        ["rhyme", "n.押韵；v.押韵"],
        ["rhythmic", "a.有节奏的"],
        ["rib", "n.肋骨；伞骨"],
        ["ribald", "a.下流的，粗鄙的"],
        ["rickety", "a.不牢靠的，摇摇欲坠的"],
        ["riddle", "n.谜语"],
        ["rider", "n.骑手；附文，附件"],
        ["ridge", "n.脊(如屋脊，山脊等)；隆起物"],
        ["ridicule", "n.奚落；v.嘲笑"],
        ["rife", "a.流行的，普遍的"],
        ["rifle", "n.步枪；v.抢劫"],
        ["rift", "n.裂口，断裂；矛盾"],
        ["rig", "v.欺骗，舞弊，伪造"],
        ["rigid", "a.硬性的，刚硬的"],
        ["rigor", "n.严酷；严格，苛刻；严密，精确"],
        ["rile", "v.使…恼火，激怒"],
        ["rind", "n.(西瓜等)外皮"],
        ["ringlet", "n.卷发"],
        ["riot", "v.参加暴动"],
        ["riotous", "a.暴乱的；蛮横的"],
        ["ripen", "v.使成熟"],
        ["ripple", "v.起涟漪；n.细浪，涟漪"],
        ["rite", "n.(宗教的)仪式"],
        ["ritual", "n.仪式，例行习惯"],
        ["rival", "n.竞争者，对手；v.与…匹敌"],
        ["rivalry", "n.竞争，对抗"],
        ["rive", "v.撕开，分裂"],
        ["riven", "a.撕裂的，分裂的"],
        ["rivet", "n.铆钉；v.吸引(注意力)"],
        ["riveting", "a.非常精彩的"],
        ["rivulet", "n.小溪，小河"],
        ["robe", "n.长袍，礼服"],
        ["robust", "a.健壮的"],
        ["roe", "n.鱼卵"],
        ["roil", "v.煽动，搅浑"],
        ["rookie", "n.新兵，新手"],
        ["roster", "n.值班表，花名册"],
        ["rostrum", "n.讲台，讲坛"],
        ["rotate", "v.旋转，转动；轮流，交替"],
        ["rotten", "a.腐败的；糟糕的"],
        ["roughen", "v.变得粗糙，变得不平"],
        ["royalty", "n.版税"],
        ["rubicund", "a.(脸色)红润的"],
        ["rudder", "n.船舵；领导者"],
        ["rudimentary", "a.初步的，未充分发展的"],
        ["rue", "n.后悔，遗憾"],
        ["ruffian", "n.恶棍，歹徒；a.残暴的"],
        ["ruffle", "v.弄皱；激怒；n.皱边(装饰衣服)"],
        ["ruminant", "a.(动物)反刍的；沉思的"],
        ["rumple", "v.弄皱，弄乱"],
        ["rung", "n.梯子横挡，梯级"],
        ["runic", "a.北欧古代文字的；神秘的"],
        ["rupture", "n./v.破裂，断裂"],
        ["rural", "a.乡村的"],
        ["ruse", "n.骗术，诡计"],
        ["rustic", "a.乡村的，乡土气的"],
        ["ruthlessness", "n.无情，残忍"],
        ["sabotage", "n.阴谋破坏，颠覆活动"],
        ["saboteur", "n.从事破坏活动者"],
        ["saccharin", "n.糖精"],
        ["sacred", "a.神圣的，庄严的"],
        ["sacrifice", "n.牺牲；v.宰牲祭神"],
        ["sacrilege", "n.亵渎，冒犯神灵"],
        ["sacrilegious", "a.亵渎神圣的"],
        ["sadden", "v.使伤心，使悲哀"],
        ["saddle", "n.鞍，马鞍"],
        ["safeguard", "n.防范措施"],
        ["sagacious", "a.聪明的，睿智的"],
        ["sage", "a.智慧的；n.智者"],
        ["saintly", "a.圣徒似的，极为圣洁的"],
        ["salient", "a.显著的，突出的"],
        ["saliva", "n.唾液，口水"],
        ["salmon", "n.大麻哈鱼；鲜肉色"],
        ["salubrious", "a.有益健康的"],
        ["salutary", "a.有益的，有益健康的"],
        ["salutation", "n.招呼，致意，敬礼"],
        ["salute", "v.行举手礼；向…致意；n.敬礼"],
        ["salvage", "n./v.(从灾难中)抢救，海上救助"],
        ["salve", "n.药膏；v.减轻，缓和"],
        ["sampler", "n.刺绣花样；取样员"],
        ["sanctify", "v.使神圣"],
        ["sanctimonious", "a.假装神圣的"],
        ["sanction", "n./v.批准，认可"],
        ["sandal", "n.凉鞋，拖鞋"],
        ["sane", "a.神志清楚的，明智的"],
        ["sanguine", "a.乐观的"],
        ["sanity", "n.神志清楚"],
        ["sap", "n.树液；活力；v.消弱，耗尽"],
        ["sapient", "a.有智慧的"],
        ["sapphire", "n.青石，蓝宝石；a.天蓝色的"],
        ["sarcastic", "a.讽刺的"],
        ["sartorial", "a.裁缝的，缝制的"],
        ["sash", "n.肩带"],
        ["sate", "v.使心满意足，使厌腻"],
        ["satiated", "a.；厌倦的，生腻的"],
        ["satire", "n.讽刺(作品)"],
        ["satirize", "v.讽刺"],
        ["saturate", "v.浸透；使充满"],
        ["saturated", "a.渗透的，饱和的"],
        ["saturnine", "a.忧郁的，阴沉的"],
        ["saunter", "n./v.闲逛，漫步"],
        ["savage", "a.凶猛的，野蛮的"],
        ["savant", "n.博学之士，大学士"],
        ["savvy", "a.有见识和精明能干的"],
        ["sawdust", "n.锯屑"],
        ["scabbard", "n.(刀剑)鞘"],
        ["scad", "n.许多，大量"],
        ["scaffold", "n.脚手架(造房时搭的架子)"],
        ["scalding", "a.滚烫的"],
        ["scale", "n.鱼鳞；(音乐)音阶"],
        ["scalpel", "n.外科手术刀，解剖刀"],
        ["scandal", "n.丑闻；恶意诽谤"],
        ["scant", "a.不足的，缺乏的"],
        ["scarcity", "n.不足，缺乏"],
        ["scarf", "n.围巾，披肩"],
        ["scathing", "a.苛刻的，严厉的"],
        ["scatter", "v.散开，驱散"],
        ["scenario", "n.剧情说明书；剧本"],
        ["schematic", "a.纲要的，图解的"],
        ["schematize", "v.扼要表示"],
        ["scheme", "n.阴谋；(作品等)体系，结构"],
        ["schism", "n.组织分裂"],
        ["school", "n.鱼群"],
        ["scion", "n.嫩芽；子孙"],
        ["scissor", "n.剪刀"],
        ["scoff", "v.嘲笑；狼吞虎咽；n.嘲笑，笑柄"],
        ["scoop", "n.小铲，勺子；v.(用勺子)取出，舀出"],
        ["scope", "n.眼界；范围"],
        ["scorch", "v.烤焦，烧焦"],
        ["score", "n.乐谱"],
        ["scorn", "n.轻蔑；v.轻蔑，瞧不起"],
        ["scorpion", "n.蝎子"],
        ["scotch", "v.镇压，粉碎"],
        ["scourge", "n.鞭笞；磨难；v.鞭笞，磨难"],
        ["scowl", "n.怒容；v.生气地皱眉，怒视"],
        ["scrap", "n.小片，碎屑；v.废弃"],
        ["scrappy", "a.碎片的；好斗的；坚毅的"],
        ["scrawl", "v.潦草地写，乱涂"],
        ["screw", "n.螺丝钉，螺旋；吝啬鬼"],
        ["screwdriver", "n.螺丝起子；改锥"],
        ["scribble", "v.乱写，乱涂"],
        ["script", "n.剧本，脚本"],
        ["scripture", "n.经文，圣典"],
        ["scroll", "n.卷轴，纸卷；画卷"],
        ["scrub", "n.矮树丛；身体矮小的人；v.用力擦洗"],
        ["scruple", "n.顾忌，迟疑；v.顾忌"],
        ["scrutable", "a.可以理解的"],
        ["scrutinize", "v.详细检查；细读"],
        ["scuff", "v.拖着脚走"],
        ["sculpt", "v.雕刻"],
        ["sculptor", "n.雕刻家"],
        ["scurrilous", "a.下流的"],
        ["scurry", "v.急跑，疾行"],
        ["scurvy", "a.卑鄙的，可鄙的"],
        ["scythe", "n.大镰刀"],
        ["seam", "n.缝，接缝"],
        ["seamy", "a.肮脏的，恶劣的"],
        ["sear", "v.(以烈火)烧灼"],
        ["seasoned", "a.有经验的，训练有素的"],
        ["seasoning", "n.调味品，佐料"],
        ["secede", "v.正式脱离或退出(组织)"],
        ["secrete", "v.隐藏；分泌"],
        ["secretive", "a.守口如瓶的"],
        ["secular", "a.世俗的，尘世的"],
        ["secure", "a.安全的；稳固的；v.固定；使安全"],
        ["securities", "n.证券"],
        ["sedate", "a.镇静的"],
        ["sedative", "a.(药物)镇静的；n.镇静剂"],
        ["sedentary", "a.久坐的"],
        ["sediment", "n.沉淀物，渣"],
        ["sedulity", "n.勤奋，勤勉"],
        ["sedulous", "a.聚精会神的，勤勉的"],
        ["seedling", "n.幼苗"],
        ["seemly", "a.得体的，适宜的"],
        ["seep", "v.(液体等)渗漏"],
        ["seethe", "v.沸腾，汹涌"],
        ["segment", "n.部分"],
        ["seine", "n.拉网，大捕鱼网"],
        ["seismic", "a.地震的"],
        ["semblance", "n.外貌；相似"],
        ["seminal", "a.有创意的"],
        ["seminary", "n.神学院"],
        ["sensation", "n.知觉；轰动(的事)"],
        ["sensible", "a.明智的；可感觉到的"],
        ["sensitive", "a.敏感的"],
        ["sensitivity", "n.敏感，灵敏性"],
        ["sensitization", "n.敏化"],
        ["sentient", "a.有知觉的；知悉的"],
        ["sentiment", "n.多愁善感；思想感情"],
        ["sentinel", "n.哨兵，卫兵"],
        ["separate", "v.使分开；a.不同的；独自的"],
        ["septic", "a.受感染的，腐败的"],
        ["sepulchral", "a.坟墓的；阴深的"],
        ["sequential", "a.连续的，一连串的"],
        ["sequester", "v.(使)隐退；使隔离"],
        ["seraphic", "a.如天使般的，美丽的"],
        ["sere", "a.干枯的，凋萎的"],
        ["serene", "a.清澈的，晴朗的，安静的"],
        ["serial", "a.连续的，一系列的"],
        ["sermon", "n.布道；说教，训诫"],
        ["serrate", "a.锯齿状的"],
        ["serrated", "a.呈锯齿状的"],
        ["serried", "a.密集的"],
        ["serviceable", "a.可用的，耐用的"],
        ["servile", "a.奴性的，百依百顺的"],
        ["servitude", "n.奴役，劳役"],
        ["setback", "n.挫折"],
        ["settle", "v.安置于；决定；栖息"],
        ["settled", "a.固定的"],
        ["sever", "v.切断，脱离"],
        ["severe", "a.严格的；凶猛的"],
        ["sewer", "n.排水沟，下水道"],
        ["sextant", "n.六分仪(航海定向仪器)"],
        ["shackle", "n.脚镣，枷锁"],
        ["shale", "n.页岩(一种由似泥土细粒的沉淀物层组成的易分裂的岩石)"],
        ["sham", "n.虚假；v.伪装"],
        ["shambles", "n.凌乱景象，杂乱无章"],
        ["shard", "n.(陶器等)碎片"],
        ["shattered", "a.粉碎的；破坏的"],
        ["shavings", "n.刨花"],
        ["shear", "v.剪(羊毛)，剪发"],
        ["sheath", "n.(刀、剑)鞘、套"],
        ["sheathe", "v.将(刀，剑等)插入鞘"],
        ["shed", "v.流出(眼泪等)；脱落(叶子)"],
        ["sheer", "a.完全的；陡峭的；极薄的"],
        ["shell", "n.贝壳；炮弹；v.剥去…的壳"],
        ["shelter", "n.掩蔽处，掩蔽；v.庇护，保护"],
        ["shelve", "v.搁置"],
        ["sheriff", "n.警长，县治安官"],
        ["shield", "n.盾；v.掩护，遮挡"],
        ["shiftiness", "n.奸诈"],
        ["shiftless", "a.没有决断力的；偷懒的；无能的"],
        ["shingle", "n.木瓦，屋顶板；木质小招牌"],
        ["shipshape", "a.整洁的，井然有序的"],
        ["shirk", "v.逃避，规避"],
        ["shoal", "n.浅滩，浅水处；一群(鱼等)；a.水浅的"],
        ["shoddy", "n.劣质的，冒充好货的"],
        ["shoot", "n.嫩芽，新芽"],
        ["shoplift", "v.在商店里偷窃货品"],
        ["shopworn", "a.在商店中陈列旧了的"],
        ["shoulder", "n.肩；路肩"],
        ["shove", "v.推挤，猛推"],
        ["shrewd", "a.判断敏捷的，精明的"],
        ["shriek", "v.尖叫"],
        ["shrine", "n.神龛，圣地"],
        ["shrink", "v.收缩，皱缩"],
        ["shroud", "n.寿衣；遮蔽物；v.覆盖"],
        ["shrub", "n.灌木"],
        ["shrug", "v.耸肩(表示怀疑等)"],
        ["shuck", "n.(植物的)壳，夹；无用之物"],
        ["shudder", "v./n.战栗，发抖"],
        ["shun", "v.避免，闪避"],
        ["shunt", "v.使(火车)转到另一轨道，转移方向"],
        ["sibilant", "a.发出咝咝声的"],
        ["sibling", "n.兄弟或姊妹"],
        ["sibyl", "n.女预言家，女先知"],
        ["sidereal", "a.恒星的"],
        ["sideshow", "n.杂耍，穿插表演"],
        ["sidestep", "v.横跨一步以躲避；回避"],
        ["siege", "n.包围，围攻"],
        ["sift", "v.筛，过滤"],
        ["signal", "n.信号；v.发信号；a.显著的"],
        ["significant", "a.相当数量的；意义重大的"],
        ["signify", "v.表示；有重要性"],
        ["sill", "n.门槛；窗台"],
        ["silt", "n.淤泥，淤沙"],
        ["silversmith", "n.银匠"],
        ["simper", "v.痴笑，傻笑"],
        ["simpleton", "n.笨蛋"],
        ["simulate", "v.假装，模仿"],
        ["simultaneous", "a.同时发生的"],
        ["sincere", "a.诚实的，正直的；真挚的，纯净的"],
        ["sinecure", "n.挂名差事，闲职"],
        ["sinew", "n.腱，肌肉)；力量"],
        ["singe", "v.(轻微地)烧焦，烫焦"],
        ["singularity", "n.独特；奇点(天文学上密度无穷大、体积无穷小的点)"],
        ["sinuous", "a.蜿蜒的，迂回的"],
        ["sip", "v.啜饮"],
        ["siren", "n.汽笛，警报器"],
        ["skeleton", "n.骨架，骨骼；提纲"],
        ["sketchy", "a.概略的，粗略的"],
        ["skew", "a.不直的，歪斜的"],
        ["skewer", "n.(烤肉用的)穿肉杆；v.用杆穿好"],
        ["skiff", "n.轻舟，小船"],
        ["skillet", "n.煎锅"],
        ["skim", "v.从液体表面撇去；浏览，略读"],
        ["skimp", "v.节省花费"],
        ["skinflint", "n.吝啬鬼"],
        ["skirmish", "n.小战，小争吵"],
        ["skirt", "v.环绕，逃避"],
        ["skit", "n.幽默讽刺短剧"],
        ["skyscraper", "n.摩天大楼"],
        ["slab", "n.厚板，厚块"],
        ["slack", "a.懒散的，懈怠的；(绳)松弛的；v.松懈，怠惰"],
        ["slacken", "v.(使)松弛，放松"],
        ["slag", "n.炉渣，矿渣"],
        ["slake", "v.解渴，消渴"],
        ["slander", "v./n.诽谤，诋毁"],
        ["slanderous", "a.诽谤的"],
        ["slant", "v.倾斜；n.斜面；看法"],
        ["slate", "n.石板；候选人名单；v.提名"],
        ["slaughter", "v./n.屠杀，屠宰"],
        ["sleigh", "n.(马拉的)雪橇"],
        ["slew", "v.(使)旋转；n.大量"],
        ["slice", "v.切成片；n.薄片"],
        ["slick", "a.熟练的；圆滑的；光滑的"],
        ["slight", "a.微小的；n./v.轻蔑"],
        ["slippage", "n.滑动，下降"],
        ["slippery", "a.滑的；狡猾的"],
        ["slipshod", "a.马虎的，草率的"],
        ["slither", "v.(蛇)滑动，扭动前进"],
        ["sliver", "n.长条；v.裂成细片"],
        ["sloppy", "a.邋遢的，不整洁的"],
        ["slot", "n.狭孔"],
        ["sloth", "n.懒惰；树獭(一种动物)"],
        ["slouch", "n.没精打采的样子；v.没精打采地坐(站、走)"],
        ["slough", "v.(蛇等)蜕皮；n.(蛇等的)蜕皮"],
        ["sluggard", "n.懒鬼"],
        ["sluice", "n.水门，水闸；v.冲洗"],
        ["slumber", "v.睡眠，安睡；n.安睡"],
        ["slur", "v.含糊不清地讲"],
        ["slurp", "v.大声地啜喝"],
        ["sly", "a.狡猾的，鬼鬼祟祟的"],
        ["smarmy", "a.虚情假意的"],
        ["smart", "n.痛苦；a.时髦的；聪明的"],
        ["smattering", "n.略知；少数"],
        ["smear", "n.油渍，污点；v.弄脏，玷污"],
        ["smirk", "v.假笑，得意地笑"],
        ["smooth", "a.光滑的；平稳的；v.弄平，使光滑；消除"],
        ["smother", "v.覆盖；(使)闷死"],
        ["smudge", "n.渍痕；v.弄脏"],
        ["smug", "a.自满的，自命不凡的"],
        ["smuggle", "v.走私，私运"],
        ["snare", "n.罗网，陷阱"],
        ["snarl", "n./v.纠缠，混乱"],
        ["snatch", "n./v.强夺，攫取"],
        ["sneaking", "a.秘密的，不公开的"],
        ["sneer", "v.嘲笑，鄙视"],
        ["snide", "a.讽刺的，含沙射影的"],
        ["snip", "v.剪断"],
        ["snitch", "v.告密；偷"],
        ["snobbish", "a.势利眼的；假充绅士的"],
        ["snowdrift", "n.雪堆"],
        ["snub", "v.冷落，不理睬"],
        ["snug", "a.温暖的，舒适的"],
        ["soak", "v.浸泡，渗透"],
        ["soar", "v.高飞，翱翔；猛增"],
        ["sober", "a.清醒的；庄重的"],
        ["sobriety", "n.节制，庄重"],
        ["sock", "v.重击，痛打"],
        ["sod", "n.草地，草坪"],
        ["sodden", "a.浸透了的"],
        ["soggy", "a.湿透的"],
        ["soil", "n./v.弄脏，污损"],
        ["solace", "n.安慰，慰藉"],
        ["solder", "v.焊接，焊合"],
        ["solemn", "a.严肃的，庄严的；黑色的"],
        ["solemnity", "n.庄严，肃穆"],
        ["solicit", "v.恳求；教唆"],
        ["solicitous", "a.热切的；挂念的"],
        ["solicitude", "n.关怀，牵挂"],
        ["solidarity", "n.团结，一致"],
        ["solidify", "v.巩固，(使)凝固，(使)团结"],
        ["solitary", "a.孤独的；n.隐士"],
        ["solitude", "n.孤独"],
        ["solo", "a.单独的；n.独唱"],
        ["soluble", "a.可溶的；可以解决的"],
        ["solvent", "a.有偿债能力的；n.溶剂"],
        ["somatic", "a.肉体的"],
        ["somber", "a.忧郁的；阴暗的"],
        ["sonata", "n.奏鸣曲"],
        ["sonnet", "n.十四行诗"],
        ["soot", "n.黑烟灰，油烟"],
        ["soothe", "v.抚慰；减轻"],
        ["sop", "n.泡过的食品；安慰品"],
        ["sophism", "n.诡辩；诡辩法(术)"],
        ["sophisticated", "a.老于世故的；(仪器)精密的"],
        ["sophistication", "n.诡辩，强词夺理；久经世故，老练，精明"],
        ["sophistry", "n.诡辩"],
        ["soporific", "a.催眠的；n.安眠药"],
        ["sopping", "a.浑身湿透的"],
        ["sorcery", "n.巫术，魔法"],
        ["sordid", "a.卑鄙的；肮脏的"],
        ["souvenir", "n.纪念品"],
        ["sovereign", "n.最高统治者，元首"],
        ["sovereignty", "n.主权，统治权"],
        ["sow", "n.母猪；v.播种"],
        ["spackle", "n.填泥料(用以填塞裂缝和洞穴)"],
        ["span", "n.跨度；两个界限间的距离"],
        ["spank", "v.打，拍打(在屁股上)"],
        ["sparing", "a.节俭的"],
        ["spark", "n.火花，火星"],
        ["sparring", "n.拳击，争斗"],
        ["sparse", "a.稀少的，贫乏的"],
        ["spartan", "a.简朴的；刻苦的"],
        ["spat", "n.口角，小争论"],
        ["spate", "n.大批，大量；(水)泛滥"],
        ["spatial", "a.有关空间的，在空间的"],
        ["spatula", "n.(调拌等用的)抹刀"],
        ["spawn", "n.(鱼等)卵子；v.大量生产"],
        ["spear", "n.矛；嫩叶；v.刺戳"],
        ["specialize", "v.专门研究"],
        ["specialized", "a.专门的"],
        ["specifics", "n.细小问题，细节"],
        ["specimen", "n.范例，样品，标本"],
        ["specious", "a.似是而非的；华而不实的"],
        ["speck", "n.斑点；少量"],
        ["spectacular", "a.壮观的，引人入胜的"],
        ["spectator", "n.观众，观看者"],
        ["specter", "n.鬼魂，幽灵；恐惧"],
        ["spectral", "a.幽灵的"],
        ["spectrum", "n.光谱；范围"],
        ["speculate", "v.沉思，思索；投机"],
        ["speculative", "a.投机的；推理的，思索的"],
        ["spell", "n.连续的一段时间"],
        ["spendthrift", "adj./n.挥金如土的(人)"],
        ["spike", "n.长钉，大钉"],
        ["spin", "v.旋转；纺，纺纱；n.旋转"],
        ["spindly", "a.细长的，纤弱的"],
        ["spineless", "a.没骨气的，懦弱的"],
        ["spiny", "a.针状的；多刺的，棘手的"],
        ["spire", "n.(教堂)尖顶"],
        ["spiritual", "a.精神的"],
        ["spite", "n.怨恨，恶意"],
        ["spleen", "n.怨怒"],
        ["splendor", "n.壮丽；辉煌"],
        ["splice", "v.接合，衔接"],
        ["splint", "n.(固定断骨的)夹板，托板"],
        ["split", "n./v.分裂，裂开"],
        ["splurge", "n.炫耀，摆阔"],
        ["spoil", "v.损坏，破坏；溺爱"],
        ["spoke", "n.(车轮上)辐条"],
        ["spongy", "a.像海绵的；不坚实的"],
        ["spontaneity", "n.自然，自发"],
        ["spontaneous", "a.自发的；自然的"],
        ["spoof", "v.揶揄，嘲讽"],
        ["sporadic", "a.不定时发生的"],
        ["sport", "v.炫耀，卖弄"],
        ["sprain", "v.扭伤"],
        ["sprawling", "a.植物蔓生的，(城市)无计划地扩展的"],
        ["sprig", "n.嫩枝，小枝"],
        ["sprightly", "a.愉快的，活泼的"],
        ["sprout", "v.长出，萌芽；n.嫩芽"],
        ["spruce", "n.云杉；a.整洁的"],
        ["spur", "v.刺激，激励；用马刺刺马"],
        ["spurious", "a.假的；伪造的"],
        ["squabble", "n.争吵"],
        ["squalid", "a.污秽的，肮脏的"],
        ["squall", "n.短暂、突然且猛烈的风暴；短暂的骚动"],
        ["squalor", "n.不洁，污秽"],
        ["squander", "v.浪费，挥霍"],
        ["square", "v.一致，符合；结清"],
        ["squash", "v.压碎，挤压；n.南瓜"],
        ["squat", "v.蹲下；a.矮胖的"],
        ["squeeze", "v.压，挤；n.压榨，紧握"],
        ["squelch", "v.压制，镇压"],
        ["squint", "v.斜视"],
        ["squirrel", "n.松鼠"],
        ["staccato", "a.(音乐)断音的，不连贯的"],
        ["stagnant", "a.停滞的"],
        ["staid", "a.稳重的，沉着的"],
        ["stain", "v.玷污；染色"],
        ["stake", "n.柱桩；赌注"],
        ["stale", "a.不新鲜的，陈腐的"],
        ["stalemate", "n.和棋局面，僵局"],
        ["stalk", "v.隐伏跟踪(猎物)"],
        ["stall", "v.使停止，使延迟"],
        ["stalwart", "a.健壮的，坚定的"],
        ["stammer", "v.口吃，结巴"],
        ["stamp", "v./n.跺脚；在…上盖印"],
        ["stance", "n.站姿；立场"],
        ["stanch", "v.制止(血液)，止住"],
        ["stanza", "n.(诗)节，段"],
        ["staple", "n.主要产品"],
        ["starchy", "a.含淀粉的；刻板的"],
        ["stark", "a.(外表)僵硬的；完全的"],
        ["startle", "v.使吃惊"],
        ["stasis", "n.停滞"],
        ["static", "a.静态的，呆板的"],
        ["stationary", "a.静止的，不动的"],
        ["statuary", "n.雕像；雕塑艺术"],
        ["stature", "n.身高，身材"],
        ["status", "n.身分，地位"],
        ["statute", "n.法规，法令"],
        ["statutory", "a.法定的；受法令所约束的"],
        ["steadfast", "a.忠实的；不变的"],
        ["stealth", "n.秘密的行动"],
        ["steep", "v.浸泡，浸透"],
        ["steer", "v.操舵，驾驶；n.公牛，食用牛"],
        ["stellar", "a.星的，星球的"],
        ["stem", "n.(植物的)茎，叶柄；v.阻止，遏制(水流等)"],
        ["stench", "n.臭气，恶臭(stink)"],
        ["stencil", "n.(用以刻写图案、文字的)模板；v.用模板刻写"],
        ["stentorian", "a.(指声音)极响亮的"],
        ["stereotype", "n.固定形式，老套"],
        ["sterile", "a.贫瘠且无植被的；不孕的；无细菌的"],
        ["sterilize", "v.使不育；杀菌"],
        ["stern", "n.船尾"],
        ["stethoscope", "n.听诊器"],
        ["stickler", "n.坚持细节之人"],
        ["stiff", "a.僵直的，呆板的，严厉的"],
        ["stifle", "v.感到窒息；抑止"],
        ["stigma", "n.耻辱的标志，污点"],
        ["stigmatize", "v.污蔑，玷污"],
        ["stilted", "a.(文章，谈话)不自然的；夸张的"],
        ["stimulant", "n.兴奋剂，刺激物"],
        ["stimulus", "n.刺激物，激励"],
        ["sting", "v.刺痛；叮螫；n.螫刺"],
        ["stinginess", "n.小气"],
        ["stingy", "a.吝啬的，小气的"],
        ["stint", "v.吝惜，节省"],
        ["stipple", "v.点画，点描"],
        ["stipulate", "v.要求以…为条件；约定"],
        ["stipulation", "n.规定，约定"],
        ["stir", "v.刺激"],
        ["stitch", "n.(缝纫时的)一针，一钩；v.缝合"],
        ["stock", "a.普通的，惯用的；n.存货"],
        ["stockade", "n.栅栏，围栏"],
        ["stocky", "a.矮胖的，粗壮的"],
        ["stodgy", "a.乏味的"],
        ["stoic", "n.坚忍克己之人"],
        ["stoke", "v.给…添加燃料"],
        ["stolid", "a.无动于衷的"],
        ["stomach", "v.吃得下；容忍"],
        ["stonewall", "v.拖延议事，设置障碍"],
        ["stout", "a.肥胖的；强壮的"],
        ["stowaway", "n.(藏于轮船、飞机中的)偷乘者"],
        ["straightforward", "a.正直的；易懂的；直截了当的"],
        ["strait", "n.海峡；a.狭窄的"],
        ["strand", "n.绳线的一股；v.搁浅"],
        ["stranded", "a.搁浅的，进退两难的"],
        ["stratagem", "n.谋略，策略"],
        ["stratify", "v.(使)层化"],
        ["stratum", "n.地层；社会阶层"],
        ["stray", "v.偏离，迷路；a.迷了路的；零落的"],
        ["streak", "n.线条，条纹；v.加线条"],
        ["stream", "n.小溪；水流；v.倾注，涌流"],
        ["stretch", "v.变长；伸展"],
        ["strew", "v.撒，散播"],
        ["striate", "v.在…加上条纹"],
        ["striated", "a.有条纹的"],
        ["stricture", "n.严厉谴责；束缚"],
        ["stride", "v.大步行走"],
        ["strident", "a.尖声的，刺耳的"],
        ["strife", "n.纷争，冲突"],
        ["striking", "a.引人注目的，明显的"],
        ["stringent", "a.(规定)严格的，苛刻的；缺钱的"],
        ["strip", "v.剥去；n.狭长的一片"],
        ["strive", "v.奋斗，努力"],
        ["stroke", "v.抚摸；n.击，打；一笔"],
        ["stroll", "v.漫步，闲逛"],
        ["strut", "v.趾高气扬地走；n.支柱"],
        ["stubborn", "a.固执的；难以改变的"],
        ["studied", "a.慎重的；认真习得的"],
        ["stuffy", "a.(空气)不新鲜的，闷气的"],
        ["stultify", "v.使变得荒谬可笑；使无用"],
        ["stunning", "a.极富魅力的"],
        ["stunt", "v.阻碍(成长)；n.特技，绝技"],
        ["stupor", "n.昏迷，不醒人事"],
        ["sturdy", "a.(身体)强健的；结实的"],
        ["stutter", "n./v.口吃，结巴"],
        ["stygian", "a.阴暗的，阴森森的"],
        ["stylus", "n.铁笔"],
        ["stymie", "v.妨碍，阻挠"],
        ["subdue", "v.征服；压制；减轻"],
        ["subdued", "a.(光和声)柔和的，缓和的；(人)温和的"],
        ["subject", "n.受支配的人，隶属"],
        ["subjective", "a.主观的，想象的"],
        ["subjugate", "v.征服，镇压"],
        ["sublime", "a.崇高的"],
        ["subliminal", "a.潜意识的"],
        ["submission", "n.恭顺"],
        ["submit", "v.屈服；提交，呈递"],
        ["suborn", "v.收买，贿赂"],
        ["subpoena", "n.(法律)传票；v.传讯"],
        ["subsequent", "a.随后的，后来的，连续的"],
        ["subside", "v.(建筑物等)下陷"],
        ["subsidiary", "a.辅助的；次要的"],
        ["subsidy", "n.补助金"],
        ["subsistence", "n.生存，生计；存在"],
        ["substance", "n.大意，根据，实质；物质"],
        ["substantial", "a.坚固的，结实的；实质的"],
        ["substantiate", "v.证实，确证"],
        ["substantive", "a.根本的；独立存在的"],
        ["substitute", "n.代替品；v.代替"],
        ["subsume", "v.包含，包容"],
        ["subterfuge", "n.诡计，托辞"],
        ["subterranean", "a.地下的"],
        ["subtle", "a.微妙的，精巧的"],
        ["subtract", "v.减去，减掉"],
        ["subversive", "a.颠覆性的，破坏性的"],
        ["subvert", "v.颠覆，推翻"],
        ["succinct", "a.简明的，简洁的"],
        ["succor", "v./n.救助，援助"],
        ["succumb", "v.屈从；因…死亡"],
        ["suffice", "v.足够，(食物)满足"],
        ["sufficient", "a.足够的"],
        ["suffocate", "v.(使)窒息而死"],
        ["suffrage", "n.选举权，投票权"],
        ["suffragist", "n.参政权扩大论者；妇女政权论者"],
        ["suffuse", "v.(色彩等)弥漫，染遍"],
        ["suggestive", "a.暗示的"],
        ["suitcase", "n.手提箱，箱子"],
        ["sulky", "a.生气的"],
        ["sullen", "a.忧郁的"],
        ["sultry", "a.闷热的；(人)风骚的"],
        ["summarily", "adv.概括地；仓促地"],
        ["summary", "n.摘要，概要；a.摘要的，简略的"],
        ["summation", "n.总结，概要；总数，合计"],
        ["summon", "v.召见；召集"],
        ["sumptuous", "a.豪华的，奢侈的"],
        ["sunder", "v.分裂，分离"],
        ["superb", "a.上乘的，出色的"],
        ["supercilious", "a.目中无人的"],
        ["superficial", "a.表面的，肤浅的"],
        ["superficiality", "n.浅薄"],
        ["superfluity", "n.多余的量"],
        ["superfluous", "a.多余的，累赘的"],
        ["superimpose", "v.加在上面"],
        ["superintend", "v.监督"],
        ["superiority", "n.优越(感)"],
        ["supernova", "n.超新星"],
        ["supersede", "v.淘汰，取代"],
        ["supervise", "v.监督，管理"],
        ["supine", "a.仰卧的；懒散的"],
        ["supplant", "v.排挤，取代"],
        ["supple", "a.伸屈自如的"],
        ["supplement", "v./n.增补，补充"],
        ["suppliant", "a.恳求的，哀求的；n.恳求者"],
        ["supplicant", "n.乞求者，恳求者"],
        ["supplicate", "v.恳求，乞求"],
        ["supremacy", "n.至高无上，霸权"],
        ["supreme", "a.至高的；极度的"],
        ["surcharge", "v.对…收取额外费用；n.附加费"],
        ["surfeit", "n.(食物)过量，过度；v.使过量"],
        ["surge", "v.波涛汹涌，波动"],
        ["surgeon", "n.外科医师；军医，船上的医生"],
        ["surly", "a.脾气暴躁的；阴沉的"],
        ["surmise", "n.推测，猜测；v.推测"],
        ["surmount", "v.克服，战胜"],
        ["surpass", "v.超过"],
        ["surplus", "a.过剩的；盈余的"],
        ["surrealism", "n.超现实主义"],
        ["surrender", "v.投降；放弃；归还"],
        ["surreptitious", "a.鬼鬼祟祟的"],
        ["surrogate", "n.代替品；代理人"],
        ["surveyor", "n.测量员"],
        ["survive", "v.幸存"],
        ["susceptibility", "n.易感性"],
        ["susceptible", "a.易受影响的，脆弱的"],
        ["suspect", "v.怀疑；n.嫌疑犯；a.可疑的"],
        ["suspend", "v.暂缓，中止；吊，悬"],
        ["suspense", "n.悬念；挂念"],
        ["suspicion", "n.怀疑，觉察，嫌疑"],
        ["suspicious", "a.怀疑的"],
        ["sustain", "v.承受(困难)，支撑(重量)"],
        ["sustained", "a.持久的，经久不衰的"],
        ["sustenance", "n.食物，粮食；生计"],
        ["suture", "n.(伤口的)缝线；v.缝合"],
        ["svelte", "a.(女人)体态苗条的"],
        ["swagger", "v.大摇大摆地走"],
        ["swallow", "v.吞下，咽下；忍受"],
        ["swamp", "n.沼泽；v.使陷入；淹没"],
        ["sway", "v.摇动，摇摆；影响使改变；n.摇动"],
        ["swell", "v.肿胀，增强"],
        ["sweltering", "a.酷热的"],
        ["swerve", "v.突然改变方向"],
        ["swift", "a.迅速的；敏捷的"],
        ["swill", "v.冲洗；痛饮"],
        ["swindle", "v.诈骗"],
        ["swine", "n.猪"],
        ["swing", "v.摇摆；旋转；n.秋千"],
        ["swirl", "v.旋转；n.漩"],
        ["sybarite", "n.奢侈逸乐的人"],
        ["sybaritic", "a.放纵的"],
        ["sycophant", "n.马屁精"],
        ["syllabus", "n.教学纲要"],
        ["symbiosis", "n.共生(关系)"],
        ["symmetry", "n.对称；均衡"],
        ["symphony", "n.交响乐，交响曲"],
        ["synchronous", "a.同时发生的"],
        ["syndrome", "n.综合症状"],
        ["synergic", "a.协同作用的"],
        ["synopsis", "n.摘要，概要"],
        ["synoptic", "a.摘要的"],
        ["synthesis", "n.综合，合成"],
        ["syringe", "n.注射器"],
        ["table", "v.搁置，不加考虑"],
        ["taboo", "a.讳忌的；n.禁忌"],
        ["tacit", "a.心照不宣的"],
        ["taciturn", "a.沉默寡言的"],
        ["tackiness", "n.胶粘性"],
        ["tackle", "v.处理；n.滑车"],
        ["tact", "n.机智；圆滑"],
        ["tactic", "n.(达到目的的)手段；战术"],
        ["tactile", "a.有触觉的"],
        ["tadpole", "n.蝌蚪"],
        ["tag", "n.鞋带；附属物，标签"],
        ["taking", "a.楚楚动人的"],
        ["talisman", "n.避邪物，护身符"],
        ["tally", "v.(使)一致，符合"],
        ["talon", "n.猛禽的锐爪"],
        ["tambourine", "n.铃鼓，手鼓"],
        ["tame", "a.驯服的；沉闷的"],
        ["tamp", "v.捣实，砸实"],
        ["tamper", "v.损害，窜改"],
        ["tan", "v.鞣(革)"],
        ["tangential", "a.切线的；离题的"],
        ["tangible", "a.可触摸的"],
        ["tangle", "v.缠结；n.纷乱"],
        ["tango", "n.探戈舞"],
        ["tangy", "a.强烈的，扑鼻的"],
        ["tantalize", "v.挑惹，挑逗"],
        ["tantamount", "a.与…相等的"],
        ["tantrum", "n.发脾气，发怒"],
        ["taper", "n.细蜡烛；v.(长形物体的)逐渐变细"],
        ["tapestry", "n.挂毯"],
        ["tardy", "a.缓慢的，迟缓的"],
        ["tare", "n.莠草，杂草"],
        ["tariff", "n.关税"],
        ["tarnish", "n./v.失去光泽，晦暗"],
        ["tarpaulin", "n.防水油布"],
        ["tart", "a.酸的；尖酸的"],
        ["tasty", "a.味道好的"],
        ["tatty", "a.简陋的，不整洁的"],
        ["taut", "a.绷紧的"],
        ["tauten", "v.拉紧，绷紧"],
        ["tawdry", "a.华而不实的，俗丽的"],
        ["taxing", "a.繁重的"],
        ["taxonomist", "n.分类学家"],
        ["tear", "v.撕裂"],
        ["tease", "v.逗乐，戏弄；强求；n.揶揄，戏弄，取笑"],
        ["technocrat", "n.技术管理人员"],
        ["tedious", "a.冗长的，沉闷的"],
        ["tedium", "n.单调乏味"],
        ["teeter", "v.摇摆，踌躇"],
        ["telling", "a.有效的，显著的"],
        ["temerity", "n.鲁莽，大胆"],
        ["temp", "v.做临时工作"],
        ["temper", "v.锤炼；缓和；n.脾气"],
        ["tempest", "n.暴风雨；骚动"],
        ["tempestuous", "a.狂暴的"],
        ["tempo", "n.(动作、生活的)步调，速度"],
        ["temporal", "a.时间的；世俗的"],
        ["temporize", "v.拖延；见风使舵"],
        ["temptation", "n.诱惑，诱惑物"],
        ["tenable", "a.站得住脚的，无懈可击的"],
        ["tenacious", "a.坚韧不拔的"],
        ["tenacity", "n.坚持，固执"],
        ["tenant", "n.房客"],
        ["tend", "v.照料，看顾"],
        ["tendentious", "a.有偏见的"],
        ["tender", "v.(希望对方接受的意见等)"],
        ["tenet", "n.信念；信条；教义"],
        ["tenor", "n.男高音；要点，要旨"],
        ["tension", "n.紧张，焦虑；张力"],
        ["tentative", "a.试探性的，尝试性的"],
        ["tenuous", "a.细薄的，稀薄的；空洞的"],
        ["tenure", "n.任期；终身职位"],
        ["tepid", "a.微温的"],
        ["terminal", "a.末端的；n.终点站，终端"],
        ["terminate", "v.终止，结束"],
        ["termination", "n.终点"],
        ["terminology", "n.术语，术语学"],
        ["terminus", "n.(火车，汽车)终点站"],
        ["termite", "n.白蚁"],
        ["terrace", "n.一层梯田；阳台"],
        ["terrain", "n.地势，地形"],
        ["terrestrial", "a.地球的；陆地的"],
        ["terse", "a.简洁的，简明的"],
        ["testament", "n.遗嘱；证明"],
        ["testator", "n.立遗嘱的人"],
        ["testify", "v.见证，证实"],
        ["testimony", "n.证言，证明"],
        ["testiness", "n.易怒"],
        ["testy", "a.性急的，暴躁的"],
        ["tether", "v.用绳或链拴住(牲畜)；n.(拴牲畜的)绳或链；限度，范围"],
        ["texture", "n.质地；结构"],
        ["thatch", "v.以茅草覆盖；n.茅草屋顶，茅草"],
        ["thaw", "v.解冻，溶化"],
        ["thematic", "a.主题的"],
        ["theocracy", "n.神权政治"],
        ["theoretical", "a.不切实际的；理论(上)的"],
        ["therapeutic", "a.治病的"],
        ["thermal", "a.热的，热量的；温暖的n.热气流"],
        ["thesis", "n.论题，论文"],
        ["thicket", "n.树丛，灌木丛"],
        ["thorn", "n.刺；荆棘"],
        ["thread", "n.螺纹"],
        ["threadbare", "a.磨破的，陈腐的"],
        ["threat", "n.威胁，恐吓；凶兆"],
        ["thrive", "v.茁壮成长"],
        ["throne", "n.宝座；王位"],
        ["throng", "n.一大群；v.拥挤"],
        ["throwback", "n.返祖现象，复旧"],
        ["thrust", "v.猛力推；刺，戳"],
        ["thwart", "v.阻挠，使…受挫"],
        ["tickler", "n.棘手的问题，难题"],
        ["ticklish", "a.怕痒的；易怒的"],
        ["tidy", "a.整齐的，整洁的"],
        ["tiff", "n.吵嘴，呕气"],
        ["tightfisted", "a.吝啬的"],
        ["tilt", "v.(使)倾斜；n.倾斜，斜坡"],
        ["timber", "n.木材；(人)品质"],
        ["timbre", "n.音色，音质"],
        ["timely", "a.适时的，及时的"],
        ["timid", "a.胆怯的"],
        ["timidity", "n.胆怯"],
        ["timorous", "a.胆小的，胆怯的"],
        ["tinder", "n.火绒，火种"],
        ["tined", "a.尖端的"],
        ["tinker", "n.补锅工人；v.拙劣修补"],
        ["tint", "n.色泽；v.给…淡淡地着色"],
        ["tirade", "n.长篇的攻击性讲话"],
        ["tire", "n.轮胎(tyre)；v.疲劳"],
        ["tissue", "n.细胞组织；薄纸，棉纸"],
        ["titanic", "a.巨人的，力大无比的"],
        ["titular", "a.有名无实的，名义上的"],
        ["toady", "n.谄媚者，马屁精"],
        ["toil", "v./n.辛苦，辛勤劳作"],
        ["tolerance", "n.容许量，公差；容忍，忍受"],
        ["toll", "n.过路(桥)费；伤亡人数，损失；v.(缓慢而有规律地)敲"],
        ["tombstone", "n.墓碑，墓石"],
        ["tongs", "n.夹子，钳子"],
        ["tonic", "n.增进健康之物，补品；a.滋补的"],
        ["tonsorial", "a.理发师的，理发的"],
        ["topple", "v.倾覆，推倒"],
        ["torment", "n.折磨，痛苦"],
        ["tornado", "n.飓风，龙卷风"],
        ["torpid", "a.懒散的，死气沉沉的"],
        ["torpor", "n.死气沉沉"],
        ["torque", "n.转矩；项圈"],
        ["torrent", "n.洪流，急流"],
        ["torrential", "a.奔流的，洪流的"],
        ["tortuous", "a.弯弯曲曲的"],
        ["toss", "v.投，掷；使摇动"],
        ["totalitarian", "a.极权主义的"],
        ["totem", "n.图腾，徽章"],
        ["totter", "v.摇摇欲坠；步履蹒跚"],
        ["touchy", "a.敏感的，易发脾气的"],
        ["toupee", "n.男用假发"],
        ["tournament", "n.比赛；(旧时)骑士比武大会"],
        ["tourniquet", "n.止血带"],
        ["tout", "v.招徕顾客；极力赞扬"],
        ["toxic", "a.有毒的，中毒的"],
        ["toxin", "n.毒素，毒质"],
        ["toy", "v.不认真考虑，玩弄"],
        ["traceable", "a.可追踪的"],
        ["track", "n.足迹，踪迹；轨道；小道；v.跟踪"],
        ["tract", "n.传单；大片土地"],
        ["tractability", "n.温顺"],
        ["tractable", "a.易于驾驭的，温顺的"],
        ["tragedy", "n.悲剧，惨事，灾难"],
        ["trait", "n.人的显著特性"],
        ["traitor", "n.卖国贼，叛徒"],
        ["trajectory", "n.(抛射物)弹道轨道"],
        ["trample", "v.踩坏，践踏"],
        ["trance", "n.恍惚，昏睡状态"],
        ["tranquility", "n.宁静，安静"],
        ["transaction", "n.办理，交易"],
        ["transcend", "v.超越，胜过"],
        ["transcendent", "a.超越的，卓越的，出众的"],
        ["transcendental", "a.超越经验的"],
        ["transcribe", "v.抄写，转录"],
        ["transfer", "v.转移，传递；调任，转让"],
        ["transfigure", "v.美化，改观"],
        ["transgress", "v.冒犯，违背"],
        ["transgression", "n.违法，罪过"],
        ["transience", "n.短暂"],
        ["transient", "a.短暂的，转瞬即逝的"],
        ["transition", "n.过渡时期，转变"],
        ["transitory", "a.短暂的"],
        ["translucent", "a.(半)透明的"],
        ["transmit", "v.传送，传播"],
        ["transmute", "v.变化，变作"],
        ["transparent", "a.透明的；直率的"],
        ["transplantation", "n.移植"],
        ["transport", "v.运输；n.狂喜"],
        ["transpose", "v.变换位置，调换"],
        ["trapeze", "n.空中秋千"],
        ["traverse", "v.横穿过，横跨"],
        ["travesty", "v./n.歪曲模仿，曲解"],
        ["treacherous", "a.背叛的，叛逆的，奸诈的"],
        ["treason", "n.叛国罪"],
        ["treatise", "n.论文"],
        ["treaty", "n.条约；协议"],
        ["tremendous", "a.惊人的；巨大的"],
        ["tremor", "n.震动，地震"],
        ["trenchant", "a.一针见血的"],
        ["trend", "v./n.趋势，倾向"],
        ["trepidation", "n.恐惧，惶恐"],
        ["trespass", "v.侵犯，闯入私人领地"],
        ["tribunal", "n.法庭，裁判所"],
        ["tribute", "n.赞辞；贡物"],
        ["trickle", "v.一滴滴地流；n.细流"],
        ["trifle", "n.微不足道，琐事"],
        ["trigger", "n.扳机；v.引发，导致"],
        ["trilogy", "n.三部曲"],
        ["trim", "v.修剪；a.井井有条的"],
        ["trinket", "n.小装饰品；不值钱的珠宝"],
        ["trio", "n.三重奏，三重唱；三人一组"],
        ["tripod", "n.画架，三脚架"],
        ["trite", "a.陈腐的，陈词滥调的"],
        ["triumph", "v./n.凯旋，胜利，欢欣"],
        ["trivial", "a.琐细的"],
        ["trophy", "n.奖品，战利品"],
        ["troupe", "n.歌唱团，剧团"],
        ["trowel", "泥刀，小铲子"],
        ["truancy", "n.逃学，旷课"],
        ["truce", "n.停战，休战(协定)"],
        ["truculent", "a.残暴的，凶狠的"],
        ["trudge", "v.跋涉"],
        ["trumpet", "n.喇叭，小号"],
        ["truncate", "v.把(某物)截短，去尾"],
        ["trunk", "n.树干；大衣箱"],
        ["truss", "n.桁架，支架；干草的一捆"],
        ["trustworthy", "a.值得信赖的，可靠的"],
        ["tuber", "n.块茎，球根"],
        ["tumult", "n.乱哄哄"],
        ["turbulent", "a.导致动乱的；骚乱的"],
        ["turgid", "a.浮肿的，肿胀的；浮夸的"],
        ["turmoil", "n.混乱，骚乱"],
        ["turncoat", "n.背叛者，变节者"],
        ["turpitude", "n.邪恶，卑鄙(行为)"],
        ["turquoise", "n.绿松石；a.碧绿的"],
        ["turret", "n.塔楼，角塔"],
        ["tusk", "n.(象)长牙"],
        ["tussle", "v./n.扭打，搏斗；争辩"],
        ["tutor", "n.助教；监护人；v.辅导"],
        ["tuxedo", "n.礼服，无尾礼服"],
        ["twig", "n.小枝，嫩枝"],
        ["twinge", "n.(生理，心理上的)剧痛"],
        ["typo", "n.排印错误"],
        ["typographical", "a.印刷上的"],
        ["tyranny", "n.暴政，专制统治；暴行"],
        ["tyrant", "n.暴君"],
        ["tyro", "n.新手"],
        ["ubiquitous", "a.无所不在的"],
        ["ugly", "a.难看的，可怕的"],
        ["ulcer", "n.溃疡；腐烂物"],
        ["ultimate", "a.最后的"],
        ["umbrage", "n.不快，愤怒"],
        ["umpire", "n.裁判；v.对…进行仲裁"],
        ["unaffected", "a.自然的，不矫揉造作的"],
        ["unanimous", "a.全体意见一致的"],
        ["unassuming", "a.不摆架子的，不造作的"],
        ["unbecoming", "a.不合身的；不得体的"],
        ["unbend", "v.弄直；放松"],
        ["uncanny", "a.神秘的，不可思议的"],
        ["uncommitted", "a.不受约束的，不承担责任的"],
        ["unconscionable", "a.无节制的，过度的"],
        ["unconscious", "a.不省人事的；未意识到的"],
        ["uncouth", "a.粗野笨拙的"],
        ["unctuous", "a.油质的；油腔滑调的"],
        ["underbid", "v.要价过低"],
        ["undercut", "v.削价与(竞争者)抢生意"],
        ["underdog", "n.受欺负者，弱者"],
        ["underestimated", "a.低估的"],
        ["undergird", "v.加强"],
        ["underhanded", "a.不光明的，卑鄙的"],
        ["underling", "n.下属，手下"],
        ["underlying", "a.在下面的，根本的"],
        ["undermine", "v.破坏，损坏"],
        ["underplay", "v.淡化…的重要性；表演(角色)不充分"],
        ["underrate", "v.低估，轻视"],
        ["underscore", "v.在…之下划线；强调"],
        ["understate", "v.掩饰地说，轻描淡写地说"],
        ["understated", "a.不完全陈述的，轻描淡写的"],
        ["understatement", "n.轻描淡写的陈述，不充分的陈述"],
        ["understudy", "n.预备演员，替角；v.充当…的替角"],
        ["underutilized", "a.未充分利用的"],
        ["underwrite", "v.同意负担…的费用；为…保险"],
        ["undeserved", "a.不应得的"],
        ["undesirable", "a.令人不悦的，讨厌的"],
        ["undirected", "a.未受指导的"],
        ["unearth", "v.挖出；发现"],
        ["unearthly", "a.奇异的"],
        ["unenlightened", "a.愚昧无知的；不文明的"],
        ["unexceptionable", "a.无可非议的"],
        ["unfailing", "a.无尽的，无穷的"],
        ["unfasten", "v.解开"],
        ["unfeigned", "a.真实的；不作假的"],
        ["unflappable", "a.不惊慌的，镇定的"],
        ["unfold", "v.展开，打开；逐渐呈现"],
        ["unfounded", "a.无事实根据的"],
        ["ungainly", "a.笨拙的"],
        ["ungrudging", "a.慷慨的"],
        ["unguent", "n.药膏，软膏"],
        ["unicorn", "n.(传说中的)独角兽"],
        ["unidimensional", "a.一方面的；一维的"],
        ["unification", "n.统一，一致"],
        ["uniform", "n.制服；a.相同的，一致的"],
        ["unify", "v.统一，使成一体；使相同"],
        ["unimpassioned", "a.没有激情的"],
        ["unimpeachable", "a.无可指摘的，无可置疑的"],
        ["uninitiated", "a.外行的，缺乏经验的"],
        ["unique", "a.独一无二的，独特的；无与伦比的"],
        ["univocal", "a.意思明确的"],
        ["unjustified", "a.未被证明为正当的，无法解释的"],
        ["unjustly", "adv.不义地，不法地"],
        ["unkempt", "a.(衣服、头发)不整洁的"],
        ["unleash", "v.发泄，释放"],
        ["unmitigated", "a.未缓和的，未减轻的，全然的"],
        ["unmoved", "a.无动于衷的，冷漠的；镇定的"],
        ["unnoticed", "a.不引人注意的"],
        ["unobtrusive", "a.不引人注目的"],
        ["unpalatable", "a.令人讨厌的"],
        ["unprecedented", "a.前所未有的"],
        ["unpremeditated", "a.非预谋的"],
        ["unprepossessing", "a.不吸引人的"],
        ["unpretentious", "a.不炫耀的"],
        ["unprincipled", "a.肆无忌惮的"],
        ["unproductive", "a.徒然的，无成效的"],
        ["unprovoked", "a.(生气等)无缘无故的"],
        ["unqualified", "a.无资格的；无限制的，绝对的"],
        ["unravel", "v.解开，拆散"],
        ["unregenerate", "a.不知悔改的"],
        ["unregulated", "a.未受管理的，未受约束的"],
        ["unremitting", "a.不间断的，持续的"],
        ["unrepentant", "a.不悔悟的，不后悔的"],
        ["unrequited", "a.无报答的"],
        ["unreserved", "a.无限制的；未被预定的"],
        ["unscathed", "a.未受损伤的，未遭伤害的"],
        ["unscented", "a.无气味的<e无气味的>(without scent)"],
        ["unscrupulous", "a.肆无忌惮的"],
        ["unscrupulousness", "n.狂妄，肆无忌惮"],
        ["unseemly", "a.不适当的，不宜的"],
        ["unsettle", "v.使不安宁，搅乱"],
        ["unsettling", "a.令人不安的，扰乱的，使窘困的"],
        ["unsound", "a.不结实的，不坚固的；无根据的"],
        ["unspoiled", "a.未损坏的，未宠坏的"],
        ["unspotted", "a.清白的，无污点的"],
        ["unstinting", "a.极为慷慨的，大方的"],
        ["unsubstantiated", "a.未经证实的，无事实根据的"],
        ["untapped", "a.未开发的，未利用的"],
        ["unthreatening", "a.不威胁的"],
        ["untimely", "a.过早的；不适时的"],
        ["untold", "a.无数的，数不清的"],
        ["untoward", "a.不幸的，(坏事)没料到的"],
        ["untutored", "a.未经教育的"],
        ["unwarranted", "a.没有根据的"],
        ["unwieldy", "a.笨重的，笨拙的"],
        ["unwitting", "a.无心的，不经意的"],
        ["unwonted", "a.不寻常的，不习惯的"],
        ["unworldly", "a.非世俗的；精神上的"],
        ["upbraid", "v.斥责，责骂"],
        ["upgrade", "v.提升，给…升级"],
        ["upheaval", "n.动乱，大变动"],
        ["uphold", "v.维护，支持"],
        ["upright", "a.垂直的；正直的"],
        ["uproar", "n.喧闹，骚动"],
        ["uproarious", "a.骚动的，喧嚣的；令人捧腹的"],
        ["upstage", "a.骄傲的，高傲的"],
        ["upswing", "n.上升，增长"],
        ["urgent", "a.迫切的，紧急的"],
        ["usurp", "v.篡夺，霸占"],
        ["usury", "n.放高利贷"],
        ["utilitarian", "a.功利的，实利的"],
        ["utilize", "v.利用，使用"],
        ["utopia", "n.理想国，理想的完美境界"],
        ["utopian", "a.乌托邦式的，梦想的"],
        ["utter", "a.完全的；v.发出声音"],
        ["vaccinate", "v.给…接种疫苗"],
        ["vaccine", "n.牛痘苗，疫苗"],
        ["vacillate", "v.游移不定，踌躇"],
        ["vacuous", "a.发呆的，愚笨的"],
        ["vagary", "n.奇想，异想天开"],
        ["vagrancy", "n.游荡，流浪"],
        ["vagrant", "a.漂泊的；n.流浪汉，无赖"],
        ["vague", "a.模糊的"],
        ["vain", "a.自负的；徒劳的"],
        ["valediction", "n.告别演说"],
        ["valedictory", "a.告别的，离别的"],
        ["valiant", "a.勇敢的，英勇的"],
        ["validate", "v.使…生效"],
        ["valorous", "a.勇敢的"],
        ["valve", "n.活门，阀门"],
        ["vandalism", "n.(对公物等)恶意破坏"],
        ["vandalize", "v.肆意破坏"],
        ["vanilla", "n.香草，香子兰"],
        ["vanity", "n.虚荣，自负"],
        ["vanquish", "v.征服"],
        ["vantage", "n.优势，有利地位"],
        ["vapid", "a.索然无味的"],
        ["vaporization", "n.蒸发"],
        ["vaporize", "v.(使)蒸发"],
        ["vaporous", "a.无实质的"],
        ["variance", "n.矛盾；不同"],
        ["variegate", "v.使…多样化"],
        ["variegation", "n.杂色，班驳"],
        ["varnish", "n.清漆；v.涂上清漆"],
        ["vascular", "a.血管的，脉管的"],
        ["vault", "n.拱顶；地窖"],
        ["vaunting", "a.吹嘘的"],
        ["veer", "v.转向，改变(话题等)"],
        ["vehicle", "n.交通工具；传播媒介"],
        ["veil", "n.面纱；遮蔽物，掩蔽物；v.以面纱掩盖"],
        ["velocity", "n.速度；迅速"],
        ["venal", "a.惟利是图的，贪赃枉法的"],
        ["vendetta", "n.世仇，宿怨"],
        ["vendor", "n.小贩"],
        ["veneer", "n.(镶于劣质东西上的)镶面板；外表"],
        ["venerate", "v.崇敬，敬仰"],
        ["vengeance", "n.报仇，报复"],
        ["vengeful", "a.报复的，复仇心理的"],
        ["venial", "a.(错误等)轻微的，可原谅的"],
        ["venom", "n.毒液；恶毒，痛恨"],
        ["vent", "v.发泄(情绪)；开孔；n.孔，口"],
        ["ventilate", "v.使…通风，透风"],
        ["ventriloquist", "n.口技表演者，会口技的人"],
        ["veracious", "a.诚实的，说真话的"],
        ["veracity", "n.真实性，诚实"],
        ["verbal", "a.口头的；与言辞有关的"],
        ["verbiage", "n.罗嗦，冗长"],
        ["verbose", "a.冗长的，罗嗦的"],
        ["verdant", "a.青葱的，翠绿的"],
        ["verdict", "n.判决，决定"],
        ["verdigris", "n.铜锈，铜绿"],
        ["verified", "a.检验的，核实的"],
        ["verify", "v.证明，证实"],
        ["verisimilar", "a.好像真实的；可能的"],
        ["veritable", "a.确实的，名副其实的"],
        ["vernacular", "n.本国语，地方语"],
        ["versatile", "a.多才多艺的；多用途的"],
        ["verse", "n.诗歌"],
        ["vertex", "n.(三角形等)顶角；顶点"],
        ["vertical", "a.垂直的"],
        ["vertigo", "n.眩晕"],
        ["verve", "n.(艺术作品的)神韵；(人)生机"],
        ["vessel", "n.血管；容器；船只"],
        ["vestige", "n.痕迹，遗迹"],
        ["vestigial", "a.退化的"],
        ["vestment", "n.(作礼拜时教士的)法衣，官服"],
        ["veteran", "n.老兵，老手；a.经验丰富的"],
        ["veterinary", "a.兽医的"],
        ["veto", "n.否决，禁止"],
        ["vex", "v./n.恼火"],
        ["vexation", "n.困扰，苦恼"],
        ["viability", "n.生存能力，存活力"],
        ["viable", "a.可行的；能活下去的"],
        ["viaduct", "n.高架桥"],
        ["vibrancy", "n.生机勃勃，活泼"],
        ["vibrant", "a.振动的；明快的；生机勃勃的"],
        ["vibrate", "v.颤动，振动"],
        ["vicar", "n.教区牧师"],
        ["vicarious", "a.替代的，代理的"],
        ["vicinity", "n.附近，接近"],
        ["vicious", "a.残酷的，危险的"],
        ["vicissitudinous", "a.有变化的，变迁的"],
        ["victimize", "v.使受害，迫害"],
        ["vie", "v.竞争"],
        ["vigilant", "a.机警的，警惕的"],
        ["vigorous", "a.精力旺盛的，健壮的"],
        ["vile", "a.恶劣的，卑鄙的"],
        ["vilify", "v.辱骂，诽谤"],
        ["vindicate", "v.为…平反；证明…正确"],
        ["vindictive", "a.报复性的"],
        ["vintner", "n.酒商"],
        ["violate", "v.违反，触犯"],
        ["violet", "a.紫罗兰色的；n.紫罗兰"],
        ["viral", "a.病毒性的"],
        ["virtual", "a.实质上的，实际上的"],
        ["virtuosity", "n.精湛技巧，高超"],
        ["virtuoso", "n.演艺精湛的人"],
        ["virtuous", "a.有美德的；自命清高的"],
        ["virulent", "a.剧毒的；恶毒的"],
        ["virus", "n.病毒"],
        ["viscid", "a.粘性的"],
        ["viscous", "a.粘的"],
        ["visionary", "a.有远见的；幻想的；n.空想家"],
        ["vista", "n.远景；展望"],
        ["vital", "a.极其重要的；充满活力的"],
        ["vitalize", "v.激发活力"],
        ["vitiate", "v.削弱，损害"],
        ["vitrify", "v.使成玻璃"],
        ["vitriolic", "a.刻薄的，强烈的"],
        ["vituperate", "v.痛斥，辱骂"],
        ["vituperative", "a.辱骂的"],
        ["vivacious", "a.活泼的，快活的"],
        ["vivid", "a.清晰的，鲜艳的；大胆的，活泼的，逼真的"],
        ["vocalist", "n.流行歌手，声乐家"],
        ["vocation", "n.擅长；工作，职业"],
        ["vogue", "n.时髦，时尚；a.流行的"],
        ["void", "a.空的，缺乏的；n.空隙，空处；空虚感"],
        ["volatile", "a.反复无常的；挥发性的"],
        ["volition", "n.决断力，意志"],
        ["volley", "n.齐发，群射；v.齐发，群射；(足球、网球)截击"],
        ["voluble", "a.健谈的；易旋转的"],
        ["voluminous", "a.长篇的；多产的"],
        ["voluptuous", "a.撩人的；沉溺于酒色的"],
        ["voracious", "a.狼吞虎咽的，贪婪的"],
        ["voracity", "n.贪婪"],
        ["votary", "n.崇拜者，热心支持者"],
        ["vouch", "v.担保，证明"],
        ["vulgar", "a.无教养的"],
        ["vulnerable", "a.易受攻击的"],
        ["vulture", "n.秃鹫"],
        ["vying", "a.竞争的"],
        ["waddle", "v.(鸭子等)摇摇摆摆地走"],
        ["waffle", "n.蛋奶烘饼；v.胡扯，唠叨"],
        ["waft", "v.飘浮，飘荡"],
        ["wag", "v.(狗尾巴等)摆动；n.诙谐幽默者"],
        ["wage", "v.开始，进行(战争，运动)"],
        ["waggish", "a.诙谐的，滑稽的"],
        ["walrus", "n.海象"],
        ["wan", "a.虚弱的；病态的"],
        ["wanderlust", "n.漫游癖，旅游热"],
        ["wane", "v.减少，衰微"],
        ["want", "n.缺乏，贫困，需要"],
        ["wardrobe", "n.衣橱；全部服装"],
        ["warehouse", "n.仓库，货栈"],
        ["warmonger", "n.好战者，战争贩子"],
        ["warp", "v./n.翘起，弯曲"],
        ["warrant", "n.正当理由；许可证"],
        ["warranted", "a.保证的；凭正当理由的"],
        ["warranty", "n.保证；辩解；有正当理由；批准"],
        ["wary", "a.谨慎的，小心翼翼的"],
        ["waste", "v.使身体消瘦，损耗"],
        ["wastrel", "n.挥霍无度的人"],
        ["watershed", "n.分水岭，转折点"],
        ["waver", "v.摇摆，犹豫"],
        ["wax", "n.蜡；v.给…打蜡；盈，增大"],
        ["wean", "v.(孩子)断奶；戒掉"],
        ["wearisome", "a.使人感到疲倦或厌倦的"],
        ["weary", "a.疲劳的，令人厌倦的；v.厌烦"],
        ["weasel", "n.黄鼠狼，鼬；v.逃避"],
        ["weather", "v.经受住，平安度过危难"],
        ["weed", "n.杂草，野草；v.除草"],
        ["weld", "v.焊接，熔接；结合"],
        ["well-groomed", "a.非常整洁的"],
        ["welter", "n.混乱，杂乱无章"],
        ["wheedle", "v.(用花言巧语)哄骗"],
        ["whet", "v.磨快；刺激"],
        ["whiff", "v./n.轻吹，轻风"],
        ["whim", "n.多变，怪念头"],
        ["whimsical", "a.古怪的，异想天开的"],
        ["whimsy", "n.古怪，异想天开"],
        ["whine", "v.哀号，号哭"],
        ["whirlpool", "n.漩涡"],
        ["whisper", "v.耳语，低声说话"],
        ["whistle", "n.口哨，口哨声；汽笛声；v.吹口哨"],
        ["whittle", "v.削(木头)；削减"],
        ["wholesome", "a.促进健康的"],
        ["wick", "n.蜡烛芯；灯芯"],
        ["wicked", "a.极坏的；淘气的"],
        ["wield", "v.支配，掌权"],
        ["willful", "a.任性的；故意的"],
        ["willow", "n.柳树"],
        ["willowy", "a.苗条的"],
        ["wilt", "v.使…凋谢，枯萎"],
        ["wily", "a.狡猾的"],
        ["wince", "v.避开，畏缩"],
        ["windbag", "n.饶舌之人"],
        ["winding", "a.蜿蜒的，迂回的"],
        ["windy", "a.有风的；长篇累牍的"],
        ["wink", "v.使眼色；n.眨眼"],
        ["winnow", "v.把(谷物)的杂质吹掉，扬去"],
        ["winsome", "a.媚人的，漂亮的"],
        ["wistful", "a.惆怅的，渴望的"],
        ["wit", "n.智力，机智"],
        ["withdraw", "v.撤退，收回；隐居"],
        ["wither", "v.枯萎，凋零"],
        ["withhold", "v.扣留，保留"],
        ["withstand", "v.顶住；经受住"],
        ["witness", "n.目击者；v.目击"],
        ["witticism", "n.妙语，俏皮话"],
        ["wizened", "a.干皱的，干巴巴的"],
        ["wobble", "v.动摇；犹豫"],
        ["woe", "n.悲痛，苦难"],
        ["woo", "v.向(女人)求爱；争取…的支持"],
        ["worship", "v./n.崇拜，敬仰"],
        ["wrangler", "n.口角者，争论者；牧马者"],
        ["wrench", "v.扭，拧；n.板钳，扳手"],
        ["wretched", "a.可怜的"],
        ["wrinkle", "n.皱纹；窍门"],
        ["wrist", "n.腕，腕关节"],
        ["writ", "n.命令状，书面命令"],
        ["wrought", "a.做成的，精炼的"],
        ["wry", "a.扭曲的；冷嘲性幽默的"],
        ["xenophobe", "n.惧外者；排外者"],
        ["xerophyte", "n.旱生植物"],
        ["yacht", "n.帆船，游艇"],
        ["yarn", "n.纱线"],
        ["yawn", "v.打呵欠"],
        ["yearn", "v.盼望，渴望"],
        ["yeast", "n.酵母；兴奋"],
        ["yielding", "a.弯曲自如的；柔顺的"],
        ["yoke", "n.牛轭；v.控制，束缚"],
        ["yokel", "n.乡巴佬"],
        ["zealotry", "n.狂热行为"],
        ["zenith", "n.天顶；极点"],
        ["zephyr", "n.和风；西风"],
        ["zest", "n.刺激性；热心，兴趣"],
        ["zigzag", "n./a.之字形(的)；v.弯弯曲曲地行进"],
        ["zone", "v.分成区"]
    ];
    if (Math.random() < chance) {
        var index = Math.floor(Math.random() * words.length);
        var wordStr = words[index].join(': ');
        window.alert(wordStr);
    }
})();